Editing Parvin E'tesami (section)

==Life==
[[File:Parvin etesami.jpg|left|thumb|Sketch of Parvin E'tesami]]
Parvin E'tesami was born on 17 March 1907<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_uELAAAAIAAJ&q=%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86+%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C+%DB%B2%DB%B5+%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%86%D8%AF+%DB%B1%DB%B2%DB%B8%DB%B5 | title=كارواني از شعر: گنجينهاي از اثار ارزنده هزار و صد ساله شعر ايران | date=1985 }}</ref> in [[Tabriz]] to Mirza [[Yussef E'tesami]] Ashtiani (E'tesam-al-Molk). Her paternal grandfather was Mirza Ebrahim Khan Mostawfi Etesam-al-Molk.<ref name="bio">{{Cite web|title=Persian Language & Literature: Parvin Etesami|url=https://www.iranchamber.com/literature/petesami/parvin_etesami.php|access-date=2021-04-09|website=Iran Chamber Society}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|author=Moayyad|first=Heshmat|date=December 15, 1998|title=Etesami, Mirza Yusuf Khan Ashtiani, Etesam-al-Molk|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/etesami-mirza-yusof-khan-astiani-etesam-al-molk|access-date=April 8, 2021|website=iranicaonline.org|publisher=Encyclopedia Iranica, Vol. VIII, Fasc. 6|page=666}}</ref> Her grandfather Mirza Ebrahim Khan Mostawfi Etesam-al-Molk was originally from [[Ashtian|Ashtiyan]], but moved to [[Tabriz]] and was appointed financial controller of the province of [[Azerbaijan (Iran)|Azerbaijan]] by the [[Qajar dynasty|Qajar]] administration.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.payvand.com/cgi-bin/khayam.cgi?opt=pm&year=1285&month=esfand&day= |title= Khayam Persian Calendar Program |publisher= Payvand News |access-date= 2023-04-03 |archive-date= 2023-04-15 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230415160027/http://www.payvand.com/cgi-bin/khayam.cgi?opt=pm&year=1285&month=esfand&day= |url-status= dead }}</ref>

E'tesami had four brothers, her mother died in 1973. Her family moved to [[Tehran]] early in her life, and in addition to formal schooling, she obtained a solid understanding of Arabic and classical [[Persian literature]] from her father.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Bashiri|first=Iraj|date=February 2001|title=Parvin E'tesami's Life|url=https://www.angelfire.com/rnb/bashiri/Poets/Parvin.html#Parvin|access-date=2021-04-09|website=Bashiri Working Papers on Central Asia and Iran}}</ref> At the age of 8 she started writing poems.<ref name=":3" />

She studied at the [[Iran Bethel School]] in Tehran, an American high school for girls where she graduated in 1924.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Moayyad|first=Heshmat|date=December 15, 1998|title=EʿTEṢĀMĪ, PARVĪN|url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/etesami-parvin|access-date=2021-04-08|website=iranicaonline.org|publisher=Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VIII, Fasc. 6|pages=666–669}}</ref> Afterwards, she taught for a while at that school.<ref name=":1" /> For her graduation she wrote the poem, ''[[A Twig of a Wish]]'' (1924) about the struggles facing Iranian women, their lack of opportunities, and the need for their education.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2021-03-16|title=Persian poet Parvin E'tesami commemorated|url=http://www.iranart.news/Section-culture-5/57134-persian-poet-parvin-tesami-commemorated|access-date=2021-04-09|website=Iran Art|publisher=Iran Daily|language=en}}</ref>

In 1926, she received an invitation to become the tutor of the Queen of the new [[Pahlavi dynasty|Pahlavi court]], but she refused.<ref name=":2" />

On July 10, 1934, she was married to a cousin of her father, Fazlollah E'tesami, and they moved to the city of [[Kermanshah]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2021-03-15|title=Parvin Etesami; Shining jewel in Persian literature's history|url=https://en.mehrnews.com/news/170936/Parvin-Etesami-Shining-jewel-in-Persian-literature-s-history|access-date=2021-04-10|website=Mehr News Agency|language=en}}</ref> The marriage lasted for only ten weeks and they separated due to differences of interests and personality and she returned to [[Tehran]].<ref name=":4" />

She was a member of the [[Kanoun-e-Banovan]] and supported the [[Kashf-e hijab]] reform against compulsory hijab (veiling).<ref>{{cite web|url= https://iranicaonline.org/articles/feminist-movements-iii |title= FEMINIST MOVEMENTS iii. IN THE PAHLAVI PERIOD, Hamideh Sedghi |publisher= Encyclopedia Iranica|access-date= 2012-12-30 }}</ref>

In 1936, E'tesami was awarded by [[Reza Shah|Reza Shah Pahlavi]] the third-degree Iran Medal of Art and Culture, but she declined.<ref name=":2" />

In 1938–39 she worked for several months at the library of ''Danesh-Saraay-e 'Aali'', (currently known as [[Tarbiat Moallem University]]) of Tehran.

Her father died in 1938, and she died three years later of typhoid fever.<ref name="Iranica" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-06-28|title=Audio version of Parvin Etesami's divan released in Armenian|url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/403796/Audio-version-of-Parvin-Etesami-s-divan-released-in-Armenian|access-date=2021-04-10|website=Tehran Times|language=en}}</ref> She was buried near her father in [[Qom]], near the [[Fatima Masumeh Shrine]].

Parvin E'tesami's house became an Iranian national heritage site on 19 October 2006.

=== Marriage ===
Parvin E'tesami married her father's cousin, Fazlollah E'tesami Ashtiani, on 10 July 1934, and four months after their engagement and marriage, they moved to[[Kermanshah]].<ref name=":5">بهمن، مهناز (۱۳۸۹). پروین اعتصامی (چهره‌های درخشان). تهران: انتشارات مدرسه. ص. ۲۰ شابک ۹۷۸-۹۶۴-۳۸۵-۲۰۷-۸. </ref> At the time of their marriage her husband was the head of the [[gendarmerie]] in Kermanshah. After living with her husband for nearly two months, Parvin returned to her father's house, and nine months later, on 5 August 1935, they [[Divorce|separated]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=فخری |first=‌اذر |date=6 September 2024 |title=دیباچه: سالشمار پروین اعتصامی |url=https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/379172/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%87-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C |journal=کتاب ماه ادبیات |language=fa |volume=112-114 |issue=10 |pages=2–5}}</ref> Abolfath E'tesami, Parvin's brother, cited the reason for the separation as mentality and ethical differences between the two, stating that her husband's military mindset was incompatible with Parvin's gentle and free-spirited nature.<ref name=":5" />   

Parvin never spoke about this unsuccessful marriage until the end of her life, and only composed a poem on the subject, the first three verses of which begin with these lines (translated from Persian):<ref name=":5" /><blockquote>Oh flower, in the company of the garden, what did you see?

Other than reproach and the bitterness of thorns, what did you see?

You went to the meadow but a cage became your fate,

Oh captive bird, besides the cage what did you see?

Oh radiant candle, with all this light,

Other than a petty buyer in the market, what did you see?</blockquote>