Editing Reprise Records (section)

==Company history==
===Beginnings===
[[File:Reprise Label Tricolor Kinks.JPG|thumb|"Tricolor" label, used by Reprise until 1968. (Label to [[the Kinks]]' ''[[Something Else by The Kinks|Something Else]]''.)]]
Reprise Records was formed in 1960<ref name="Edwards"/> by Frank Sinatra in order to allow more artistic freedom for his own recordings, because of dissatisfaction with [[Capitol Records]], and after trying to buy [[Norman Granz]]'s [[Verve Records]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web|last1=Giles|first1=Jeff|title=To Play and Play Again: How Frank Sinatra's Thirst for Creative Freedom Led to Some of Classic Rock's Greatest Records |url=http://ultimateclassicrock.com/reprise-records-history/|website=ultimateclassicrock.com|date=February 13, 2016 |publisher=Diffuser Network|access-date=2016-08-02}}</ref> The first album Sinatra released on Reprise was ''[[Ring-a-Ding-Ding!|Ring-a -Ding-Ding!]]'' Soon thereafter, he garnered the nickname "The Chairman of the Board".<ref>{{cite web |author=John Ward |date=December 11, 1990 |title=The Chairman of the Board hits another quarter century |url=http://tech.mit.edu/V110/N57/sinatr.57a.html |work=[[The Tech (newspaper)|The Tech]]}}</ref> As CEO of Reprise, Sinatra recruited several artists for the fledgling label, such as fellow [[Rat Pack]] members [[Dean Martin]] and [[Sammy Davis Jr.]] The original roster from 1961 to 1963 included [[Bing Crosby]], [[Jo Stafford]], [[Rosemary Clooney]], [[Duke Ellington]], [[Nancy Sinatra]], [[Juan Garcia Esquivel|Esquivel]] and [[Stand-up comedy|stand-up comedian]] [[Redd Foxx]]. The original Reprise LP label had four different logos, depending on the genre: a riverboat for Pop records (pictured), a cherub for Jazz records, an owl for Spoken Word/Comedy records, and a picture of Sinatra for his records.
[[File:Reprise Records logo square.svg|thumb|upright=0.5|Square Reprise Records logo used from 1968 to 2002]]
[[File:Reprise Label Orange Hendrix.JPG|thumb|"Two-tone orange" label used by Reprise during the [[Warner Bros.-Seven Arts]] merger from 1968 to 1969. (Label to [[Jimi Hendrix]]'s ''[[Smash Hits (The Jimi Hendrix Experience album)|Smash Hits]]''.) After the [[Kinney National Company]] took over Warner Bros. in 1969, the orange tone at the top of the label was changed to the same tone as on the rest of the label, the W7 box logo was removed and the circled :r logo (an artistic representation of a repeat symbol in music notation) became a boxed logo without the "Reprise" designation.]]
One of the label's founding principles under Sinatra's leadership was that each artist would have full creative freedom, and at some point complete ownership of their work, including publishing rights. This is the reason why recordings of early Reprise artists (Dean Martin, [[Jimi Hendrix]], [[the Kinks]], etc.) are (in most cases) currently distributed through other labels. In Martin's case, his Reprise recordings were out of print for nearly 20 years before a deal was struck with [[Capitol Records]]. Reprise continued to reissue the Sinatra catalog until 2013 when it was sold to Capitol.

===Sale to Warner Bros.===
In August 1963, as part of a film deal, [[Warner Bros.]] purchased Reprise (which had been losing money) from Frank Sinatra, who nonetheless retained a 1/3 interest in the label.<ref name="auto"/> Many of the older artists on the label were dropped by [[Warner Bros. Records]]. Reprise president [[Mo Ostin]] was retained as the head of the label and he went on to play a very significant role in the history of the Warner group of labels over the next four decades. Warner-Reprise executives began targeting younger acts, beginning by securing the American distribution rights to the [[Pye Records]] recordings by [[the Kinks]] in 1964. Reprise soon added teen-oriented pop acts like [[Dino, Desi & Billy]] to the roster. As well, Sinatra's own daughter [[Nancy Sinatra|Nancy]] (who began recording for the label in 1961) was retained by Ostin, becoming a major pop star from late 1965. The label moved almost exclusively to rock-oriented music in the late 1960s, although Frank Sinatra continued to record for the label until the 1980s.

Through direct signings or distribution deals, by the 1970s the Reprise roster grew to include [[Lee Hazlewood]], [[Paul & Paula|Jill Jackson]], [[Jimi Hendrix]], the early [[Joni Mitchell]] recordings, [[Neil Young]], [[the Electric Prunes]], [[Donna Loren]], [[Arlo Guthrie]], [[Norman Greenbaum]], [[Tom Lehrer]], [[Kenny Rogers and The First Edition]], [[Tiny Tim (musician)|Tiny Tim]], [[Ry Cooder]], [[Captain Beefheart]], [[John Sebastian]], [[Family (band)|Family]], the early 1970s recordings by [[Frank Zappa]] and [[the Mothers]], [[Gram Parsons]], [[Emmylou Harris]], [[Nico]]'s ''[[Desertshore]]'', [[the Fugs]], [[Jethro Tull (band)|Jethro Tull]], [[Pentangle (band)|Pentangle]], [[T. Rex (band)|T. Rex]], [[the Meters]], [[John Cale]], [[Gordon Lightfoot]], [[Michael Franks (musician)|Michael Franks]], [[Richard Pryor]], [[Al Jarreau]], [[Fleetwood Mac]], [[Fanny (band)|Fanny]], and [[the Beach Boys]].

===Dormancy===

[[File:Reprise Label Red Young.JPG|thumb|left|180px|Red label, used by Reprise throughout the 1980s. (Label to [[Neil Young]]'s ''[[Decade (Neil Young album)|Decade]]''.)]]
In 1976, the Reprise label was deactivated by Warner Bros. and all of its roster (except Frank Sinatra and Neil Young) was moved to the main Warner Bros. label.<ref name="auto"/> Although older catalog albums continued to be manufactured with the Reprise logo, and albums by [[the Beach Boys]] on [[Brother Records]] were issued in the Reprise catalog numbering sequence, aside from Sinatra and Young (and the [[Sylvia Syms (singer)|Sylvia Syms]] album ''[[Syms by Sinatra]]'', which Sinatra conducted and co-produced) there were no new releases on Reprise for several years.

===Revival and Reprise today (1985–present)===
In late 1985, some copies of [[the Dream Academy]]'s hit single "[[Life in a Northern Town]]" were pressed on the Warner Bros. label bearing the Reprise logo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.45cat.com/record/728841|title=The Dream Academy - Life In A Northern Town|access-date=October 7, 2021|website=45cat.com}}</ref> 1986 saw releases bearing Reprise labels from the Dream Academy as well as [[Dwight Yoakam]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.45cat.com/label/reprise-us/27|title=Reprise Label Discography - USA - Page 27 - 45cat|website=45cat.com|access-date=October 7, 2021}}</ref> In summer 1987, Warner Bros. Records chairman Mo Ostin and label president [[Lenny Waronker]] officially announced the reactivation of Reprise, including its own separate promotions department, and former Warner Bros. Vice President of Promotion Rich Fitzgerald was appointed as label vice president.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.repriserec.com/reprise.html|title=Reprise Recs|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715174324/http://www.repriserec.com/reprise.html|archive-date=July 15, 2011|df=mdy-all}}</ref> In the time since, Warner Bros. has often elevated the stature of Reprise to the rank of secondary parent label, as many of its subsidiary labels (such as [[Straight Records|Straight]] and [[Kinetic Records|Kinetic]]) have had their records released in conjunction with Reprise.

As of 2017, it is home to such artists as [[Enya]], [[Michael Bublé]], [[Eric Clapton]], [[Green Day]], [[Stevie Nicks]], [[Neil Young]], [[Deftones]], [[Josh Groban]], [[Disturbed (band)|Disturbed]], [[Idina Menzel]], [[Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers]], [[Gerard Way]] and [[Never Shout Never]].

It was formerly home to [[Jimi Hendrix]] and the [[Barenaked Ladies]]' catalogs in the [[United States|U.S.]] When the [[Bee Gees]] back catalog was remastered by [[Rhino Records]] in the 2000s, their CDs were issued under the Reprise label (they appeared on sister labels Atco and Warner Bros. in the past).

Neil Young stated in a documentary about his life that [[Charles Manson]] was turned down by Reprise.{{citation needed|date=June 2021}}

In 2010, Reprise opened a [[country music]] division, operating as part of [[Warner Music Group|Warner Music Group Nashville]], featuring [[Blake Shelton]], [[the JaneDear Girls]], [[Michelle Branch]] and [[Frankie Ballard]] as part of its roster.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.warnermusicnashville.com/|title=Warner Music Nashville Official Website|website=Warner Music Nashville Official Website|access-date=May 8, 2016}}</ref>

In September 2011, several layoffs took place at Reprise Records and other Warner labels.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/industry/record-labels/updated-layoffs-at-warner-bros-reprise-1005343982.story |title=Updated: Layoffs at Warner Bros./Reprise &#124; Billboard.biz |access-date=September 10, 2011 |archive-date=September 25, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110925084241/http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/industry/record-labels/updated-layoffs-at-warner-bros-reprise-1005343982.story |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 2017, Reprise released Enya's albums on vinyl. Some of them were pressed on this format for the first time.