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Project Horizon
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==Space transportation system== Horizon was estimated to require 147 early [[Saturn A-1]] rocket launches to loft spacecraft components for assembly in [[low Earth orbit]] at a spent-tank [[space station]]. A lunar landing-and-return vehicle launched on a [[Saturn A-2]] would have shuttled up to 16 astronauts at a time to the base and back. This was in lieu of [[Nova (rocket)|a 12 million-pound thrust superbooster]] required for a direct-ascent lunar flight, which could not possibly be developed in time for the 1966 deployment target. [[Wernher von Braun]], head of ABMA, appointed [[Heinz-Hermann Koelle]] to head the [[Saturn (rocket family)|Saturn development]] project team at [[Redstone Arsenal]].<gallery> File:Project Horizon - 2 man round trip to lunar surface.png|Required launches for a two man round trip to the lunar surface File:Saturn B, 1959.jpg|Saturn A-1 / Saturn I configuration for Project Horizon File:Saturn C, 1959.jpg|Saturn A-2 / Saturn II configuration for Project Horizon File:Horizon LERV.png|Project Horizon Lunar Landing-and-Return Vehicle. File:Project Horizon - Lunar Space Suit.png|Lunar Space Suit </gallery> === Proposed Timeline === *'''1964''': 40 Saturn launches. *'''January 1965''': Cargo delivery to the Moon would begin. *'''April 1965''': The first crewed landing by two soldiers. The build-up and construction phase would continue without interruption until the outpost was ready. *'''November 1966''': Outpost staffed by a task force of 12 soldiers. This program would have required a total of 61 [[Saturn A-1]] and 88 [[Saturn A-2]] launches up to November 1966. During this period the rockets would transport some 220 tonnes of useful cargo to the Moon. *'''December 1966 through 1967''': First operational year of the lunar outpost, with a total of 64 launches scheduled. These would result in an additional 120 tons of useful cargo.
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