Editing Recall bias (section)

== Explanation ==
Recall bias is a type of [[Information bias (epidemiology)|measurement bias]], and can be a [[methodological]] issue in research involving [[interview]]s or [[questionnaire]]s. In this case, it could lead to misclassification of various types of [[Exposure assessment|exposure]].<ref name="FieldEpidemiologyManual">{{cite web|title=Information (measurement) bias|url=https://wiki.ecdc.europa.eu/fem/w/wiki/information-measurement-bias|work=Field Epidemiology Manual|publisher=FEM Wiki|access-date=28 March 2013|author=Moren, Alain; Valenciano, Marta (Kitching, Aileen, ed.)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190818094715/https://wiki.ecdc.europa.eu/fem/w/wiki/information-measurement-bias|archive-date=2019-08-18}}</ref>  Recall bias is of particular concern in [[retrospective]] studies that use a [[case-control]] design to investigate the [[etiology]] of a disease or psychiatric condition.<ref name="Kopec1990">{{cite journal|last=Kopec|first=JA|author2=Esdaile, JM |title=Bias in case-control studies. A review.|journal=Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health|date=September 1990|volume=44|issue=3|pages=179–86|pmid=2273353|pmc=1060638|doi=10.1136/jech.44.3.179}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Prince|first=Martin|title=9 - Epidemiology|date=2012-01-01|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780702033971000094|work=Core Psychiatry (Third Edition)|pages=115–129|editor-last=Wright|editor-first=Pádraig|place=Oxford|publisher=W.B. Saunders|language=en|doi=10.1016/b978-0-7020-3397-1.00009-4|isbn=978-0-7020-3397-1|access-date=2020-10-21|editor2-last=Stern|editor2-first=Julian|editor3-last=Phelan|editor3-first=Michael|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last1=Hoang|first1=Van Dong|title=Chapter 39 - Coffee Consumption and Prostate Cancer|date=2015-01-01|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780124095175000395|work=Coffee in Health and Disease Prevention|pages=359–366|editor-last=Preedy|editor-first=Victor R.|place=San Diego|publisher=Academic Press|language=en|doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-409517-5.00039-5|isbn=978-0-12-409517-5|access-date=2020-10-21|last2=Tran|first2=Van Dinh|last3=Lee|first3=Andy H.|url-access=subscription}}</ref> For example, in studies of risk factors for [[breast cancer]], women who have had the disease may search their memories more thoroughly than members of the unaffected control group for possible causes of their cancer. Those in the case group (those with breast cancer) may be able to recall a greater number of potential risk factors they had been exposed to than those in the control group (women unaffected by breast cancer). This can potentially exaggerate the relation between a potential risk factor and the disease.<ref name="Schulz2002">{{cite journal|last=Schulz|first=KF|author2=Grimes, DA|title=Case-control studies: research in reverse|journal=Lancet|date=February 2, 2002|volume=359|issue=9304|pages=431–4|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07605-5|pmid=11844534|s2cid=10770936 |url=http://fhs.mcmaster.ca/surgery/documents/HandoutSchulzforResearch2of07Oct2009.pdf|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160615120646/http://fhs.mcmaster.ca/surgery/documents/HandoutSchulzforResearch2of07Oct2009.pdf|archive-date=June 15, 2016}}</ref>