Editing Renault Twingo (section)

=={{Anchor|1|Twingo I}}First generation (1993)==
{{Infobox automobile
| name = Renault Twingo
| image = 1997 Renault Twingo 1.15.jpg
| alt = Three-door car with a one-box bodystyle with door mirrors and steel wheels with hubcaps
| production = 1992–2007 (France)<br /> 1994–2003 (Spain)<br />1994–1999 (Taiwan)<br />1999–2002 (Uruguay)<br />1995–2012 (Colombia)
| assembly = {{ubl |France: [[Flins-sur-Seine|Flins]] ([[Flins Renault Factory|Flins Plant]]) |Uruguay: [[Montevideo]] ([[Nordex]]) |Colombia: [[Envigado]] ([[Sofasa]]) |Spain: [[Valladolid]] ([[Renault España|Renault Spain]])|Taiwan: [[Changhua]] (Sanfu Motors)
}}
| body_style = 3-door [[hatchback]]
| layout = [[Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout|Front-engine, front-wheel-drive]]
| designer = [[Jean-Pierre Ploué]]<br />[[Patrick Le Quément]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.automotivedesignconference.com/portfolio/patrick-le-quement/|title=Patrick le Quément|website=automotivedesignconference.com|access-date=11 January 2020}}</ref>
| engine = {{ubl
  | '''[[Petrol engine|petrol]]:'''
  | 999&nbsp;cc ''[[Renault D-Type engine#D7D|D7D]]'' [[Straight-four engine|I4]]{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}
  | 1149&nbsp;cc ''[[Renault D-Type engine#D7F|D7F]]'' I4
  | 1149&nbsp;cc ''[[Renault D-Type engine#D4F|D4F]]'' [[Multi-valve#Four valves|16V]] I4
  | 1239&nbsp;cc ''[[Renault Cléon-Fonte engine#CxG|C3G]]'' I4
  }}
| transmission = 5-speed [[Manual transmission|manual]]<br />5-speed [[electrohydraulic manual transmission|automated manual]]<br />3-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]
| front_suspension = 
| rear_suspension = 
| wheelbase = {{convert|2345|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| length = {{convert|3430|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|1630|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| height = {{convert|1420|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| weight = from {{convert|790|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
}}

The original Twingo was launched in April 1993, was sold in European [[Left- and right-hand traffic|LHD]] markets until August 2007, and received intermediate [[Facelift (automobile)|restylings]] in 1998, 2000, and 2004. It was notably similar to the original [[Honda Today]] in design, including the overall shape and the headlamps partially set into the front bumper.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.automobile-magazine.fr/insolite/article/41124-honda-today-1985-retour-sur-lancetre-japonaise-de-la-renault-twingo | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240619035823/https://www.automobile-magazine.fr/insolite/article/41124-honda-today-1985-retour-sur-lancetre-japonaise-de-la-renault-twingo | archive-date = 2024-06-19 | title = Honda Today (1985): retour sur l'ancêtre japonaise de la Renault Twingo | trans-title = A look back at the Japanese ancestor of the Renault Twingo | language = fr | work = L'Automobile | date = 2023-12-07 | first = Didier | last = Ric }}</ref>

===Development===
Designed under the direction of [[Patrick Le Quément]], Renault's chief designer,<ref name=CAR>{{cite web|title=Renault Twingo 1 (1992): design history|url=http://www.carbodydesign.com/archive/2007/03/21-renault-twingo-i-design-history/|publisher=Car Body Design|date=21 March 2007}}</ref> the car derived a concept developed through the W60 project when [[Gaston Juchet]] was Renault's chief designer. The project was aimed at replacing the [[Renault 4]] with a [[minivan]] model.<ref name=CAR/>

Le Quément chose a Jean-Pierre Ploué design to develop the production version. Le Quément stretched the original prototype and added an unconventional front-end layout resembling a "smile".<ref>{{Citation|title=Épisode #34 – Patrick LE QUÉMENT – " J'aime autant l'Avantime que je déteste la Vel Satis. "|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g1Y7XHm5qUo|language=en|access-date=2021-06-09}}</ref> The interior equipment was mounted on a central console to free space.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cardesignnews.com/site/home/design_development/display/store4/item293740/|title=20 years on, Patrick Le Quément exposes the political battles and design decisions behind the Renault Twingo|publisher=[[Car Design News]]|author=Meiners, Jens|date=6 January 2014|access-date=2 October 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006072004/http://www.cardesignnews.com/site/home/design_development/display/store4/item293740/|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Renault had participated in the 1981 to 1984 'Mono-Box' ECO 2000 car project, along with PSA Peugeot Citroën and the French Government.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citroenet.org.uk/prototypes/eco2000/eco-2000.html|title=ECO 2000 | work = Citroënët|access-date=7 January 2010}}</ref>

The Twingo I's electronic, centrally mounted instrument panel had a [[speedometer]], [[fuel gauge]], [[clock]], [[odometer]], and [[trip recorder]] controlled via a stalk-located button. A strip of warning lights was located behind the steering wheel. The rear seat featured a sliding mechanism to enable either increased boot space or more rear-seat legroom. The boot parcel shelf was attached to the inside of the tailgate, and lifted with the tailgate – or could clip back against the rear window when not required.

===Engines===
All engines were replaced with an eight-valve 1.15-litre {{cvt|60|hp-metric|kW|0}} unit. A 16-valve, {{cvt|75|hp-metric|kW|0}} version was added in 2000.

Manufactured at the [[Flins Renault Factory]] from the time of its launch until 28 June 2007, the Twingo I was also manufactured in [[Taiwan]], [[Spain]], [[Colombia]], and [[Uruguay]] from 1999 to 2002,<ref>{{cite web|title=Uruguay es interesante para la producción de autopartes y de vehículos|url=http://www.espectador.com/1v4_contenido.php?id=91070&sts=1|publisher=Espectador.com|date=14 March 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215010016/http://www.espectador.com/1v4_contenido.php?id=91070&sts=1|archive-date=15 February 2012}}</ref> remaining in production until 8 June 2012 in Colombia, by the [[Sofasa]] conglomerate, strictly for the domestic market.
;Twingo I Safety

[[Euro NCAP]] results:
* Adult occupant: {{rating|3|5}}, score 23
* Pedestrian: {{rating|2|4}}, score 11

===Timeline===
{{More citations needed section|date=April 2014}}

In April 1993, the Twingo launched with only one trim level, and four exterior colours: coral red, Indian yellow, coriander green, and ultramarine blue. The car retailed at a price of 55,000FF (approximately €8,400). In June 1994, new exterior colours were introduced along with minor interior changes, as well as optional electric windows and mirrors, and locks with remote keyless entry. Four months later, the Twingo '''Easy''' model was launched, with an automated clutch on the manual gearbox.

In September 1995, the first of many special Twingo editions launched, while inbuilt airbags become optional. In July 1996, a new 1149&nbsp;cc engine (from the [[Renault Clio|Clio]]) was fitted to replace the previous engine from the [[Renault 5]]. Alongside the new engine came the Twingo '''Matic''' model, equipped with a three-speed automatic gearbox. Also, various improvements were made, including the addition of a third brake light.

Two years later, the Twingo underwent its first major restyling of the interior and dashboard. The front and rear lights were revised, and front orange indicator lights were merged into the headlamp housings. The front of the car is reinforced for added safety in a frontal impact.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.generation-twingo.fr/evolution.php|title=Génération Twingo : Tout sur la twingo|website=www.generation-twingo.fr}}</ref> Two months later, the top-of-the-range Twingo '''Initiale''' model launched.

In September 2000, the Twingo underwent its second major restyling. Additions included larger, 14-inch wheels, revised door trims with larger door pockets, a black trunk opener lever (instead of shiny metal), and cup holders in front of the gearstick.

December 2000, a new 1.2-litre single overhead camshaft, 16-valve version of the D-series engine launched, with {{cvt|75|hp-metric|kW|0}}. In April 2001, a new automated manual gearbox launched, called Quickshift. Additional revisions followed in September 2002, including new interior trims and wheel covers.

In [[Japan]], Renault was formerly licensed by [[Yanase (car dealership)|Yanase Co., Ltd.]], but in 1999, Renault purchased a stake in Japanese automaker [[Nissan]] after Nissan had faced financial troubles following the collapse of the [[Japanese asset price bubble]] in 1991 and subsequent [[Lost Decade (Japan)|lost decade]]. As a result of Renault's purchase of interest, Yanase cancelled its licensing contract with Renault in the spring of 2000, and Nissan Motor Co., Ltd took over as the sole licensee, hence sales of the Twingo I in Japan were transferred from Yanase Store locations to [[Nissan#Japan|Nissan Red Stage Store]] locations. Despite Japan being a right-hand drive market, the first generation was sold exclusively as left-hand drive, with the only change being the headlights.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thedrive.com/new-cars/41363/1993-renault-twingo-review-i-bought-the-happiest-car-on-the-planet|title=1993 Renault Twingo Review: I Bought the Happiest Car on the Planet|first=Hazel|last=Southwell|date=28 July 2021|website=The Drive}}</ref>

September 2004 marked the third major Twingo revision. The Renault logo was fitted to the boot lid, side rubbing strips were added, and a new range of exterior colours launched. On 28 June 2007, Twingo I production ended in France, being replaced by the Twingo II. By 30 June 2007, 2,478,648 units from the Twingo I were produced. The Renault Twingo I production went on into Colombia until 8 June 2012. In total, 2.6&nbsp;million units of the first-generation Twingo were produced.

<gallery widths="200">
File:Renault Twingo front 20080709.jpg|'''1993–1998''' Twingo, front
File:Renault Twingo rear 20080709.jpg|'''1993–1998''' Twingo, rear
File:Renault twingo 3.jpg|'''1993–1998''' Twingo, interior
File:Renault Twingo front 20080222.jpg|'''1998–2000''' Twingo, front
File:Renault Twingo rear 20080222.jpg|'''1998–2000''' Twingo, rear
File:Renault Twingo I front 20090920.jpg|'''2000–2004''' Twingo, front
File:Renault Twingo I rear 20090920.jpg|'''2000–2004''' Twingo, rear
File:Renault Twingo front 20071115.jpg|'''2004–2012''' Twingo, front (non-standard wheels)
File:Renault Twingo rear 20071115.jpg|'''2004–2012''' Twingo, rear (non-standard wheels) 
</gallery>

=== Special models ===

==== Limited edition ====
The first generation Twingo had a number of limited editions, including co-brandings with premium brands such as [[Perrier]], [[Benetton Group|Benetton]], [[L'Oréal]], [[Kenzo (brand)|Kenzo]], [[Elite Model Management]], and artistic references including [[Metropolis (1927 film)|Metropolis]], [[Grease (film)|Grease]] and [[Tintin (character)|Tintin]].<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-01-21|title=catalogues Renault Twingo|url=https://archives-catalogues-automobiles.fr/laurentbunnik/rentwi02.html|website=archives-catalogues-automobiles.fr}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-01-21|title=Catalogues Renault Twingo|url=https://archives-catalogues-automobiles.fr/laurentbunnik/rentwi03.html|website=archives-catalogues-automobiles.fr}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-01-21|title=Twingo Séries Spéc.|url=http://www.lesrenaultdepapier.fr/twingo_SS.htm|website=www.lesrenaultdepapier.fr}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-01-21|title=Génération Twingo : Tout sur la twingo|url=http://www.generation-twingo.fr/series.php|website=www.generation-twingo.fr}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>

==== Twingo Lecoq ====
The Renault Twingo ''Lecoq'' was a special edition produced in less than 50 units. It was an independent initiative of ''Carrosserie Lecoq''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.largus.fr/actualite-automobile/renault-twingo-lecoq-deux-exemplaires-de-cette-rarissime-serie-limitee-a-vendre-30023273.html|title=Renault Twingo Lecoq. Deux exemplaires de cette rarissime série limitée à vendre|website=www.largus.fr}}</ref>

==== Electric ====
A French company based in [[Normandy]], ''[[Lormauto]],'' presented at the [[2022 Paris Motor Show]] and again in [[2024 Paris Motor Show]] a [[Electric vehicle conversion|rétrofit kit]] to transform the Renault Twingo 1 into a fully electric car.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.largus.fr/actualite-automobile/essai-renault-twingo-1-electrique-la-bonne-surprise-lormauto-30023243.html|title=Essai Renault Twingo 1 électrique. La bonne surprise Lormauto|website=www.largus.fr}}</ref> This approved model is now available from car rental company UCAR.