Editing Redbox (section)

==History==
[[File:Redbox logo.png|thumb|right|Redbox former logo (2002-2016)]]
===Founding under McDonald's===
Redbox Automated Retail LLC was initially developed in Chicago as a part of "Project 361", a [[McDonald's]] business expansion initiative. John Sexton Abrams, a strategy executive at McDonald's, designed the original concept as an immersive kiosk leveraging McDonald's product supply chain and geographic footprint to provide 24/7 access to fresh dairy and other products. Initially, the kiosks sold a range of goods under the name Tiktok Easyshops.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2003-11-12 |title=McDonald's axes robot retailers |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3263181.stm |access-date=2024-08-17 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Jake |date=2024-08-16 |title=Bankrupt - Redbox |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MTYBC4XZpzw |publisher=Bright Sun Films |type=Video |via=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> In late 2003, McDonald's ended its use of the kiosks for the products. Instead, McDonald's executive [[Gregg Kaplan]] decided to use the kiosks for DVD rentals, which was tested in Denver in 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/2009/03/06/redbox-blockbuster-rentals-business-media-rebox.html|title=Red Menace|first=Dorothy|last=Pomerantz|website=[[Forbes]]|date=6 March 2009}}</ref> 

The company employed a "return anywhere" policy, different from competitors, which allowed consumers to return their rental to any Redbox kiosk, not just the one from which they originally rented it.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=StY5DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA542|page=542|title=Strategic Management|first=John A.|last=Parnell|date=15 January 2013|publisher=SAGE|isbn=9781452234984|via=Google Books}}</ref>

===Purchase by Coinstar===
In 2005, [[Coinstar]] bought 47% of the company for $32 million,<ref name="CoinstarFinancialStatements">{{cite web|url=http://edgar.secdatabase.com/1091/95013408014521/filing-main.htm |title=COINSTAR INC, Form 10-Q, Quarterly Report, Filing Date Aug 7, 2008 |publisher=secdatabase.com |access-date =May 15, 2018}}</ref> after unsuccessful attempts to sell half the company to [[Blockbuster (retailer)|Blockbuster]] and [[Netflix]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sodDcL2yhsIC&pg=PT163|page=163|title=Netflixed: The Epic Battle for America's Eyeballs|first=Gina|last=Keating|date=11 October 2012|publisher=Penguin|isbn=9781101601433|via=Google Books}}</ref> In early 2008, Coinstar exercised an option to increase its share to 51%,<ref name="CoinstarFinancialStatements"/> before acquiring the remainder for $169–176 million in February 2009.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Staff |first1=Edit |title=DVD Kiosk Firm Redbox Bought Out By Coinstar For Up To $176 Million; McDonald's Paid Out |url=https://gigaom.com/2009/02/13/419-dvd-kiosk-firm-redbox-bought-out-by-coinstar-for-up-to-176-million-mcdo/ |access-date=February 20, 2020 |work=gigaom.com |date=February 13, 2009}}</ref> While traditional brick and mortar rental stores were closing at a high rate, Redbox moved into existing retail locations such as supermarkets, and placed kiosks within them or outside of them to gain access to that consumer base.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aY1q881PnNcC&pg=PT56|page=56|title=Streaming: Movies, Media, and Instant Access|first=Wheeler Winston|last=Dixon|date=19 April 2013|publisher=University Press of Kentucky|isbn=978-0813142180|via=Google Books}}</ref>

Competitors included Netflix, Blockbuster, [[Movie Gallery]] and its subsidiary [[Hollywood Video]], [[West Coast Video]], and [[Family Video]] along with other [[DVD-by-mail|DVD by mail]] rental services. [[Mitch Lowe]] joined Redbox in 2003, after spending five years as an executive at Netflix. At Redbox, he started first as a consultant and then as VP of Purchasing & Operations. In 2005, he became the Chief Operating Officer.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.homemediamagazine.com/redbox/six-questions-redboxs-mitch-lowe-16603 | title=Six Questions: Redbox's Mitch Lowe | publisher=Home Media Magazine | date=July 31, 2009 | access-date=September 7, 2009 }}</ref> Lowe owned and operated a video rental company named Video Droid from 1982 through 1997. Video Droid attempted a VHS rental vending machine concept, though the idea was quickly deemed impractical.<ref name="nyt03">{{cite news|title=Movie Studios See a Threat in Growth of Redbox|work= [[The New York Times]] |last=Barnes|first=Brooks|date=September 6, 2009|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/07/business/media/07redbox.html?ref=technology}}</ref> Lowe was named President of Redbox in April 2009.

With growing concern in 2009 that DVD kiosks might jeopardize movie studio income from DVD sales and rentals, three major movie studios, [[20th Century Studios|20th Century Fox]], [[Warner Bros.]], and [[Universal Pictures|Universal Studios]], each refused to sell DVDs to Redbox until at least 28 days after their arrival in stores.<ref name="nyt03" /> Fox and Warner Bros. represented 62% of home video rental revenue in 2008 and 2009.<ref name="pali02">{{cite web|url=http://paliresearch.com/2009/08/18/redboxs-lawsuit-now-stands-on-only-one-shaky-leg-as-court-dismisses-first-sale-complaint/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113120432/http://paliresearch.com/2009/08/18/redboxs-lawsuit-now-stands-on-only-one-shaky-leg-as-court-dismisses-first-sale-complaint/|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 13, 2022|title=Redbox's Lawsuit Now Stands On Only One Shaky Leg as Court Dismisses First Sale Complaint|last=Greenfield|first=Richard|date=August 18, 2009|website=Pali Research}}</ref><ref>[http://www.homemediamagazine.com/redbox/analyst-dismissal-redbox-claims-could-undermine-kiosk-viability-17222 "Analyst: Dismissal of Redbox Claims Could Undermine Kiosk Viability."] Home Media Magazine, Erik Gruenwedel, October 5, 2009. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091009030538/http://www.homemediamagazine.com/redbox/analyst-dismissal-redbox-claims-could-undermine-kiosk-viability-17222 |date=October 9, 2009 }}</ref> Redbox responded by [[Redbox Automated Retail LLC v. Universal City Studios LLLP|filing lawsuits, first, against Universal]] in October 2008,<ref>[http://www.redbox.com/Press/PressReleases/Redbox_Files_Lawsuit_Against_Universal_Press_Release.pdf "Redbox Files Lawsuit Against Universal."] Redbox Press Release, October 13, 2008</ref> then against 20th Century Fox and Warner Bros. in August 2009.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/rbssEntertainmentProduction/idUSN1211720620090812?sp=true "Redbox sues 20th Century Fox over DVD rentals."] Reuters, Tom Hals and Sue Zeidler, August 12, 2009.</ref><ref name="bloomberg">{{cite news| title= Coinstar's Redbox Sues Warner Unit Over Video Terms| publisher= Bloomberg News| first1= Sophia| last1= Pearson| first2= Phil| last2= Milford| date= August 19, 2009| url= https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601103&sid=apskdfBT_Zms| url-status= dead| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090122224028/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601103| archive-date= January 22, 2009}}</ref> In August 2009, the federal judge hearing the Universal case allowed the antitrust claim to continue.<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.homemediamagazine.com/redbox/judge-throws-out-some-redbox-claims-universal-suit-16764| title= Judge Throws Out Some Redbox Claims in Universal Suit| work= Home Media Magazine| first= Chris| last= Tribbey| date= August 17, 2009| access-date= October 5, 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090827130154/http://www.homemediamagazine.com/redbox/judge-throws-out-some-redbox-claims-universal-suit-16764| archive-date= August 27, 2009| url-status= dead| df= mdy-all}}</ref> In October 2009, 20th Century Fox and Warner Bros. filed motions to dismiss Redbox's lawsuits against them.<ref name="homemedia1">
{{cite web |title = Fox Says Redbox Lawsuit is Flawed |work         = Home Media Magazine |first = Erik |last = Gruenwedel |date         = October 1, 2009 |url = http://www.homemediamagazine.com/redbox/fox-says-redbox-lawsuit-flawed-17210 |access-date  = October 5, 2009 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20091005011952/http://www.homemediamagazine.com/redbox/fox-says-redbox-lawsuit-flawed-17210 |archive-date = October 5, 2009 |url-status = dead|df = mdy-all }}</ref><ref name="homemedia2">{{cite web | title= Warner Also Seeks Redbox Lawsuit Dismissal | work= Home Media Magazine | first= Erik | last= Gruenwedel | date= October 2, 2009 | url= http://www.homemediamagazine.com/warner/warner-also-seeks-redbox-lawsuit-dismissal-17215 | url-status= dead | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091008132226/http://www.homemediamagazine.com/warner/warner-also-seeks-redbox-lawsuit-dismissal-17215 | archive-date= October 8, 2009 }}</ref> During that time, Redbox continued to rent films from the companies, purchasing them at retail from places like [[Walmart]] instead of receiving them from the movie studios, which in some cases saved Redbox money due to the discounted prices offered by retailers.<ref name="auto">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yW0oYGaPcLEC&pg=PT192|page=192|title=Decisive: How to Make Better Choices in Life and Work|first1=Chip|last1=Heath|first2=Dan|last2=Heath|date=26 March 2013|publisher=Random House of Canada|isbn=9780307361141|via=Google Books}}</ref> Other major studios, such as [[Sony Pictures]], [[Paramount Pictures]], and [[Starz Entertainment|Lionsgate]], signed distribution deals with Redbox.<ref name="nyt03" /> [[The Walt Disney Company]] permits third-party distributors to sell to Redbox, but did not enter into a direct relationship with the company.<ref name="nyt03" /> Both sides of the studio lawsuits pointed to these revenue-sharing deals to shore up their argument, with Redbox president Mitch Lowe saying, "our growth can lead to theirs [the studios' growth]. For example, Redbox currently estimates we will pay more than a combined $1 billion over the next five years to Sony, Lionsgate and Paramount to purchase and then rent new-release DVDs to consumers,"<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.thewrap.com/blog-entry/redbox-ceo-we-are-engine-industry-growth-8165 |title= Redbox Chief: 'We Are an Engine for Industry Growth'| website= TheWrap.com| first= Mitch |last= Lowe| date= October 2, 2009}}</ref> while Warner Bros. says the deals are proof that far from being shut out by [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]], "Redbox's business has thrived since its suit against Universal, underscored by lucrative distribution deals with Paramount Home Entertainment, Sony Pictures Home Entertainment, and Lionsgate."<ref name="homemedia2" /> Redbox entered into an agreement with Warner Bros. on February 16, 2010,<ref name="warnersettle">{{Cite press release |title       = Warner Bros. Home Entertainment and Redbox Announce a Multi-year Distribution Agreement |publisher   = Redbox, Warner Bros. Home Entertainment |date = February 16, 2010 |url= http://redboxpressroom.com/releasesPressRelease_WarnerBros_021610.html |access-date  = May 23, 2010 |url-status = dead |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20100530194502/http://redboxpressroom.com/releases/PressRelease_WarnerBros_021610.html |archive-date = May 30, 2010}}</ref> followed by Universal<ref name="unisettle">{{Cite press release  | title = Universal Studios Home Entertainment and Redbox Forge Distribution Agreement  | publisher = Redbox, Universal Studios Home Entertainment  | date = April 22, 2010 | url = http://redboxpressroom.com/releases/PressRelease_Universal_042210.html | access-date = May 23, 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100514150001/http://redboxpressroom.com/releases/PressRelease_Universal_042210.html | archive-date = May 14, 2010 | url-status = dead | df = mdy-all  }}</ref> and Fox<ref name="foxsettle">{{Cite press release |title = Twentieth Century Fox and redbox Announce Distribution Agreement |publisher    = Redbox, Twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment |date         = April 23, 2010 |url = http://redboxpressroom.com/releases/PressRelease_20thCenturyFox_042210.html |access-date = May 23, 2010 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20100514145701/http://redboxpressroom.com/releases/PressRelease_20thCenturyFox_042210.html |archive-date = May 14, 2010
 |url-status = dead |df           = mdy-all}}</ref> on April 22, 2010. 

In the agreements which settle the lawsuits, Redbox agreed to not make available for rental films from these studios until 28 days after their initial home-video releases. Redbox continued to sign additional and new distribution deals with these and other movie studios;<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSFWN1F80Q4|title=BRIEF-Redbox, Paramount announce new distribution agreement|date=19 January 2017|via=Reuters}}</ref> by 2017, titles from Fox and Warner became available on Redbox seven days after their initial home-video release.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2017/08/26/redbox-deals-with-sony-and-lionsgate-bring-discs-with-no-delay/|title=Redbox deals with Sony and Lionsgate bring discs with no delay|publisher=[[Engadget]]|date=26 August 2017|access-date=22 October 2017|first=Richard|last=Lawler}}</ref>

=== Expansion and new products ===
With over 6,000 kiosks, Redbox surpassed [[Blockbuster (retailer)|Blockbuster]] as the largest U.S. video rental chain in November 2007.<ref name="kioskmarketplace1">{{cite web |date=November 26, 2007 |title=Redbox surpasses Blockbuster in number of U.S. locations |url=http://www.kioskmarketplace.com/article.php?id=18858&na=1 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100831110948/http://www.kioskmarketplace.com/article.php?id=18858&na=1 |archive-date=August 31, 2010 |publisher=Kioskmarketplace.com}}</ref> The company reached 100 million rentals in February 2008,<ref name="kioskmarketplace2">{{cite web |title=Redbox surpasses 100 million DVD rentals Redbox surpasses Blockbuster in number of U.S. locations |url=http://www.kioskmarketplace.com/article.php?id=19242&na=1 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100831105518/http://www.kioskmarketplace.com/article.php?id=19242&na=1 |archive-date=2010-08-31 |publisher=Kioskmarketplace.com, February 2008}}</ref> and surpassed 1 billion rentals in September 2010.<ref name="newteevee">{{cite web |date=September 6, 2010 |title=Redbox Hits One Billionth Rental |url=http://gigaom.com/video/redbox-hits-one-billionth-rental/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026171837/http://gigaom.com/video/redbox-hits-one-billionth-rental/ |archive-date=October 26, 2011 |publisher=Gigaom.com}}</ref> As of Q2 2011, 68% of the U.S. population lived within a five-minute drive of a Redbox kiosk.<ref>{{cite web |title=Info &#124; Redbox Corporate Information |url=http://www.redbox.com/facts |access-date=2011-12-12 |publisher=Redbox}}</ref> In Q2 2011, kiosks accounted for 36% of the disc rental market, with 38% of that attributable to rent-by-mail services and 25% to traditional stores, according to the [[NPD Group]].

Redbox announced in July 2010 that they would introduce [[Blu-ray]] movies at 13,000 kiosks; by that fall, Blu-ray discs were available across the Redbox network.<ref name="Bluray">{{cite web | title = Redbox launches Blu-ray rentals  | website= Redbox.com| date= July 29, 2010 | url = http://www.redbox.com/release_20100729}}</ref> In October 2010, the company began offering video game rentals in select markets, including [[Reno, Nevada]]; [[Orlando, Florida]]; [[Stevens Point, Wisconsin]]; [[Austin, Texas]]; [[Wilmington, North Carolina]]; and [[Corvallis, Oregon]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}} Video games were available at all Redbox locations by June 2011.<ref name="Games">{{cite news |last=Molina |first=Brett |date=2011-06-17 |title=Redbox launches program for video game rentals |url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/gamehunters/post/2011/06/redbox-launches-program-for-video-game-rentals/1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622210227/https://content.usatoday.com/communities/gamehunters/post/2011/06/redbox-launches-program-for-video-game-rentals/1 |archive-date=2011-06-22 |work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> In February 2012, Redbox announced the acquisition of Blockbuster Express, a competing kiosk-based rental service operated by [[NCR Corporation|NCR]] in partnership with Blockbuster. The $100 million purchase, completed on June 27, 2012, included over 10,000 kiosks, inventory, and certain retailer contracts.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 June 2012 |title=Redbox Completes Blockbuster Express Purchase |url=https://csnews.com/redbox-completes-blockbuster-express-purchase |access-date=21 August 2020 |work=Convenience Store News}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yp9uCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA28|page=28|title=Marketing Strategy, Text and Cases|first1=O. C.|last1=Ferrell|first2=Michael|last2=Hartline|date=20 December 2012|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=9781285607139|via=Google Books}}</ref> As part of the agreement, Redbox entered a supplier arrangement of purchasing product and services from NCR.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-31001_3-57372197-261/redbox-pays-$100-million-for-ncrs-blockbuster-express/ | title=Redbox pays $100 million for NCR's Blockbuster Express | date=February 6, 2012 | access-date=May 17, 2012}}</ref> The company sold some Blockbuster Express kiosks in less competitive markets to third party providers in June 2013.<ref>{{cite news |title=Coinstar sheds inactive Blockbuster kiosks |url=https://www.kioskmarketplace.com/news/coinstar-sheds-inactive-blockbuster-kiosks/ |access-date=February 20, 2020 |work=Kiosk Marketplace |date=June 12, 2013 |language=en}}</ref> Also in 2012, Redbox partnered with [[New Era Tickets]] and Sparkart to test sales of live event tickets at Redbox kiosks. Redbox Tickets launched in October 2012 in [[Delaware Valley|Greater Philadelphia]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bond |first=Paul |date=2012-10-03 |title=Redbox Selling Tickets to Live Events |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/redbox-movies-concert-tickets-376270/ |access-date=2024-08-20 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-10-05 |title=Redbox kiosks start rolling out tickets to live events |url=https://www.wbez.org/culture/2012/10/04/redbox-kiosks-start-rolling-out-tickets-to-live-events |access-date=2024-08-20 |website=WBEZ |language=en}}</ref> and later expanded to the [[Los Angeles]] area in early 2013.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gagliordi |first1=Natalie |title=Coins, coffee and concerts: Coinstar's on the move |url=https://www.kioskmarketplace.com/articles/coins-coffee-and-concerts-coinstars-on-the-move/ |access-date=February 20, 2020 |work=Kiosk Marketplace |date=October 16, 2012 |language=en}}</ref>

Redbox announced its 3 billionth disc rental, including both movies and games, in July 2013.<ref>{{cite news |date=July 30, 2013 |title=Three Cheers! America Rents 3 Billionth Redbox Disc |url=http://online.wsj.com/article/PR-CO-20130730-908197.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130804072036/http://online.wsj.com/article/PR-CO-20130730-908197.html |archive-date=August 4, 2013 |access-date=February 9, 2017 |work=Wall Street Journal}}</ref> The number of items rented from kiosks annually peaked in 2013, with 772.87 million rentals creating $1.97 billion in revenue; that year, Redbox rentals comprised more than 50% of DVD rentals in the United States<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://variety.com/2024/digital/news/redbox-shutting-down-bankruptcy-liquidation-chicken-soup-for-the-soul-1236067161/ RIP Redbox: DVD Kiosk-Rental Business Is Shutting Down With Parent’s Bankruptcy Liquidation]</ref> with 717.13 million units rented in 2014, and 587.55 million in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/296377/redbox-number-kiosk-rentals/|title=Redbox: number of kiosk rentals 2015 - Statistic|website=Statista}}</ref> This decline was widely attributed to consumers' preferences shifting from physical media to online streaming; although as of 2014, Redbox still represented half of the physical media rental market.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2014/film/news/redbox-makes-up-half-of-dvd-rental-market-exec-says-1201214188/|title=Redbox Makes Up Half of DVD Rental Market, Exec Says|first=Brent|last=Lang|date=5 June 2014}}</ref>

==== Expansion into Canada ====
Redbox began offering rentals in [[Canada]] in mid-2012.<ref name="RedboxCanada">{{cite news |last=Ladurantaye |first=Steve |date=2012-02-08 |title=Redbox bringing DVD vending machines to Canada |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/redbox-bringing-dvd-vending-machines-to-canada/article2331588/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209032323/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/redbox-bringing-dvd-vending-machines-to-canada/article2331588/ |archive-date=2012-02-09 |work=[[The Globe and Mail]] |location=Toronto}}</ref> 1,400 kiosks were installed in Canada before Redbox ended operations in the country in March 2015, citing low demand. These kiosks were subsequently relocated to retail stores in the United States.<ref>{{cite news |date=2015-02-05 |title=Redbox DVD rental company shutting down in Canada, moving 1,400 kiosks to U.S. |url=http://business.financialpost.com/fp-tech-desk/redbox-dvd-rental-company-shutting-down-in-canada-moving-1400-kiosks-to-u-s |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926190157/https://business.financialpost.com/technology/redbox-dvd-rental-company-shutting-down-in-canada-moving-1400-kiosks-to-u-s |archive-date=2018-09-26 |newspaper=[[Financial Post]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Redbox Will Be Leaving Canada |url=http://www.redbox.ca/canadaclosing |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207231926/http://www.redbox.ca/canadaclosing |archive-date=February 7, 2015 |access-date=7 February 2015 |website=Redbox Canada}}</ref>

=== Purchase by Apollo and IPO ===
In August 2012, Redbox's founder, Gregg Kaplan, resigned as president and COO of Redbox, and was succeeded as president by Anne Saunders.<ref>{{cite web |date=August 25, 2012 |title=Redbox Founder Gregg Kaplan Exits Coinstar; Anne Saunders Named Prexy |url=http://www.vendingtimes.com/me2/dirmod.asp?sid=EB79A487112B48A296B38C81345C8C7F&nm=Vending+Features&type=Publishing&mod=Publications%3A%3AArticle&mid=8F3A7027421841978F18BE895F87F791&tier=4&id=F4EDEE9A648B4F849F4AC0AA06C00A44 |access-date=August 26, 2012 |work=[[The Vending Times]]}}</ref> Throughout most of 2016, parent company Outerwall was seeking a buyer based on shareholder input. In early September, Outerwall was sold to [[Apollo Global Management]] and its three units (Coinstar, [[Coinstar|ecoATM]] and Redbox) were split into separate operating companies. In late September 2016, Outerwall CFO Galen Smith was announced as the new CEO of Redbox.<ref>{{cite web| first= Nat| last= Levy| url= http://www.geekwire.com/2016/outerwall-deal-new-ceos/ |title= CEO of Redbox and Coinstar maker Outerwall out as businesses split into separate enterprises following acquisition| website= Geekwire.com| date= September 28, 2016| access-date= October 24, 2016}}</ref>

In January 2017, Redbox began moving some of its then-40,000 kiosks, with the intention of analyzing consumer trends and reacting to under-performing neighborhoods.<ref>{{cite news |publisher=Loc8Nearme.com |title=Redbox Is Not Pulling Kiosks From NYC Locations |date=January 27, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://consumerist.com/2017/01/03/is-redbox-removing-its-kiosks-or-just-moving-them/|title=Is Redbox Removing Its Kiosks, Or Just Moving Them?|date=3 January 2017}}</ref> On December 13, 2017, Redbox offered a new [[video streaming]] service called Redbox On Demand.<ref name="ctrib">{{Cite web |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-biz-redbox-streaming-video-20171213-story.html |title=Redbox rolls out streaming video service |last=Channick |first=Robert|date=2017-12-13|website=Chicago Tribune|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-04}}</ref> The percentage of consumers renting or purchasing movies from Redbox rose in the fourth quarter of 2017 from the third quarter, according to a TiVo survey.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.mediaplaynews.com/redbox-ups-q4-usage-tops-itunes-google-youtube-vudu/|title=Redbox Ups Q4 Usage, Tops iTunes, Google, YouTube, Vudu|newspaper=Media Play News|publisher=[[JCH Media Inc.]]|access-date=April 25, 2018}}</ref> That month, Disney sued Redbox, accusing them of violating copyrights by selling codes to download Disney movies such as ''[[Star Wars: The Force Awakens]]'' and ''[[Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)|Beauty and the Beast]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Faughnder |first=Ryan |date=2017-12-01 |title=Disney sues Redbox to stop digital movie sales, in the latest feud between the companies |url=http://www.latimes.com/business/hollywood/la-fi-ct-disney-redbox-feud-20171201-story.html |access-date=2018-11-14 |website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref>

In April 2018, Redbox acquired the independent film ''[[Benjamin (2019 film)|Benjamin]]'' for a 90-day release period though its kiosks and on demand service, as the first Redbox Original.<ref name="Variety2019-04-09">{{cite news  |url  = https://variety.com/2019/digital/news/redbox-original-bob-saget-benjamin-movie-1203183883/  |title = Redbox Sets First Original Release: Bob Saget Drug-Addiction Dark Comedy 'Benjamin' |work = [[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |first = Todd  |last = Spangler |date  = April 9, 2019 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20190410131924/https://variety.com/2019/digital/news/redbox-original-bob-saget-benjamin-movie-1203183883/ |archive-date = April 10, 2019 |access-date  = September 4, 2019 |url-status     = live |quote = The DVD-rental kiosk operator is calling Saget's indie film a "Redbox Original". What that means: Redbox has rights to an exclusive 90-day window on ''Benjamin'', to be available starting April 23, both to rent at its network of U.S. kiosks and to rent or purchase through its Redbox On Demand streaming service.}}</ref> In October 2019, Redbox formed a film and TV series production division, Redbox Entertainment, with Marc Danon as senior advisor of content acquisition.<ref name="vty0">{{cite news |last1=Spangler |first1=Todd |title=Redbox Forms Division to Fund and Acquire Original Content, Led by Ex-Lionsgate Exec Marc Danon |url=https://variety.com/2019/digital/news/redbox-entertainment-original-content-marc-danon-1203383463/ |access-date=February 19, 2020 |work=Variety |date=October 25, 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Redbox announced on December 9, 2019, that it would no longer be renting video games but continued selling used video game copies through the end of the year.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.theverge.com/2019/12/9/21003320/redbox-video-games-rentals-purchases-movies-business | title=  Redbox no longer rents video games, and it will end game sales this year | first = Jay | last = Peters | date = December 9, 2019 | access-date = December 9, 2019 | work = [[The Verge]] }}</ref>

Redbox Free Live TV, a [[free ad-supported streaming television]] service, was soft launched in early February 2020 with a nationwide launch on February 18.<ref name="vty">{{cite news |last1=Spangler |first1=Todd |title=Why Redbox Is Moving Into Free, Ad-Supported Streaming Video |url=https://variety.com/2020/digital/news/redbox-free-live-tv-streaming-1203506741/ |access-date=February 20, 2020 |work=Variety |date=February 18, 2020 |language=en}}</ref> The company's revenue fell 20% in 2019, 36% in 2020 and over 50% in 2021.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Capital |first=Napoleon |date=2022-02-16 |title=Redbox Shares Might Be Going To Zero |url=https://seekingalpha.com/article/4487426-redbox-shares-might-be-going-to-zero |access-date=2024-08-20 |work=Seeking Alpha |language=en-US}}</ref> On May 17, 2021, Redbox announced that it reached a definitive agreement to merge with Seaport Global Acquisition, a [[special-purpose acquisition company]] which would result in Redbox being publicly listed on the [[Nasdaq]] under the ticker RDBX.<ref>{{cite web|last=Goldsmith|first=Jill|title=Redbox Going Public In SPAC Merger, To Trade On Nasdaq Under RDBX|url=https://deadline.com/2021/05/redbox-to-go-public-spac-merger-1234758249/|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|date=May 17, 2021}}</ref> The company officially went public on October 25, 2021.<ref>{{cite web|title=Redbox Is Set to Go Public After Officially Closing SPAC Merger|url=https://variety.com/2021/digital/news/redbox-public-offering-closes-spac-deal-1235095923/|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|first=Todd|last=Spangler|date=October 22, 2021}}</ref>

===Acquisition by Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, bankruptcy and liquidation===
On May 11, 2022, [[Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment]] announced its intention to acquire Redbox for $375 million.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hayes |first1=Dade |title=Redbox To Be Acquired By Crackle Parent Chicken Soup For The Soul Entertainment In All-Stock Deal Focused On Value End Of Streaming Market |url=https://deadline.com/2022/05/redbox-is-acquired-by-crackle-parent-chicken-soup-for-the-soul-entertainment-streaming-1235021010/ |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |date=May 11, 2022}}</ref> The acquisition was completed on August 11, 2022, less than a year after Redbox went public.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Spangler |first1=Todd |title=Redbox Is Now Officially Part of Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment After $370 Million Deal Closes |url=https://variety.com/2022/digital/news/redbox-deal-close-chicken-soup-for-the-soul-entertainment-1235338943/ |website=Variety |date=August 11, 2022}}</ref> At the end of 2022, the company operated about 34,000 kiosks nationwide, with plans to increase that number with 1,000 more kiosks in 2023.<ref>[https://www.mediaplaynews.com/ex-redbox-chief-galen-smith-leaving-chicken-soup-for-the-soul-entertainment/ Ex-Redbox Chief Galen Smith Leaving Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment]</ref> In July 2023, CSSE announced a partnership with the video sharing platform [[TikTok]], under which screens showcasing top content from the service would be installed on at least 3,000 Redbox kiosks. These ads also displayed advertising sold by Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment's sales platform Crackle Connex.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Spangler |first1=Todd |title=Redbox Inks TikTok Deal to Stream Trending Videos, Serve Ads on 3,000-Plus DVD Rental Kiosks |url=https://variety.com/2023/digital/news/redbox-tiktok-videos-ads-dvd-kiosks-1235667133/ |website=Variety |date=July 12, 2023}}</ref>

In August 2023, convenience store chain [[7-Eleven]] terminated its contract with Redbox due to its failure to pay commissions and demanded the kiosks be removed; Redbox failed to do so. Franchisees began to unplug machines and tape credit card readers shut. 7-Eleven eventually filed a lawsuit in June 2024.<ref name=":2" /> In February 2024, drug store chain [[CVS Pharmacy|CVS]] filed a lawsuit against Redbox for failure to pay commissions during the third quarter of 2022. Convenience store chain [[Sheetz]] followed suit the same month for not receiving payments since the end of 2022.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Roettgers |first=Janko |date=2024-07-05 |title=Why Redbox has been powering down |url=https://www.theverge.com/2024/7/5/24191963/redbox-chicken-soup-for-the-soul-entertainment-bankruptcy-why |access-date=2024-08-15 |website=The Verge |language=en}}</ref>[[File:Redbox Kiosk Closing Notice.jpg|thumb|Shutdown notice on a Redbox kiosk at an [[Albertsons]] store in [[Chula Vista, California]] just south of [[San Diego]]]]
On April 23, 2024, Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment announced a $636.6 million loss in 2023, and warned that without any options to generate additional financing, the company could be forced to liquidate or pause operations, and seek a potential [[Chapter 11 bankruptcy]] protection filing. However, Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment did also report that Redbox's sales increased in 2023, seeing a 66% increase in annual revenue to $112.7 million.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nexttv.com/news/chicken-soup-reports-dollar637-million-loss-for-2023-preps-investors-for-bankruptcy|title=Chicken Soup Reports $637 Million Loss for 2023, Preps Investors for Bankruptcy|date=April 23, 2024|access-date=April 23, 2024|website=NextTV|language=en}}</ref>

By June 15, all Redbox kiosks in [[Hannaford Brothers Company|Hannaford]] grocery stores had been shut down.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Parsons |first=Jeff |date=2024-06-06 |title=Return Your Discs: Hannaford Supermarkets Will No Longer Have Redbox Kiosks in New England |url=https://wjbq.com/hannaford-supermarket-removing-red-box-kiosks/ |access-date= |website=Q97.9 |language=en}}</ref> On June 29, 2024, the company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection after missing a week of paying its employees and failing to secure financing.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hayes |first1=Dade |title=Redbox Owner Chicken Soup For The Soul Entertainment Files For Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Protection |url=https://deadline.com/2024/06/redbox-chicken-soup-for-the-soul-entertainment-files-chapter-11-bankruptcy-1235997730/ |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |date=June 29, 2024 |access-date=June 29, 2024}}</ref> On July 10, 2024, a bankruptcy judge ordered to convert Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment's Chapter 11 bankruptcy into a [[Chapter 7 bankruptcy]] liquidation after accusing the company's previous CEO of misusing the business and failing to pay employees or support healthcare. With the Chapter 7 conversion, the company's assets were liquidated, resulting in the shut down of its subsidiaries, including Redbox. In addition, over 1,000 employees were laid off. The company's website and apps were taken down shortly after.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2024 |title=Redbox Officially Shuts Down Its Roku App Locking Customers Out of Their Movies & TV Shows |url=https://cordcuttersnews.com/redbox-officially-shuts-down-its-roku-app-locking-customers-out-of-their-movies-tv-shows/ |access-date=October 13, 2024 |website=Cord Cutters News |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Harding |first=Scharon |date=2024-08-14 |title=Redbox app axed, dashing people's hopes of keeping purchased content |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2024/08/redbox-app-starts-going-away-removing-purchased-content-from-owners/ |access-date=2024-08-15 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Randles |first=Jonathan |date=July 10, 2024 |title=Redbox Owner to Be Liquidated Following Alleged Mismanagement |url=https://news.bloomberglaw.com/bankruptcy-law/redbox-owner-to-be-liquidated-following-alleged-mismanagement?context=search&index=0 |access-date=July 10, 2024 |website=Bloomberg Law |language=en}}</ref>

Although many of Redbox's kiosks have been removed, many remaining kiosks are still functional and dispense discs. Some kiosks have been taken by hobbyists and tinkerers who aim to [[Reverse engineering|reverse engineer]] the software used by them.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Koebler |first=Jason |date=2024-10-16 |title=Tinkerers Are Taking Old Redbox Kiosks Home and Reverse Engineering Them |url=https://www.404media.co/tinkerers-are-taking-old-redbox-kiosks-home-and-reverse-engineering-them/ |url-access=registration |access-date=2024-11-14 |website=[[404 Media]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Yerak |first=Becky |date=October 10, 2024 |title=Bankruptcy Took Down the Redbox Machine. If Only Someone Could Take Them Away. |url=https://www.wsj.com/business/retail/redbox-vending-machine-kiosk-dvd-movies-4e285ee8 |url-access=subscription |access-date=November 14, 2024 |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> A major company involved in the removal and disposal of Redbox kiosks is The Junkluggers, although most kiosks are removed by independent contractors.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Day |first=Lewin |date=2024-11-19 |title=The Great Redbox Cleanup: One Company Is Hauling Away America’s Last DVD Kiosks |url=https://hackaday.com/2024/11/19/the-great-redbox-cleanup-one-company-is-hauling-away-americas-last-dvd-kiosks/ |access-date=2024-11-24 |website=[[Hackaday]] |language=en-US}}</ref> The Junkluggers aim to recycle the metal used by the kiosks and donate the DVDs inside to community organizations.<ref name=":6" />