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Rainbow Serpent
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== Names in different cultures == [[File:Myndie (Aborigines of Victoria).png|right|thumb|Myndie {{circa|1878}}|alt=Myndie as represented by Aborigines of Victoria, circa 1878.]] The Rainbow Serpent is known by different names by the many [[List of Australian Aboriginal group names|different Aboriginal cultures]]. ''Yurlunggur'' is the name of the "rainbow serpent" according to the Murngin ([[Yolngu]]) in north-eastern Arnhemland,<ref>{{harvp|Warner|1937|pp=254–257}} ''et passim''. (also discussed in {{harvp|Róheim|1951|p=185}}, repr. {{harvp|Róheim|2021|p=143}}).</ref> also styled ''Yurlungur'',<ref name=cotterell/><ref name="Mercatante and Dow" /> ''Yulunggur'',<ref name=Berndt_C_H/><ref name=Hargrave/> ''Jurlungur'',{{sfnp|Mountford|1978|pp=79–78}} Julunggur{{sfnp|Brandenstein|1982|p=64}} or ''Julunggul''.<ref>{{harvp|Elkin|Berndt|Berndt|1950|p=32–33, 38–39, 41}} (also discussed in {{harvp|Róheim|1951|p=182}}, repr. {{harvp|Róheim|2021|p=141}}).</ref><ref name=Grove/> The Yurlunggur was considered "the great father".<ref name=cotterell/> The serpent is called ''Witij''/''Wititj'' by the [[Galpu]] clan of the [[Dhangu people]], one of Yolngu peoples.<ref name=Bird /><ref name=buku>{{cite web|url=https://hollowlogdidgeridoos.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Djalu-Gurruwiwi.pdf|title=Djalu' Gurruwiwi|publisher=Buku-Larrnggay Mulka Centre|via=Hollow Logs Didgeridoos|date=2015|access-date=19 January 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200119082252/https://hollowlogdidgeridoos.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Djalu-Gurruwiwi.pdf| archive-date=19 January 2020}}</ref> ''Kanmare'' is the name of the great water serpent in Queensland{{efn|The first example in the 1926 rainbow serpent paper by Radcliffe-Brown.}} among the [[Pitapita]] people of the [[Boulia, Queensland|Boulia District]]; it is apparently a giant [[Morelia spilota variegata|carpet snake]], and recorded under the name ''Cunmurra'' further south.{{efn|Given as ''Cunmurra'' in Duncan-Kemp (1933), in here reminiscences at "Mooraberrie homestead, {{convert|138|mi|km}} west of [[Windorah]]"; Mooraberrie Station being approximately {{convert|180|mi|km}} south of Boulia.}}{{Refn|Roth (1897)<ref name=roth1897/> cited in {{harvp|Radcliffe-Brown|1926|p=19}}}}{{Refn|Johnston (1943), p. 289<ref name=johnston/> citing Roth (1897)<ref name=roth1897/> and Duncan-Kemp (1933).<ref name=duncan-kemp/>}} The same snake is called ''Tulloun'' among the [[Maithakari|Mitakoodi]] (Maithakari).{{sfnp|Radcliffe-Brown|1926|p=19}} Two mythical ''Kooremah'' of the Mycoolon ([[Maikulan]]) tribe of Queensland, are cosmic carpet snakes 40 miles long, residing in watery realm of the dead, or on the pathway leading to it;<ref name=palmer/> this is probably equivalent to the rainbow snake also.{{Refn|{{harvp|Radcliffe-Brown|1926|p=20}}, citing Palmer.<ref name=palmer/>}} Other names include: {{div col|colwidth=30em}} *''Bolung'' in the Northern Territory, by the Dangbon/[[Dalabon people|Dalabon]]/Buan and [[Rembarrnga]]<ref name="Taylor1996"/><ref name=Maddock2/><!--Buan Maddock, p. 102--> * ''muitj'' (var. Moitt, Muit <!--ref name="Mercatante and Dow" /-->) in Central Arnhemland{{sfnp|Elkin|1961|p=4}} by the Rembarrnga<!--Rainbarngo/Ranjbarngo-->,{{sfnp|Maddock|1978b|p=105}} etc. *''Ngalyod''{{Refn|group="lower-alpha"|Or ''Ngalmudj''.<ref name="Taylor1996"/>}} by the [[Gunwinggu|Kunwinjku]]<ref name="Mercatante and Dow" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Garde |first1=Murray |title=ngalyod |url=https://www.njamed.com/#ngalyod |website=Bininj Kunwok online dictionary |publisher=Bininj Kunwok Regional Language Centre |access-date=16 June 2019}}</ref> *''Yingarna'', the original (female) Rainbow Serpent, whose son is Ngalyod, though these names may be used interchangeably{{Refn|{{harvp|Taylor|1990|p=330}} and 1996.<ref name="Taylor1996"/>}}<ref name=Carroll /> *''Dhakkan'' (or ''Takkan'') by the [[Gubbi Gubbi]] (Kabi){{sfnp|Radcliffe-Brown|1926|p=}} * ''Andrénjinyi'' by the natives of Pennefather River, North Queensland<ref name=roth-andrenjinyi>{{harvp|Roth|1903}}, Bulletin 5, [https://books.google.com/books?id=i4cwAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA4-PA10 p. 10], cited in {{harvp|Radcliffe-Brown|1926|p=19}}</ref> *''Kajura'' by the [[Ingarda]]{{sfnp|Radcliffe-Brown|1926|p=}} *''Goorialla'' by the [[Lardil people]]<ref name=Roughsey /> *''Wanampi'' by the [[Aṉangu]]<ref name=Young/> *''Kunmanggur'' by the [[Murinbata]]<ref name="Mercatante and Dow" /> *''Numereji'' by the [[Gaagudju|Kakadu]] (Gaagudju){{sfnp|Radcliffe-Brown|1926|p=24}} *''Taipan'' by the [[Wikmunkan]]<ref name="Mercatante and Dow" /> *[[Wagyl]] by the [[Noongar people|Noongar]]<ref name=Trails /> *''Wanamangura'' by the [[Thalanyji]] (Talainji){{sfnp|Radcliffe-Brown|1926|p=}} *''Galeru''<ref name="Mercatante and Dow" /> *''Langal''<ref name="Mercatante and Dow" /> *''Myndie''{{sfnp|Mountford|1978|pp=31–32}} *''Ungur''<ref name="Mercatante and Dow" /> *''[[Wollunqua]]'' by the [[Warumungu]]<ref name="Mercatante and Dow" /> *''Wonambi''<ref name="Mercatante and Dow" /> *''Wonungar''<ref name="Mercatante and Dow" /> *''Worombi''<ref name="Mercatante and Dow" /> *''Yero''<ref name="Mercatante and Dow" /> {{div end}}
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