Editing Perchlorate (section)

==Production==
Very few chemical oxidants are strong enough to convert chlorate to perchlorate.  [[Persulfate]], [[ozone]], or [[lead dioxide]] are all known to do so, but the reactions are too delicate and low-yielding for commercial viability.<ref name=ull/>  

Perchlorate salts are typically manufactured through the process of [[electrolysis]], which involves oxidizing aqueous solutions of corresponding [[chlorate]]s. This technique is commonly employed in the production of [[sodium perchlorate]], which finds widespread use as a key ingredient in [[rocket fuel]].<ref name=ull>Helmut Vogt, Jan Balej, John E. Bennett, Peter Wintzer, Saeed Akbar Sheikh, Patrizio Gallone "Chlorine Oxides and Chlorine Oxygen Acids" in ''Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry'' 2002, Wiley-VCH. {{doi|10.1002/14356007.a06_483}}</ref>  Perchlorate salts are also commonly produced by reacting [[perchloric acid]] with bases, such as [[Ammonia solution|ammonium hydroxide]] or [[sodium hydroxide]]. [[Ammonium perchlorate]], which is highly valued,{{Why|date=May 2024}} can also be produced via an [[Electrochemistry|electrochemical]] process.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Dotson R.L. | year = 1993 | title = A novel electrochemical process for the production of ammonium perchlorate | journal = Journal of Applied Electrochemistry | volume = 23 | issue = 9| pages = 897–904 | doi = 10.1007/BF00251024 | s2cid = 96020879}}</ref>  

Perchlorate esters are formed in the presence of a nucleophilic [[catalyst]] via a perchlorate salt's [[nucleophilic substitution]] onto an [[alkylating agent]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zefirov |first1=N.&nbsp;S. |last2=Zedankin |first2=V.&nbsp;V. |last3=Koz'min |first3=A.&nbsp;S. |year=1988 |title=The synthesis and properties of covalent organic perchlorates |journal=Russian Chemical Reviews |publisher=Turpion |volume=57 |issue=11 |page=1042 |bibcode=1988RuCRv..57.1041Z |doi=10.1070/RC1988v057n11ABEH003410 |s2cid=250838799}}  Translated from ''[[Uspekhi Khimii]]'' volume&nbsp;57 (1988), pp.&nbsp;1815-1839.</ref>