Editing Photography (section)

== Etymology ==
The word "photography" was created from the Greek roots {{Lang|grc|φωτός|italic=no}} (''{{Lang|grc-latn|phōtós}}''), genitive of {{Lang|grc|φῶς|italic=no}} (''{{Lang|grc-latn|phōs}}''), "light"<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dfa%2Fos φάος] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525100137/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dfa%2Fos |date=25 May 2013}}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus</ref> and {{Lang|grc|γραφή|italic=no}} (''{{Lang|grc-latn|graphé}}'') "representation by means of lines" or "drawing",<ref>{{Cite web |title=Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, γρα^φ-ή |url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=grafh/ |access-date=2024-03-01 |website=www.perseus.tufts.edu}}</ref> together meaning "drawing with light".<ref>{{OEtymD|photograph}}</ref>

Several people may have coined the same new term from these roots independently. [[Hercules Florence|Hércules Florence]], a French painter and inventor living in Campinas, [[Brazil]], used the French form of the word, ''{{Lang|fr|photographie}}'', in private notes which a Brazilian historian believes were written in 1834.<ref>{{cite book |author=Boris Kossoy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wCoQAAAACAAJ |title=Hercule Florence: El descubrimiento de la fotografía en Brasil |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia |year=2004 |isbn=978-968-03-0020-4 |access-date=13 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160428232804/https://books.google.com/books?id=wCoQAAAACAAJ |archive-date=28 April 2016 |url-status=}}</ref> This claim is widely reported but is not yet largely recognized internationally. The first use of the word by Florence became widely known after the research of Boris Kossoy in 1980.<ref>{{cite book |author=Kossoy |first=Boris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7k_pK4m0D8gC |title=Hercule Florence: a descoberta isolada da fotografia no Brasil |publisher=São Paulo: Duas Cidades |year=1980 |isbn=9788531409448}}</ref>

On 25 February 1839, the German newspaper ''{{Lang|de|[[Vossische Zeitung]]}}'' published an article titled ''{{Lang|de|Photographie}}'', discussing several priority claims, especially that of [[Henry Fox Talbot]]'s, in relation to Daguerre's claim of invention.<ref>{{cite web |date=Mar 28, 2015 |title=Who First Used the Word Photography? |url=https://photophys.com/photophys/entry/who-first-used-the-word |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118165646/http://photophys.com/photophys/entry/who-first-used-the-word |archive-date=18 January 2017 |access-date=2019-06-25 |website=Photophys}}</ref> The article is the earliest known occurrence of the word in public print.<ref>{{cite book
| last1      = Mathur
| first1     = P.
| last2      = Mathur
| first2     = K.
| last3      = Mathur
| first3     = S.
| title      = Developments and Changes in Science Based Technologies
| publisher  = Partridge Publishing
| date       = 6 Mar 2014
| page       = 50
| isbn = 9781482813982
| url        = https://books.google.com/books?id=2mCEAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA50
| access-date = 25 June 2019
}}</ref> It was signed "J.M.", believed to have been Berlin astronomer [[Johann von Maedler]].<ref name="Eder">{{Cite book
| last        = Eder
| first       = J.M.
| title       = History of Photography, 4th. edition
| trans-title = Geschichte der Photographie
| year        = 1945
| orig-year    = 1932
| publisher   = Dover Publications, Inc.
| location    = New York
| pages       = 258–59
| isbn        = 978-0-486-23586-8
}}</ref> The astronomer [[John Herschel]] is also credited with coining the word, independent of Talbot, in 1839.<ref>{{Cite web
| url          = http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/artists/1881/sir-john-frederick-william-herschel-british-1792-1871/
| title        = Sir John Frederick William Herschel (British, 1792–1871) (Getty Museum)
| website      = The J. Paul Getty in Los Angeles
| language     = en
| access-date  = 2019-06-20
| archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20181001010705/http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/artists/1881/sir-john-frederick-william-herschel-british-1792-1871/
| archive-date = 1 October 2018
| url-status   = live
}}</ref>

The inventors [[Nicéphore Niépce]], Talbot, and [[Louis Daguerre]] seem not to have known or used the word "photography", but referred to their processes as "Heliography" (Niépce), "Photogenic Drawing"/"Talbotype"/"Calotype" (Talbot), and "Daguerreotype" (Daguerre).<ref name="Eder" />