Editing Polikarpov Po-2 (section)

==Design and development==
The aircraft was designed by [[Nikolai Polikarpov]] to replace the U-1 trainer (a copy of the British [[Avro 504]]), which was known as ''Avrushka'' to the Soviets.<ref name="Smith">{{cite book |last1=Smith |first1=Peter |title=Combat Biplanes of World War II |date=2014 |publisher=Pen & Sword |location=United Kingdom |isbn=978-1783400546 |pages=666}}</ref>

The prototype of the '''U-2''', powered by a 74&nbsp;kW (99&nbsp;hp) [[Shvetsov M-11]] air-cooled five-cylinder radial engine, first flew on 7 January 1928 piloted by M.M. Gromov.<ref name="Smith" /> Aircraft from the preproduction series were tested at the end of 1928 and serial production started in 1929 in Factory number 23 in Leningrad. Its name was changed to '''Po-2''' in 1944, after Polikarpov's death,<ref name="Smith" /> according to the then-new Soviet naming system, usually using the first two letters of the designer's family name, or the Soviet government-established [[OKB|design bureau]] that created it. Production in the Soviet Union ended in 1953, but license-built CSS-13s were still produced in Poland until 1959.
[[File:Bundeswehrmuseum Dresden 49.jpg|thumb|A Po-2 at a museum in Dresden, Germany]]