Editing Phalarope (section)

==Taxonomy==
The [[genus]] ''Phalaropus'' was introduced by French zoologist [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson]] in 1760 with the red phalarope (''Phalaropus fulicarius'') as the [[type species]].<ref>{{ cite book | last=Brisson | first=Mathurin Jacques | author-link=Mathurin Jacques Brisson | year=1760 | title=Ornithologie, ou, Méthode Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en Ordres, Sections, Genres, Especes & leurs Variétés | language=fr, la | at=[https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36010448 Vol. 1, p. 50], [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36210822 Vol. 6, p. 12] | place=Paris | publisher=Jean-Baptiste Bauche }}</ref><ref>{{ cite book | editor-last=Peters | editor-first=James Lee | editor-link=James L. Peters | year=1934 | title=Check-list of Birds of the World | volume=2 | publisher=Harvard University Press | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts  | page=292 | url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14483105 }}</ref>  The English and genus names come through French ''phalarope'' and scientific [[Latin]] ''Phalaropus'' from [[Ancient Greek]] ''phalaris'', "coot", and ''pous'', "foot". Coots and phalaropes both have lobed toes.<ref name=OED>{{Cite OED |Phalarope}}</ref><ref name=job>{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher= Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | page=[https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n301 301]}}</ref>

The genus contains three species:<ref name=ioc>{{cite web | editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | year=2019 | title=Buttonquail, plovers, seedsnipe, sandpipers | work=World Bird List Version 9.1 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/buttonquail/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=3 April 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181221182944/https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/buttonquail/ | archive-date=21 December 2018 | url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{Species table |genus= Phalaropus |authority-name=[[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]] |authority-year=1760 |species-count=three|no-note=y|narrow-percent=75}}

{{Species table/row
|name=[[Wilson's phalarope]] |binomial=[[Phalaropus tricolor]]
|image=File:Wilson's Phalarope, Oregon 03 (cropped).jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=|image-caption= Breeding plumage
|image2 =File:Wilson's Phalarope, Oregon 02.jpg|image2-caption=Non-Breeding plumage
|authority-name=Vieillot |authority-year= 1819|authority-not-original=yes
|range=  North America in western Canada and the western United States. 
|range-image=File:Phalaropus tricolor map.svg
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}

{{Species table/row
|name= [[Red-necked phalarope]]|binomial=[[Phalaropus lobatus]]
|image=File:RedNeckedPhalaropeIceland2006.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=|image-caption= Breeding plumage
|image2 =File:Red-necked phalarope at JBWR (41244).jpg|image2-caption=Non-Breeding plumage
|authority-name=Linnaeus |authority-year=1758 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=  Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia.
|range-image=File:Phalaropus lobatus distribution.png
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}

{{Species table/row
|name= [[Red phalarope]]|binomial=[[Phalaropus fulicarius]]
|image=File:Phalaropus fulicarius 98755138 (cropped).jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=|image-caption= Breeding plumage
|image2 =File:Phalaropus fulicarius 108504718 (cropped).jpg|image2-caption=Non-Breeding plumage
|authority-name=Linnaeus |authority-year=1758 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=  Arctic regions of North America and Eurasia. I
|range-image=File:Phalaropus fulicarius distribution.png
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}

{{Species table/end}}


A [[fossil]] species, ''P. elenorae'', is known from the Middle [[Pliocene]] 4–3 [[million years ago]] (Mya). A [[coracoid]] fragment from the Late [[Oligocene]] (23 Mya) near [[Créchy]], [[France]], was also ascribed to a primitive phalarope;<ref name=Hugueney/> it might belong to an early species of the present genus or a prehistoric relative. The divergence of phalaropes from their closest relatives can be dated to around that time, as evidenced by the fossil record (chiefly of the shanks) and supported by tentative [[DNA sequence]] data.<ref name=Mlikovsky/><ref name=Paton/> Of note, the last remains of the [[Turgai Sea]] disappeared around then, and given the distribution of their fossil species, this process probably played a major role in separating the lineages of the shank-phalarope clade.