Editing Raymond Aron (section)

==Life and career==
Born in Paris, the son of a [[Secularity|secular]] [[Jewish]] [[lawyer]], Aron studied at the [[École Normale Supérieure]], where he met [[Jean-Paul Sartre]], who became his friend and later his lifelong intellectual opponent.<ref name="Garland"/> He was a [[Rational humanism|rational humanist]],<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R_pN217buekC&pg=PA170|title=Raymond Aron: The Recovery of the Political|first=Brian C.|last=Anderson|year=1997|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|access-date=16 February 2019|via=Google Books|isbn=978-0847687589}}</ref><ref>Aron (1994) ''In Defense of Political Reason'', p. 170.</ref> and a leader among those who did not embrace [[existentialism]].<ref name="Carruth1993p932">Carruth, Gorton (1993) ''The Encyclopedia of World Facts and Dates'', p. [[iarchive:encyclopediaofwo00carr|932]].</ref> Aron took first place in the ''[[agrégation]]'' of philosophy in 1928, the year Sartre failed the same exam. In 1930, he received a [[doctorate]] in the [[philosophy of history]] from the [[École Normale Supérieure]].

He had been teaching [[social philosophy]] at the [[University of Toulouse]] for only a few weeks when [[World War II]] began; he joined the [[Armée de l'Air]]. When France was defeated, he left for [[London]] to join the [[Free French]] forces, editing the newspaper, ''[[France Libre]]'' (Free France).

When the war ended Aron returned to [[Paris]] to teach [[sociology]] at the [[École Nationale d'Administration]] and [[Sciences Po]]. From 1955 to 1968, he taught at the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]], and after 1970 at the [[Collège de France]] as well as the [[École des hautes études en sciences sociales]] (EHESS). In 1953, he befriended the young American philosopher [[Allan Bloom]], who was teaching at the Sorbonne.

A lifelong [[Journalism|journalist]], Aron in 1947 became an influential [[columnist]] for ''[[Le Figaro]]'',<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mazgaj|first=Paul|date=2020-11-11|title=Raymond Aron, the United States, and the Early Cold War, 1945–1953|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.2020.1838599|journal=The International History Review|volume=43|issue=4|pages=796–814|doi=10.1080/07075332.2020.1838599|s2cid=228839187|issn=0707-5332|url-access=subscription}}</ref> a position he held for thirty years until he joined ''[[L'Express (France)|L'Express]]'', where he wrote a political column up to his death.

He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in 1960<ref name=AAAS>{{cite web|title=Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter A|url=http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterA.pdf|publisher=American Academy of Arts and Sciences|access-date=25 April 2011}}</ref> and an International member of the [[American Philosophical Society]] in 1966.<ref>{{Cite web |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Raymond+Aron&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref>

In 1978 he founded ''[[Commentaire]]'', a quarterly journal of ideas and debate, together with [[Jean-Claude Casanova]] who was the venture's founding director.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nonfiction.fr/article-919-entretien_avec_jean_claude_casanova__1__la_creation_de_la_revue.htm|title=Entretien avec Jean-Claude Casanova (1) : La création de la revue|author=François Quinton|website=nonfiction.fr|date=10 April 2008}}</ref>

Aron died of a heart attack in Paris on 17 October 1983.