Editing Permissible exposure limit (section)

==Regulatory agencies for occupational noise exposure==
===OSHA===
The current PEL for OSHA  standards are based on a 5 [[decibel]] exchange rate. OSHA's PEL for noise exposure is 90 decibels (dBA) for an 8-hour TWA. Levels of 90-140 dBA are included in the noise dose.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rawool |first1=Vishakha |title=Hearing Conservation in Occupation, Education, and Home Settings |date= 19 September 2011 |publisher=Thieme Publishers, Inc. |location=New York|isbn=978-1604062564 |pages=33}}</ref> PEL can also be expressed as 100 percent “dose” for noise exposure. When the noise exposure increases by 5&nbsp;dB, the exposure time is cut in half.<ref>{{cite web |title=OSHA Fact Sheet |url=https://www.osha.gov/Publications/laboratory/OSHAfactsheet-laboratory-safety-noise.pdf |website=OSHA |access-date=21 November 2018}}</ref> According to OSHA, a 95dBA TWA would be a 200 percent dose.<ref>{{cite web |title=Permissible Noise Exposures |url=https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/noisehearingconservation/pel.html |website=OSHA |access-date=20 November 2018}}</ref> PEL is exceeded when TWA > 90 dBA. OSHA requires feasible engineering OR [[administrative controls]], and mandatory hearing protection when the PEL is exceeded.

===MSHA===
Like OSHA, [[Mine Safety and Health Administration]] (MSHA) also uses the same 5 decibel exchange rate and 90 dBA for an 8-hour TWA for their PEL. Once a miner's noise exposure exceeds the PEL, feasible engineering AND administrative controls must be in place to try to limit the noise exposure of the employees. If a mine operator uses administrative controls, procedures for such controls must be posted on the bulletin board and a copy must be supplied to all affected employees.<ref>{{cite web |title=62.130 Permissible Exposure Limit |url=https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=28741a401b0e74a8d116a4d905dd89b6&mc=true&node=pt30.1.62&rgn=div5#se30.1.62_1130 |website=Government Publishing Office |access-date=20 November 2018}}</ref>

===NIOSH===
The [[National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health]] (NIOSH) [[Recommended Exposure Limit]] (REL) for noise exposure uses a 3 decibel exchange rate. The recommendation for occupational noise exposure is 85 decibels (dBA) for an 8-hour TWA. For every 3&nbsp;dB over 85, the exposure time is cut in half. NIOSH reports exposures above this level are considered hazardous. NIOSH uses a hierarchy of control to reduce or remove hazardous noise.<ref>{{cite web |title=Controls for Noise Exposure |url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noisecontrol/default.html |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=22 November 2018|date=2018-11-09 }}</ref>