Editing Relief printing (section)

== The relief family of techniques ==
In the relief family of printing, the matrix was historically made [[Subtractive manufacturing|subtractively]], by removing material from the surface of areas not intended to be printed. The remaining surface would then receive ink. The relief family of techniques includes [[woodcut]], [[metalcut]], [[wood engraving]], [[relief etching]], [[linocut]], [[rubber stamp]], foam printing, potato printing, and some types of [[collagraph]].

By contrast, in the intaglio family of printing, the recessed areas are printed by inking the whole matrix, then wiping the surface so that only ink in the recessed areas remain. Much greater pressure is then needed to force the paper into the channels containing the ink, so a high-pressure press is normally needed. Intaglio techniques include [[engraving]], [[etching]], and [[drypoint]].

In the [[planographic printing|planographic family of printing]], the entire surface of the matrix is flat, and some areas are treated to create the print image.<ref>{{cite web|date=22 February 2016|title=Printing Size Guide|url=http://www.print2paper.co.uk/resources/printing-size-guide/|access-date=26 October 2016|publisher=www.print2paper.co.uk}}</ref> Planographic techniques include [[lithography]] and [[offset lithography]].

=== Mix relief and intaglio techniques ===
Normally, relief and intaglio techniques can only be mixed with others of the same family in the same printed page, unless the page is printed twice.

=== Movable type: traditional relief printing for text ===
Traditional text printing with [[movable type]] is also a relief technique. This meant that woodcuts were much easier to use as book illustrations, as they could be printed together with the text. Intaglio illustrations, such as engravings, had to be printed separately.

The first relief-printed publication in the US, the multi-page newspaper ''[[Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick]]'', was published on September 25, 1690.<ref>{{cite web|author=Breig, James|date=2014|title=Early American newspapering|website=Colonial Williamsburg|url=http://www.history.org/Foundation/journal/spring03/journalism.cfm}}</ref>