Editing Orthographic map projection (section)

==History==
The [[orthographic projection]] has been known since antiquity, with its cartographic uses being well documented. [[Hipparchus]] used the projection in the 2nd century BC to determine the places of star-rise and star-set. In about 14 BC, Roman engineer [[Vitruvius|Marcus Vitruvius Pollio]] used the projection to construct sundials and to compute sun positions.<ref name="Snyder16" />

Vitruvius also seems to have devised the term orthographic (from the Greek ''orthos'' (= “straight”) and graphē (= “drawing”)) for the projection. However, the name ''[[analemma]]'', which also meant a sundial showing latitude and longitude, was the common name until [[François d'Aguilon]] of [[Antwerp]] promoted its present name in 1613.<ref name="Snyder16"/>

The earliest surviving maps on the projection appear as crude woodcut drawings of terrestrial globes of 1509 (anonymous), 1533 and 1551 (Johannes Schöner), and 1524 and 1551 (Apian). A highly-refined map, designed by Renaissance [[polymath]] [[Albrecht Dürer]] and executed by [[Johannes Stabius]], appeared in 1515.<ref name="Snyder16"/>

Photographs of the [[Earth]] and other [[planets]] from spacecraft have inspired renewed interest in the orthographic projection in [[astronomy]] and [[planetary science]].