Editing Parthamaspates of Parthia (section)

== Biography ==
After spending much of his life in Roman exile, he accompanied the [[Roman emperor|emperor]] [[Trajan]] on the latter's campaign to conquer Parthia. Trajan originally planned to annex Ctesiphon as part of the [[Roman Empire]], but ultimately decided instead to place Parthamaspates on his father's throne as a Roman client, doing so in 116.<ref name="JMS165">{{cite book |last1=Schlude |first1=Jason M. |title=Rome, Parthia, and the Politics of Peace: The Origins of War in the Ancient Middle East |date=13 January 2020 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-351-13570-2 |page=165 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l-LNDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA165 |language=en}}</ref> Trajan effectively crowned Parthamaspates as a king of Parthia.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Schlude |first1=Jason M. |title=Rome, Parthia, and the Politics of Peace: The Origins of War in the Ancient Middle East |date=13 January 2020 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-351-13570-2 |page=161 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l-LNDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA161 |language=en}}</ref>

Following Roman withdrawal from the area, Osroes easily defeated Parthamaspates and reclaimed the Parthian throne.<ref name="UE61"/>

After his defeat in Parthia, Parthamaspates again fled to the Romans who then, as a consolation, granted him the co-rule of Osroene, a small Roman [[client state]] between [[Asia Minor]] and [[Roman Syria|Syria]]. He was king of [[Osroene]] together with [[Yalur of Osroene|Yalur]] from 118 to 122, and afterwards sole ruler to 123.<ref name="UE61"/>

[[File:ANTONINUS PIUS. 138-161 AD Parthia coinage.jpg|thumb|[[Sestertius]] of [[Antoninus Pius]] showing a subdued [[Parthia]] (''PAR-TH-IA'' on the reverse) handing the crown to him, an empty claim that Parthia was still subject to Rome after the events surrounding Parthamaspates.<ref name="Routledge">{{cite book |last1=Schlude |first1=Jason M. |title=Rome, Parthia, and the Politics of Peace: The Origins of War in the Ancient Middle East |date=13 January 2020 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-351-13570-2 |page=176 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l-LNDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA176 |language=en}}</ref>]]
From his territory of Osroene, he is known to have traded with the [[Kushan Empire]], goods being sent by sea and through the [[Indus River]].<ref name="UE61"/>

Long after the failure of Parthamaspates, Rome still claimed to have control of Parthian land, as shown in a coin of [[Antoninus Pius]] (138–161 AD) with the image of a subdued "Parthia" offering the crown to him.<ref name="Routledge"/>