Editing Remotely operated underwater vehicle (section)

==Description==
This meaning is different from [[remote control vehicle]]s operating on land or in the air because ROVs are designed specifically to function in underwater environments, where conditions such as high pressure, limited visibility, and the effects of buoyancy and water currents pose unique challenges. While land and aerial vehicles use wireless communication for control, ROVs typically rely on a physical connection, such as a tether or umbilical cable, to transmit power, video, and data signals, ensuring reliable operation even at great depths. The tether also provides a stable means of communication, which is crucial in underwater conditions where radio waves are absorbed quickly by water, making wireless signals ineffective for long-range underwater use.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Remote Systems & ROV Division |url=https://www.imca-int.com/committees/rov/ |access-date=2024-10-25 |website=IMCA |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Underwater Vehicles - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution |url=https://www.whoi.edu/what-we-do/explore/underwater-vehicles/ |access-date=2024-10-25 |website=www.whoi.edu/ |language=en-US}}</ref>

ROVs are unoccupied, usually highly maneuverable, and operated by a crew either aboard a vessel/floating platform or on proximate land. They are common in deepwater industries such as [[offshore (hydrocarbons)|offshore hydrocarbon]] extraction. They are generally, but not necessarily, linked to a host ship by a neutrally buoyant [[tether]] or, often when working in rough conditions or in deeper water, a load-carrying [[umbilical cable]] is used along with a tether management system (TMS). The TMS is either a garage-like device which contains the ROV during lowering through the [[splash zone]] or, on larger work-class ROVs, a separate assembly mounted on top of the ROV. The purpose of the TMS is to lengthen and shorten the tether so the effect of cable drag where there are underwater currents is minimized. The umbilical cable is an armored cable that contains a group of [[electrical conductor]]s and fiber optics that carry electric power, video, and data signals between the operator and the TMS. Where used, the TMS then relays the signals and power for the ROV down the tether cable. Once at the ROV, the electric power is distributed between the components of the ROV. However, in high-power applications, most of the electric power drives a high-power electric motor which drives a [[hydraulic pump]]. The pump is then used for propulsion and to power equipment such as torque tools and manipulator arms where electric motors would be too difficult to implement subsea. Most ROVs are equipped with at least a video camera and lights. Additional equipment is commonly added to expand the vehicle's capabilities. These may include [[sonar]]s, [[magnetometer]]s, a still camera, a manipulator or cutting arm, water samplers, and instruments that measure water clarity, water temperature, water density, sound velocity, light penetration, and temperature.<ref>{{cite web|title=Remotely Operated Vehicle Design and Function|url=http://maritime.about.com/od/Innovation/a/Remotely-Operated-Vehicle-Design-And-Function.htm|website=Maritime About|access-date=4 June 2016|archive-date=1 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701191924/http://maritime.about.com/od/Innovation/a/Remotely-Operated-Vehicle-Design-And-Function.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Terminology===
In the professional diving and marine contracting industry, the term remotely operated vehicle (ROV) is used.<ref name="IMCA D014">{{cite report|title=IMCA International Code of Practice for Offshore Diving |last=Staff |date=February 2014 |work=IMCA D 014 Rev. 2 |publisher=International Marine Contractor's Association |location=London }}</ref><ref name="SA Diving Regulations 2009">{{cite report |title=Diving Regulations 2009 |work=Occupational Health and Safety Act 85 of 1993 – Regulations and Notices – Government Notice R41 |url=http://www.saflii.org/za/legis/consol_reg/ohasa85o1993rangnr41716/ |publisher=Government Printer |location=Pretoria |via=Southern African Legal Information Institute |access-date=2019-03-16 |archive-date=2016-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104080007/http://www.saflii.org/za/legis/consol_reg/ohasa85o1993rangnr41716/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imca-int.com/publications/136/guidance-on-competence-assurance-and-assessment-remote-systems-rov-division/ |title=IMCA C 005: Guidance on competence assurance and assessment: Remote systems & ROV Division |publisher=[[International Marine Contractors Association]] |date=January 2011 |edition=Rev. 3 |access-date=16 March 2019}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=ISO 13628-8:2002: Petroleum and natural gas industries — Design and operation of subsea production systems — Part 8: Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) interfaces on subsea production systems |url=https://www.iso.org/standard/37291.html |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=ISO |language=en}}</ref>