Editing Pendleton, Oregon (section)

== History ==
[[File:US-OR(1891) p704 PENDLETON.jpg|left|thumb|upright=1.35|Pendleton in 1891]]
[[File:Oregon - Pendleton - NARA - 68147464 (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|Aerial view of Pendleton in 1923]]
A European-American commercial center began to develop here in 1851, when [[William Cameron McKay|William C. McKay]] established a [[trading post]] at the mouth of McKay Creek. A United States Post Office named Marshall (for the owner, and sometime gambler, of another local store) was established April&nbsp;21, 1865, and later renamed Pendleton, after politician and diplomat [[George H. Pendleton]] (1825&ndash;1889), who served as a U.S. Representative and Senator from Ohio.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pendleton.or.us/history-pendleton|title=History of Pendleton|publisher=The City of Pendleton|access-date=May 1, 2017|archive-date=December 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209152213/https://pendleton.or.us/history-pendleton|url-status=dead}}</ref> The city was incorporated by the [[Oregon Legislative Assembly]] on October&nbsp;25, 1880.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Leeds|first=W. H.|year=1899|title=Special Laws|journal=The State of Oregon General and Special Laws and Joint Resolutions and Memorials Enacted and Adopted by the Twentieth Regular Session of the Legislative Assembly|publisher=State Printer|location=Salem, Oregon|page=747|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gsCwAAAAIAAJ&q=%22ocean%20grove%22%20seaside%20oregon&pg=PA747}}</ref>

By 1900, Pendleton had a population of 4,406 and was the fourth-largest city in Oregon. The [[Pendleton Woolen Mills]] and [[Pendleton Round Up]] became features of the city captured in early paintings by [[Walter S. Bowman]]. Like many cities in Eastern Oregon, where thousands of Chinese immigrant workers built the transcontinental railroad, it had a flourishing [[Chinatown]] that developed as the workers settled here. The sector is supposed to have been underlain by a network of tunnels, which are now a tourist attraction. The authenticity as a Chinese tunnel system has been questioned.<ref>{{cite web|title=Asian American Comparative Collection: Asian American Sites and Museum Exhibits in the Pacific Northwest, Great Basin, and Canada|url=http://webpages.uidaho.edu/aacc/museums.htm|publisher=[[University of Idaho]]|first=Priscilla|last=Wegars|access-date=September 3, 2014|quote=Pendleton – Pendleton Underground. An interesting tour of downtown Pendleton basements. However, some guides call them "Chinese tunnels" thus perpetuating a stereotype for which there is no basis in fact. See "Ongoing Research" for a discussion of so-called "Chinese tunnels."}}</ref>

The town is the cultural center of [[Eastern Oregon]].<ref name=encyc/> Pendleton's "Old town" is listed as a Historic District on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name ="historic district">{{cite web |author=Sargent, Gail (James Lynch & Associates)|url={{NRHP url|id=86003260}}|format=PDF|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: South Main Street Commercial Historic District|date=October 10, 1986|publisher=National Park Service|access-date=August 29, 2014}}</ref>

The [[Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation]] (CTUIR) have their property nearby. They have established the [[Wildhorse Resort & Casino]] and golf course on the reservation to generate revenue for development and welfare. They have also built the [[Tamástslikt Cultural Institute]], for education and interpretation of their cultures.<ref name=encyc>{{cite encyclopedia|last=Scanlan|first=John|title=Pendleton|url=http://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/pendleton/ |encyclopedia=The Oregon Encyclopedia|publisher=Portland State University and the Oregon Historical Society|access-date=May 20, 2014}}</ref>