Editing Paymaster of the Forces (section)

==History==
[[File:Sir Stephen Fox (1627–1716) by John James Baker.jpg|thumb|left|Sir [[Stephen Fox]] (1627–1716), first Paymaster of the Forces]]
The first to hold the office was Sir [[Stephen Fox]] (1627–1716), an exceptionally able administrator who had remained a member of the household of King Charles II during his exile in France. Before his time, and before the [[English Civil War|Civil War]], there was no [[standing army]] and it had been the custom to appoint treasurers-at-war, ''ad hoc'', for campaigns. Within a generation of the Restoration, the status of the paymastership began to change. In 1692 the then paymaster, [[Richard Jones, 1st Earl of Ranelagh]], was made a member of the [[Privy Council of England|Privy Council]]; and thereafter every paymaster, or when there were two paymasters at least one of them, joined the Privy Council if not already a member. From the accession of [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Queen Anne]] the paymaster tended to change with the government. By the 18th century the office had become a political prize and potentially the most lucrative that a parliamentary career could obtain. Appointments to the office were therefore made often not due to merit alone, but also to political affiliation. It was occasionally a cabinet-level post in the 18th and early 19th centuries, and many future prime ministers served as paymaster.<ref name="S&B1955p229">{{cite journal |last1=Sutherland |first1=Lucy S. |last2=Binney |first2=J. |year= 1955 |title=Henry Fox as Paymaster General of the Forces |journal=[[The English Historical Review]] |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume= 70 |page=229 |issue= 275 |doi=10.1093/ehr/lxx.cclxxv.229}}</ref>

[[File:Paymaster General's Office, Whitehall.jpg|260px|thumb|A wing of the [[Horse Guards (building)|Horse Guards]], [[Whitehall]], used to accommodate the Paymaster to the Forces; rebuilt in 1732, the building went on to accommodate the Paymaster General's Office until 1939.<ref name=Roper1998>{{cite book |last1=Roper |first1=Michael |title=The Records of the War Office and Related Departments, 1660-1964 |date=1998 |publisher=Public Record Office |location=Kew, Surrey }}</ref>]]
Before the development of the banking system, the duty of the paymaster was to act as the personal sole domestic banker of the army. He received, mainly from the [[Exchequer]], the sums voted by Parliament for military expenditure. Other sums were also received, for example from the sale of old stores. He disbursed these sums, by his own hands or by deputy paymasters, under the authority of [[Royal sign-manual|sign-manual]] warrants for ordinary expenses of the army, and under Treasury warrants for extraordinary expenses (expenses unforeseen and unprovided for by Parliament).<ref name="S&B1955p229"/>

During the whole time in which public money was in his hands, from the day of receipt until the receipt of his final discharge (the ''[[wikt:quietus|quietus]]'' of the [[Pipe rolls|Pipe Office]]), he assumed unlimited personal liability for the funds, thus his private estate was liable for the money in his hands. Failing the ''quietus'' this liability remained without limit of time, passing on his death to his heirs and legal representatives.

Appointments were made by the Crown by [[letters patent]] under the [[Great Seal of the Realm|Great Seal]]. The patent salary was £400 from 1661 to 1680 and 20 shillings a day thereafter, except for the years 1702–07 when it was fixed at 10 shillings a day.<ref name="Sainty"/>

The office of Paymaster of the Forces was abolished in 1836 and superseded with the formation of the post of [[Paymaster General]].