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Pyatigorsk
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==Overview== The name is derived from the fused Russian words "{{lang|ru|ะฟััั ะณะพั}}" (''five mountains'') and the city is so called because of the five peaks of the [[Beshtau]] (which also means ''five mountains'' in [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]) of the [[Caucasus Mountains]] overlooking the city. Founded in 1780,<ref name="megabook" /> it has been a health spa with [[mineral spring]]s since 1803, as part of the [[Caucasian Mineral Waters]]. Russian poet [[Mikhail Lermontov]] was shot dead by Nikolai Martynov in a [[duel]] at Pyatigorsk on July 27, 1841. There is a museum in the city devoted to his memory. [[Zionist]] activist [[Joseph Trumpeldor]] was born in Pyatigorsk.
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