Editing Overtraining (section)

== Signs and symptoms ==

Overtraining may be accompanied by one or more concomitant [[Signs and symptoms | signs]]:<ref name=ncbigov-signs>{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=MB|last2=Thiese |first2=SM |title=A review of overtraining syndrome-recognizing the signs and symptoms |journal=Journal of Athletic Training |date=1992 |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=352–354 |pmid=16558192 |pmc=1317287}}</ref><ref name=acefitness>{{cite web|title=Top 10 Signs You're Overtraining |url=http://www.acefitness.org/updateable/update_display.aspx?pageID=634 |publisher=The American Council on Exercise |access-date=25 June 2014}}</ref>
* Persistent [[Myalgia|muscle soreness]]<ref>{{Cite journal|url = http://www.nature.com/icb/journal/v78/n5/full/icb200070a.html#abs| title = Overtraining effects on immunity and performance in athletes |last = MacKinnon |first = Laurel |date = 30 May 2000 |journal = Immunology and Cell Biology |doi = 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2000.t01-7-.x |pmid = 11050533 |access-date = 15 April 2015 |volume=78 |issue = 5 |pages=502–509 |s2cid = 37150248|url-access = subscription }}</ref>
* Persistent [[Fatigue (physical)|fatigue]],<ref>{{Cite journal |title = Fatigue and underperformance in athletes: the overtraining syndrome |last = Budgett |first = Richard| date = 10 March 1998 |journal = British Journal of Sports Medicine |doi = 10.1136/bjsm.32.2.107 |pmid = 9631215 |volume=32 |issue = 2 |pages=107–110 |pmc = 1756078}}</ref> different from just being tired from a hard training session—occurs when fatigue continues even after adequate rest<ref name=":3" />
* "Central fatigue can take the form of losing the desire or motivation to continue exercise or losing the desire or motivation to continue exercise or a decline in some aspect of the motor skills associated with continued exercise" <ref>{{Cite book |last=Murray, Bob, and W. Larry Kenney |title=Practical Guide to Exercise Physiology |publisher=Human Kinetics |year=2016 |page=62}}</ref>
* Elevated [[resting heart rate]]{{snd}}a persistently high [[heart-rate]] after adequate rest, such as in the morning after sleep, can indicate overtraining<ref name=":3" />
* Reduced [[heart rate variability]]
* Increased susceptibility to [[infection]]s
* Increased incidence of [[injury|injuries]]
* [[irritable|Irritability]]
* [[depression (mood)|Depression]]
* [[Burnout (psychology)|Burnout]]<ref>{{Cite journal|url = http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/119/6/1242.full|title = Overuse Injuries, Overtraining, and Burnout in Child and Adolescent Athletes|last = Brenner|first = Joel S|date = June 1, 2007|journal = Pediatrics|doi = 10.1542/peds.2007-0887|pmid = 17545398|access-date = 15 April 2015|volume=119|issue = 6|pages=1242–1245|doi-access = |url-access = subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/14029200|title = Training and overtraining: an overview and experimental results in endurance sports.|first1 = M.J.|last1 = Lehmann|first2 = W.|last2 = Lormes|first3 = A|last3 = Opitz-Gress|first4 = J.M.|last4 = Steinacker|first5 = N.|last5 = Netzer|first6 = C.|last6 = Foster|first7 = U.|last7 = Gastmann|date = 17 March 1997|journal = Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness|volume = 37|issue = 1|pages = 7–17|pmid = 9190120|access-date = 15 April 2015}}</ref>

"[[Symptoms]] of overtraining include muscle soreness, [[boredom]], poor [[motivation]], [[sleep problems]], increased morning pulse rate, diminished [[libido | sex drive]], a drop in energy, decreased resistance to illness, poor [[appetite]] and [[weight loss]]."<ref>
{{cite web
|title                = Soldiers
|url                  = https://books.google.com/books?id=6GbCyOmkSoYC&pg=RA1-PA51
|department           = The Fitness Page
|publisher            = Department of the Army
|publication-date     = April 1988
|page                 = 51
|issn                 = 0093-8440
|access-date          = 26 March 2025
}}
</ref>

It is important to note the difference between overtraining and overreaching; overreaching is when an athlete is undergoing hard training but with adequate recovery; overtraining, however, is when an athlete is undergoing hard training without proper recovery. With over-reaching, the consequential drop in performance can be resolved in a few days or weeks.<ref name=ois>{{Cite book
| editor1 =Kreider, R. B.
| editor2 = Fry, A. C.
| editor3 = O'Toole, M. L.
| year= 1998 | title=Overtraining in sport
| series= Human Kinetics
| url =http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1997-36577-000}}</ref>

=== Performance ===
* Early onset of fatigue
* Decreased [[VO2 max|aerobic capacity]] (VO<sub>2</sub> max)
* Poor physical performance
* Inability to complete workouts
* Delayed recovery

Overtraining can affect the athlete's athletic ability and other areas of life, such as performance in studies or the workforce. An overtrained athlete who is suffering from physical and/or psychological distress could also have trouble socializing with friends and family, studying for an exam, or preparing for work.<ref name=ois />