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Pub session
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== History == Singing and consuming alcohol have been practised together from ancient times,{{when|date=September 2018}} but the written evidence is fragmentary until the 16th century. In [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]]'s [[Henry IV, Part 1|''Henry IV'']], Hal and [[Falstaff]] discuss drinking and playing the "tongs and the bones". There are depictions of pub singing in paintings by Teniers (1610β1690), Brouwer (1605/6-1638) and [[Jan Steen]] (1625/5-1656). === 1800 to 1950 === The 1830 Beer Act abolished the levy on beer - within a single year 400 new pubs opened, and within 8 years there were 46,000.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.oldcannonbrewery.co.uk/5.html |title=History |date=2007-01-10 |access-date=2018-03-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070110215128/http://www.oldcannonbrewery.co.uk/5.html |archive-date=10 January 2007 }}</ref> This number peaked in the 1870s and declined after 1900. By the 1850s, an increasing number of student songs and commercial song-books were published across Europe. The most famous was the ''Scottish Students' Song Book'' by [[John Stuart Blackie]] (1809β1895). The mixture of traditional songs with hints of erotic humour continues to this day. The Irish tradition also benefited from the compilation of O'Neill's ''Music of Ireland'', a compilation of 1,850 pieces of Irish session and dance music, published initially by [[Francis O'Neill]] (1848β1936) in 1903. One of the most popular drinking songs, "[[Little Brown Jug (song)|Little Brown Jug]]," dates from the 1860s. By 1908 [[Percy Grainger]] had begun to record folk singers, but not in their natural habitatβthe pub. In 1938 [[A.L. Lloyd]] persuaded his employers at the [[BBC]] to record the singers in the Eel's Foot pub in Eastbridge, [[Suffolk]]. At The Eel's Foot, 1939β47, the songs performed included: "False Hearted Knight", "The Dark-Eyed Sailor", "The Princess Royal", "The [[Foggy Dew (English song)|Foggy Dew]]", "Underneath Her Apron", "Pleasant and Delightful", "The Blackbird." Surprisingly, one of the songs was "Poor Man's Heaven" an American IWW song ([[Industrial Workers of the World]]), dating from about 1920. The oldest singer there was William "Velvet" Brightwell (1865β1960). In 1947 the BBC made more recordings there and broadcast them as "Anglia Sings" on 19 November 1947. Almost all of the participants were in their 50s and 60s. Six years later the first folk club opened in [[Newcastle upon Tyne]], and the average age was in the 20s.
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