Editing Prosecco (section)

==History==
[[File:Cover Page Il Roccolo Ditirambo by Aureliano Acanti (1754).jpg|thumb|The cover of the book ''Il Roccolo Ditirambo'' (1754), containing for the first time the exact word ''Prosecco'']]
[[File:First verses with word Prosecco.jpg|thumb|The poem where the term ''Prosecco'' appears for the first time within ''Il Roccolo Ditirambo'' (1754), growing on the hill of Monte Berico in Vicenza]]
[[File:Monte Berico dalla Basilica Palladiana.jpg|thumb|Monte Berico's hill in Vicenza (UNESCO), where the first described prosecco was growing]]
[[File:Pentagono del Cartizze 01.jpg|thumb|Vineyards in the Prosecco region of origin (UNESCO)]]
In [[Trieste]] at the beginning of the 16th century, the local wine "[[Ribolla Gialla|Ribolla]]" was promoted as the recreation of the Pucinian<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://drinkaly.com/blogs/vini-vitigni-e-enocultura/ribolla-gialla-un-sapore-millenario-tra-le-colline-friulane |title=Ribolla Gialla: Eleganza e Storia in un Bicchiere di Vino |date=29 February 2024 }}</ref> celebrated by [[Pliny the Elder]] in his ''[[Natural History (Pliny)|Natural History]]'' and praised for its medicinal qualities by [[Livia]], the wife of [[Augustus|Emperor Augustus]].<ref name="Colombo1">{{cite book |first=Fulvio |last=Colombo |title=Prosecco. Patrimonio del Nordest |language=it |publisher=Luglio Editore |location=Trieste |year=2014 |isbn=978-8868030636 }}<br/>{{cite book |title=Prosecco, perché? Le nobili origini di un vino triestino |language=it |publisher=Luglio Editore |location=Trieste |year=2012 |isbn=978-8896940877}}</ref> The need to distinguish the "Ribolla" of Trieste from other wines of the same name, produced in [[Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca|Gorizia]] and at lower cost in [[Istria]], led, at the end of the century, to a change in name. Following the supposed place of production in antiquity, the wine was referred to as "castellum nobile vinum Pucinum", after the castle near the village of Prosecco.<ref name="Colombo1" />

The first known mention of the name ''Prosecco'' is attributed to the Englishman [[Fynes Moryson]], who used the spelling ''Prosecho''. Moryson, visiting the north of Italy in 1593, notes: "[[Istria#Early history|Histria]] is devided into Forum Julii, and Histria properly so called&nbsp;... Here growes the wine Pucinum, now called Prosecho, much celebrated by Pliny." He places Prosecco among the famous wines of Italy: "These are the most famous Wines of Italy. La lagrima di Christo and like wines neere [[Cinque Terre]] in Liguria: La [[Bianchetta Trevigiana|vernazza]], and the white Muskadine, especially that of Montefiaschoni in [[Tuscany]]: Cecubum and [[Falernum]] in the [[Kingdom of Naples]], and Prosecho in Histria."<ref name="Moryson">{{cite book |first=F. |last=Moryson |title=An Itinerary. Containing His Ten Yeeres Travell through the Twelve Dominions of Germany, Bohmerland, Sweitzerland, Netherland, Denmarke, Poland, Italy, Turky, France, England, Scotland & Ireland |volume=IV |pages=80, 103 |location=Glasgow |year=1908}}</ref>
The method of [[Winemaking|vinification]], the true distinguishing feature of the original Prosecco, spread first in Gorizia, then—through [[Venice]]—in [[Dalmatia]],<ref name="Colombo2">{{cite journal |url=http://www.crsrv.org/pdf/Ricerca/La_Ricerca_65.pdf |first=Fulvio |last=Colombo |title=Storie di vini dell'Adriatico. Nuove indagini sulle relazioni tra il Prosecco e il Prošek dalmata |language=it |journal=La Ricerca. Bollettino del Centro di Ricerche Storiche di Rovigno |issue=65 |date=June 2014 |pages=11–13 }}</ref> [[Vicenza]], and [[Treviso]].<ref name="Colombo1" />

In 1754, the spelling ''Prosecco'' appears for the first time in the book ''Il Roccolo Ditirambo'', written by Aureliano Acanti in Novoledo, in the ''[[comune]]'' (municipality) of [[Villaverla]], located in the [[province of Vicenza]]. The wine was then known by the local Slovene-speaking population as Prosegker or Prosekar and was grown on the Adriatic coast near the villages of [[Contovello]], Prosecco, Santa Croce and the former Roman villa town [[Barcola]].

The verses are: {{lang|it|Ed or ora immollarmi voglio il becco Con quel melaromatico prosecco. Di Monteberico questo perfetto prosecco eletto ci da' lo splendido nostro Canonico}} (in Italian), "And now I would like to wet my mouth with that Prosecco with its apple bouquet. From Monteberico this perfect favorite prosecco Our Priest give us.&nbsp;... Mr Priest Jacopo Ghellini brother of Mr Pietro and Mr Marco. Those cavaliers from their estate on the Mount Berico (Monte Berico) collect the Prosecco, that has the most rare qualities, that a wine could have from any other place."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Pagina:Il_Roccolo.djvu/56 |title=History |author=Valeriano Canati |work=Il Roccolo Ditirambo}}</ref> Monte Berico is the hill of the city of [[Vicenza]].

The wine was defined by the grape used to make it, Prosecco. The village of Prosecco was about 150 km from the growing areas, and had never grown the glera grape. British importers started to be interested in importing the wine in quantity; in response the Italian minister of agriculture expanded the ''[[Denominazione di origine controllata#Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC)|denominazione di origine controllata]]'' (DOC) to cover far-away Prosecco. This was followed by claiming [[UNESCO]] World Heritage status for "Prosecco Hills of Conegliano and Valdobbiadene" a few years later.<ref name=ponte>{{cite journal |last=Ponte |first=Stefano |title=Bursting the bubble? The hidden costs and visible conflicts behind the Prosecco wine 'miracle' |journal=Journal of Rural Studies |publisher=Elsevier BV |volume=86 |date=August 2021 |issn=0743-0167 |doi=10.1016/j.jrurstud.2021.07.002 |doi-access=free |pages=542–553}}</ref><ref name=blyth>{{Cite news |title=How the politics of prosecco explain what took the fizz out of the Democrats |last=Blyth |first=Mark |newspaper=The Guardian |date=31 December 2021 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/dec/31/politics-prosecco-democrats-joe-manchin-key-bill}}</ref> Prosecco was introduced into the mainstream US market in 2000 by Mionetto, now the largest US importer of Prosecco, who reported an "incredible growth trend" in 2008.<ref name="Dane"/> According to a 2008 ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' report, Prosecco rose sharply in popularity in markets outside Italy, with global sales growing by double-digit percentages since 1998, aided also by its comparatively low price.<ref name="NYT"/><ref name="Dane"/> The UK became in the mid-2010s the biggest export market for Prosecco, consuming one quarter of all Italian production.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Collins |first=Guy |date=17 May 2016 |title=Prosecco 2016 Output Seen Up as Much as 20% as U.K. Sales Surge |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-05-07/prosecco-2016-output-seen-up-as-much-as-20-as-u-k-sales-surge |website=bloomberg.com |access-date=15 October 2017}}</ref> Production expanded massively, to €500m sales in 2019.<ref name=blyth/>

Until the 2008 vintage Prosecco was protected as a DOC within Italy,<ref name="DuBose">{{cite book |last=DuBose |first=Fred |author2=Spingarn, Evan |author3=Maniscalco, Nancy |title=The Ultimate Wine Lover's Guide 2006 |publisher=Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. |year=2005 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/ultimatewinelov00dubo/page/196 196] |isbn=1-4027-2815-8 |url=https://archive.org/details/ultimatewinelov00dubo |url-access=registration}}</ref> as ''Prosecco di Conegliano-Valdobbiadene'', ''Prosecco di Conegliano'', ''Prosecco di Valdobbiadene'', and ''Prosecco di Colli Asolani''. From 2009, these two area were promoted to DOCG status.<ref>{{cite news |title=Prosecco to become DOCG |author=Natasha Hughes |url=http://www.decanter.com/news/283426.html?aff=rss |work=[[Decanter (magazine)#Decanter.com|decanter.com]] |date=28 May 2009 |access-date=28 May 2009 |quote=The current Prosecco di Conegliano e Valdobbiadene{{sic}} DOC zone became a DOCG from the 2009 vintage. Announcing the move, Prosecco DOC director Giancarlo Vettorello said that the IGT zone, which lies in the plains between Friuli and Veneto, will be upgraded to DOC status. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091214030805/http://www.decanter.com/news/283426.html?aff=rss |archive-date=14 December 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref> To further protect the name, an association of traditional Prosecco growers advocated a [[protected designation of origin]] (PDO) status for northern Italian Prosecco under European law.<ref name="NYT"/> Hence, since 1 January 2010, Prosecco is, according to an order of the Italian Minister of Agriculture of 17 July 2009, no longer the name of a grape variety (now to be called [[Glera (grape)|Glera]]), but exclusively a [[geographical indication]]. This was confirmed by EG-Regulation Nr. 1166/2009 of 30 November 2009.<ref>[http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:314:0027:0028:EN:PDF EG Verordnung Nr. 1166/2009 of 30 November 2009].</ref> The Colli Asolani Prosecco Superiore DOCG later changed its name to Asolo Prosecco Superiore DOCG in 2014.