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Proof by exhaustion
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==Example== Proof by exhaustion can be used to prove that if an [[integer]] is a [[perfect cube]], then it must be either a multiple of 9, 1 more than a multiple of 9, or 1 less than a multiple of 9.<ref>{{Cite web| url=https://www.m-a.org.uk/resources/2017-Sep-Proof-Glaisters-MiS.pdf| title=Mathematical argument, language and proof β AS/A Level 2017| last=Glaister| first=Elizabeth|last2=Glaister|first2=Paul|date=September 2017|website=Mathematical Association| access-date=October 25, 2019}}</ref> '''Proof''': <br>Each perfect cube is the cube of some integer ''n'', where ''n'' is either a multiple of 3, 1 more than a multiple of 3, or 1 less than a multiple of 3. So these three cases are exhaustive: *Case 1: If ''n'' = 3''p'', then ''n''<sup>3</sup> = 27''p''<sup>3</sup>, which is a multiple of 9. *Case 2: If ''n'' = 3''p'' + 1, then ''n''<sup>3</sup> = 27''p''<sup>3</sup> + 27''p''<sup>2</sup> + 9''p'' + 1, which is 1 more than a multiple of 9. For instance, if ''n'' = 4 then ''n''<sup>3</sup> = 64 = 9Γ7 + 1. *Case 3: If ''n'' = 3''p'' β 1, then ''n''<sup>3</sup> = 27''p''<sup>3</sup> β 27''p''<sup>2</sup> + 9''p'' β 1, which is 1 less than a multiple of 9. For instance, if ''n'' = 5 then ''n''<sup>3</sup> = 125 = 9Γ14 β 1. [[Q.E.D.]]
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