Editing Perth Football Club (section)

==History==
Formed in 1899, Perth is the fourth-oldest of the nine WAFL clubs. The club played its early football in the Perth First Rate Junior Competition before replacing Rovers mid-way during the 1899 WAFA season after {{WAFL|Rov}} was unable to continue.<ref name=fullpointsfooty1>Devaney, John; ''Full Points Footy's WA Football Companion''; p. 218. {{ISBN|978-0-9556897-1-0}}</ref> The club enjoyed success in the latter part of the [[1900s (decade)|1900s]], winning its first premiership in controversial circumstances in [[1907 WAFL season|1907]]: the club originally lost the [[1907 WAFL Grand Final|grand final]] against {{WAFL|EF}} by five points, but this was amended to a one-point victory after Perth successfully protested that the free kick from which one of East Fremantle's goals was scored was awarded after the half time bell. The two clubs faced each other again in the 1908 and 1909 grand finals, East Fremantle victorious on both occasions.

[[File:Perth_Football_Club_23_Oct_1909_Western_Mail_Perth.png|thumb|Perth's Grand Final team from 1909]]
Perth remained competitive for the following decade despite a brief lapse that saw them fall to last in 1912. In the 1915 Grand Final they dominated against [[Subiaco Football Club|Subiaco]] but could not convert, losing a low-scoring game 2.7 (19) to 3.3 (21). During the war years Perth continued to be prominent, finishing third in each of 1916, 1917 and 1918, but following the end of the war Perth (or '''Victoria Park''' as they were known [[1934 WANFL season|in 1934]] and [[1935 WANFL season|1935]]) was to have a long period in the doldrums. In the twenty-five open-age seasons from 1919 to 1946 Perth played in the finals only three times for just one win over East Perth [[1934 WANFL season|in 1934]]. This record is made much worse by the fact that up to 1925 before {{WAFL|CC}} were admitted four of six teams played off and [[1933 WANFL season|to 1933]] four of seven did so. From 1921 to 1923 the club suffered the ignominy of a hat-trick of wooden spoons, and though it became more competitive in the ensuing decade only in 1927, 1934 and 1939 did the Redlegs win more games than they lost. Despite the team's lack of collective success, Perth in the inter-war years was home to a number of outstanding players, including ruckman/forward [[Doug Oliphant]], pacy centreman [[Cyril Hoft]] and full-forwards Alan Evans (who against East Fremantle in 1921 kicked thirteen of fourteen goals<ref>'East Fremantle Again Defeated'; in ''[[The West Australian]]''; 5 September 1921; p. 10</ref>) and [[Albert Gook]].

Like most clubs, Perth lost a number of players due to the [[First World War|First]] and [[Second World War]]s, with many players enlisted in the [[Australian Defence Force]]. In total, nineteen Perth players were killed on active duty in the two wars. [[Anthony Alexander Forrest]], who played two games for the club in 1900, was killed in the [[Second Boer War]] in 1901.<ref>Davies, Steve, and Greg Wardell-Johnson (2009). [http://www.wafootball.com.au/resources/doc_download/8-players-killed-in-the-line-of-duty WA FOOTBALL LEAGUE WAR CASUALTIES] – West Australian Football League. Published October 2009. Retrieved 4 April 2012.</ref>

===Postwar power and relocation===
Despite its failures at senior level up to 1946, Perth reached the preliminary final of the [[1944 WANFL season|1944 underage competition]], and aided by inequitable [[zoning (Australian rules football)|metropolitan zoning]],<ref>Barker, Anthony J.; ''Behind the Play: A History of Football in Western Australia'', pp. 98–99. {{ISBN|0975242709}}</ref>{{ref label|population|a|a}} this group of young players allowed the club to become finals regulars along with {{WAFL|WP}}, {{WAFL|SF}} and {{WAFL|EF}} from 1947 to 1951. Perth eventually settled as third in the WANFL pecking order during this period, and surprisingly even took a first-ever minor premiership in 1949 before making its first grand final for thirty-four years, only to lose to a more hardened West Perth. In 1950 they reversed the 1949 Grand Final result against the Cardinals but lost narrowly to an inaccurate South Fremantle in the premiership decider.

The next four years saw Perth decline somewhat, winning only six games in 1952 and being unconvincing against the might of South Fremantle and West Perth in the other three seasons. However, with champion ruckman [[Merv McIntosh]] desperate to see his team with a premiership, Perth under experienced former [[Carlton Football Club|Carlton]] centreman [[Ern Henfry]] and captain Keith Harper, improved in 1955 to win fourteen of twenty minor round games and defeat the Cardinals in the first semi-final. They then upset South by twelve points and came back on a windy day to defeat East Fremantle by two points in the [[1955 WANFL Grand Final]] for their first premiership in forty-eight years. McIntosh crowned his last game winning the [[Simpson Medal]] for best on field.

In the following four years Perth remained a force – most notably in nearly keeping East Perth goalless on a rain-drenched WACA in early 1956<ref>See ''[[The Sunday Times (Western Australia)|The Sunday Times]]''; 13 May 1956; p. 15</ref> – but could never overcome the Royals or East Fremantle in the finals. In order to draw closer to their metropolitan recruiting zone on the southern side of [[Swan River (Western Australia)|the Swan River]], the club moved in 1959 to a new home at [[Lathlain Park]]. Their first game there was on [[Anzac Day]] and they beat Swan Districts, but that year ended ingloriously against [[Subiaco Football Club|Subiaco]] – for years the WANFL's "chopping block" – who in their first final since Perth's rise to power in 1947 kicked an amazing 16.8 (104) in the third quarter.

===1960s and 1970s dynasties===
Perth took a while to recover from this caning and finished seventh, sixth and sixth in the following three seasons, but aided by a vigorous junior football council and strong support from local businesses, the Demons soon returned as a force despite twice failing in the finals in 1963 and 1964 and dropping to fifth in 1965 with ten wins from twenty-one games.

The appointment of [[Mal Atwell|Malcolm Atwell]] as captain-coach in 1966 was at first controversial, but with such young players as [[Barry Cable]], Perth more than fulfilled the most sanguine expectations. The Demons thrashed South Fremantle by 143 points in the opening game and from then on were always the team to beat, scoring a 16-point win over East Perth in the 1966 Grand Final. The next year, in 1967, the same clubs played off with a similar result – with the margin stretched to 18 points. Then in 1968 it was Perth, again over East Perth, by 24 points. In each case Perth was led by Atwell, with Cable collecting three Simpson Medals for brilliant best-on-ground roving performances. [[1970 WANFL season|In 1970]] the Demons were favoured to win a fourth flag in five years, but were convincingly upset by South Fremantle despite having more scoring shots.

1971, despite the return of [[Barry Cable]] from [[North Melbourne Football Club|North Melbourne]] where he had transferred in 1970, saw Perth decline abruptly to seventh or eight with only eight wins and a draw, and after a return to third in 1972, Cable's last year with the club in 1973 saw them win only six games (their worst year since 1941 when they won only four matches). Perth, however, rebounded under the coaching of former captain and 1955 premiership player [[Ken Armstrong (Australian rules footballer)|Ken Armstrong]]. He took their 1974 team, skippered by the versatile Bob Shields, into the Grand Final. Though wingman David Pretty won the Simpson Medal, Perth failed against [[East Fremantle]], and missed the finals in 1975. However, despite not being perfectly consistent during the home-and-away round, the Demons under new captain Colin Lofts clicked when it counted, taking out the 1976 Grand Final by 23 points, again at the expense of East Perth. Courageous defender, Mal Day, won the Simpson Medal for an outstanding game. Except when affected by a major injury to star rover [[Robert Wiley]], the Demons dominated in 1977, capping the season off with a record 26.13 (169) [[1977 WANFL Grand Final|Grand Final]] winning score against East Fremantle. Ruckman Wim Rosbender marked his best season, winning the Simpson Medal.

Armstrong and new captain Ken Inman had high hopes of another premiership hat-trick with big wins during the 1978 season. Their goal was denied by just two points in a grand final marred by very wet conditions.

===Long-term decline===
After three decades among the WANFL elite, Perth declined abruptly in 1979, winning only eight games of twenty-one and finishing a distant sixth. The departure of Armstrong to Subiaco in 1980 only made things worse: despite the presence of a fine coach in [[Alan Joyce (footballer)|Alan Joyce]] for two seasons, Perth never improved upon 1979's sixth place between 1980 and 1985 and won only 28 of its 126 games. The recruitment of proven coach [[Mal Brown]] that year was hoped to make the Demons a WAFL power, but after finishing third in 1986 the club was devastated by the loss of players to new [[Australian Football League|VFL]] club [[West Coast Eagles|West Coast]] and fell back down the ladder, ultimately taking wooden spoons in 1993 and 1994 and not being able to stay far from the bottom.

During the 1980s and 1990s, the club also had severe financial problems, so bad that [[1990 WASFL season|in 1990]] after losing revenue from gate pooling and the WAFC being forced to pay the West Coast Eagles' licence fee as its holder, the Demons had to raise [[Australian dollar|$]]100,000 to avoid folding at the close of the season.<ref>Reid, Russell; 'Demons' Crisis'; ''[[The West Australian]]'', 19 June 1990, p. 112</ref> There were unsuccessful plans by the WAFL to relocate the Demons to the [[Perth Hills]] to capture expanding outer suburbs as West Perth did by moving to Joondalup,<ref>'Research Helps WAFL Plan for the Future' in ''The Game''; p. 11; from ''The West Australian''; 3 June 1996</ref> but in spite of the trouble many players had travelling to Lathlain, the Perth board voted by 115 to 83 to remain there on 11 July [[1995 WAFL season|1995]].<ref>Lague, Steve; 'Members Vote to Keep Perth at Lathlain'; ''The West Australian'', 12 July 1995, p. 122</ref> Continuing financial losses reached a peak in 1997.

Despite an inglorious start with its lowest score since 1952 against [[Swan Districts Football Club|Swan Districts]], 1997 saw the Demons play consistently enough to record their best home-and-away performance for nineteen years, missing out on the double chance by only five percent from East Fremantle. The manner in which the Demons reversed a last round loss to East Perth by eleven goals in the first semi final might have made people think at the very least a grand final berth was forthcoming, but South Fremantle put paid to that with a six-goal win in the preliminary final.

Suffering from internal dissent as presidents Barry McGrath and Nick Catalano were opposed by the board over not only relocation, which most other members opposed in favour of a better deal from the West Australian Football Commission,<ref>East, Alan (2005); ''From Redlegs to Demons : A History of the Perth Football Club from 1899''; p. 165</ref> but also the admission of {{WAFL|PT}},<ref>East; ''From Redlegs to Demons''; p. 202</ref> Perth immediately returned to the basement. [[1998 Westar Rules season|In 1998]] with the loss of key players [[Brett Spinks]], [[Winston Abraham]], Shane Cable, Matthew McMurray, Dean Bertram and Darren Rigby,<ref>Reid, Russell; 'Irving Sets Up Subiaco Success'; in ''The Game'', p. 11. From ''[[The West Australian]]'', 11 May 1998</ref> the Demons won a mere four games and in 2000 were very lucky not to have their first [[imperfect season|winless season]], beating Swan Districts in the final round. Despite the recruitment of a proven coach in [[Stan Magro]], Perth were not able to sustain improvements to a 50/50 win–loss ratio in 2002 and 2004.

In 2005 the Demons won only three games, and then recruitment of another high-profile coach in former [[North Adelaide Football Club|North Adelaide]], [[Norwood Football Club|Norwood]] and [[Adelaide Crows]] champion [[Andrew Jarman]] collapsed completely after a promising 2009 season: the Demons won only two games [[2010 WAFL season|in 2010]] for their fourteenth wooden spoon. The cycle was repeated even more dramatically in 2014: the Demons had looked like a first league finals berth since 1997 before fading and had had both lower grades make the top four in 2013, but in 2014 after winning their opening two matches an injury crisis and off-field dissent wrecked Perth to such an extent that it won only one more match for its fifteenth wooden spoon and ninth since 1981.  The club under coach [[Earl Spalding]] led the Demons to being more competitive after his appointment in 2015, the club's 120 year in 2019 saw them narrowly missed the finals by percentage despite winning their first five games but had to win the last game against [[Peel Thunder Football Club|Peel Thunder]] but lost by three points to miss out, the next season Perth made their first finals series in 23 years in Spalding's final season as coach in a shortened season due to [[COVID-19 pandemic in Australia|COVID]] winning their final regular season game by 5 points versus the eventual premier [[South Fremantle Football Club|South Fremantle]] before losing to [[West Perth Football Club|West Perth]] in a semi final by 11 points.