Editing Pipeline (Unix) (section)

==History==
The pipeline concept was invented by [[Douglas McIlroy]]<ref name="crea">{{cite web |title=The Creation of the UNIX Operating System |url=http://csdev.cas.upm.edu.ph/~pfalcone/compsci/unix/unix-history1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040914025332/http://csdev.cas.upm.edu.ph/~pfalcone/compsci/unix/unix-history1.html |archive-date=September 14, 2004 |publisher=Bell Labs}}</ref> and first described in the [[man pages]] of [[Version 3 Unix]].<ref name="reader">{{cite tech report|first1=M. D.|last1=McIlroy|author-link1=Doug McIlroy|year=1987|url=http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~doug/reader.pdf|title=A Research Unix reader: annotated excerpts from the Programmer's Manual, 1971–1986|series=CSTR|number=139|institution=Bell Labs}}</ref><ref>{{cite tech report|date=February 1973|vauthors=Thompson K, Ritchie DM|author-link1=Ken Thompson|author-link2=Dennis Ritchie|url=https://dspinellis.github.io/unix-v3man/v3man.pdf#page=178|title=UNIX Programmer's Manual Third Edition|institution=Bell Labs|edition=3rd|page=178}}</ref> McIlroy noticed that much of the time [[Unix shell|command shells]] passed the output file from one program as input to another. The concept of pipelines was championed by [[Douglas McIlroy]] at [[Unix]]'s ancestral home of [[Bell Labs]], during the development of Unix, shaping its [[Unix philosophy|toolbox philosophy]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Mahoney |first=Michael S. |title=The Unix Oral History Project: Release.0, The Beginning |url=http://www.princeton.edu/~hos/Mahoney/expotape.htm |quote=McIlroy: It was one of the only places where I very nearly exerted managerial control over Unix, was pushing for those things, yes.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Prophetic Petroglyphs |url=http://www.bell-labs.com/usr/dmr/www/mdmpipe.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990508221104/http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/mdmpipe.html |archive-date=8 May 1999 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.bell-labs.com}}</ref>

His ideas were implemented in 1973 when ("in one feverish night", wrote McIlroy) [[Ken Thompson]] added the <code>pipe()</code> system call and pipes to the [[Thompson shell|shell]] and several utilities in Version 3 Unix. "The next day", McIlroy continued, "saw an unforgettable orgy of one-liners as everybody joined in the excitement of plumbing." McIlroy also credits Thompson with the <code>|</code> notation, which greatly simplified the description of pipe syntax in [[Version 4 Unix|Version 4]].<ref>{{cite web |date=August 23, 2006 |orig-date=Created April 29, 2004 |title=Pipes: A Brief Introduction |url=http://www.linfo.org/pipe.html |access-date=January 7, 2024 |publisher=The Linux Information Project}}</ref>{{r|reader}}

Although developed independently, Unix pipes are related to, and were preceded by, the 'communication files' developed by Ken Lochner <ref>{{cite web |title=Dartmouth Timesharing |url=http://www.cs.rit.edu/~swm/history/DTSS.doc |access-date=January 7, 2024 |website=[[Rochester Institute of Technology]] |format=DOC}}</ref> in the 1960s for the [[Dartmouth Time-Sharing System]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Data |url=https://www.bell-labs.com/usr/dmr/www/hist.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990220165130/http://cm.bell-labs.com/who/dmr/hist.html |archive-date=20 February 1999 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.bell-labs.com}}</ref>

===Other operating systems===
{{Main article|Pipeline (software)}}

This feature of [[Unix]] was borrowed by other operating systems, such as [[MS-DOS]] and the [[CMS Pipelines]] package on [[VM/CMS]] and [[MVS]], and eventually came to be designated the [[pipeline (software)|pipes and filters design pattern]] of [[software engineering]].

=== Further concept development ===
In [[Tony Hoare|Tony Hoare's]] [[communicating sequential processes]] (CSP), McIlroy's pipes are further developed.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cox |first=Russ |title=Bell Labs and CSP Threads |url=https://swtch.com/~rsc/thread/ |access-date=January 7, 2024 |website=Swtchboard}}</ref>