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Panelling
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== {{anchor|Wainscot panelling|Wainscot paneling}} Wainscot panelling == [[File:RSC Staircase.jpg|thumb|left|Simple moulded panelling on the walls of a staircase.]] The term '''wainscot''' ({{IPAc-en|UK|ˈ|w|eɪ|n|s|k|ə|t}} {{respell|WAYN|skət}} or {{IPAc-en|US|ˈ|w|eɪ|n|s|k|ɒ|t}} {{respell|WAYN|skot}}) originally applied to high quality [[Wood splitting|riven]] [[oak]] boards. Wainscot oak came from large, slow-grown forest trees, and produced boards that were knot-free, low in [[tannin]], light in weight, and easy to work with. It was preferred to home-grown oak, especially in the Netherlands and British Isles, because it was a far superior product and dimensionally stable. The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' states that it derives from the [[Middle Low German]] ''wagenschot'' as well as ''wageschot'' or 'wall-board'.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/wainscot|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909233552/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/wainscot|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 9, 2017|title=wainscot|date=9 September 2017|website=Oxford Dictionaries}}</ref> ''[[A Dictionary of the English Language|Johnson's Dictionary]]'' defined it thus: {{quote|text=Wainscot [''wageschot'', Dutch], the inner wooden covering of a wall.<br/> To wainscot [''waegenschotten'', Dutch], to line the walls with boards}} A 'wainscot' was therefore a board of riven (and later [[Quarter sawing|quarter-sawn]]) oak, and wainscoting was the panelling made from it. During the 18th century, oak wainscot was almost entirely superseded for panelling in Europe by softwoods (mainly [[Scots pine]] and [[Norway spruce]]), but the name stuck: {{Blockquote |text=The term wainscoting, as applied to the lining of walls, originated in a species of foreign oak of the same name, used for that purpose; and although that has long been superseded by the introduction of [[fir]] timber, the term has been continued notwithstanding the change of material.<ref>Peter Nicholson, ''An Architectural Dictionary'', 2 Vols., London (1819).</ref> |author=[[Peter Nicholson (architect)|Peter Nicholson]] |source=''An Architectural Dictionary'' (1819) }} Today the term wainscot refers commonly to the different treatment of the lower part of the wall (roughly a meter, 3–4 feet); see also [[Dado (architecture)|dado]].
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