Editing Retinal detachment (section)

== Mechanism and classification ==
[[File:Three Internal chambers of the Eye.svg|thumb|298x298px|Diagram of the eye highlighting the retina, vitreous humor, and other key structures.]]
The [[retina]] is a thin layer of tissue located at the back of the eye.<ref name="nhs" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2020-09-08 |title=Retina |url=https://www.aao.org/eye-health/anatomy/retina-103 |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=American Academy of Ophthalmology |language=en}}</ref> It processes visual information and transmits it to the brain.<ref name=":3" /> Retinal detachment occurs when the retina separates from the layers underneath it.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2024-10-11 |title=Detached Retina |url=https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/detached-torn-retina |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=American Academy of Ophthalmology |language=en}}</ref> This impairs its function, potentially leading to vision loss.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=Retinal Detachment {{!}} National Eye Institute |url=https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/retinal-detachment |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.nei.nih.gov}}</ref> Retinal detachment often requires urgent medical intervention to prevent permanent vision loss.<ref name=":2" />

Retinal detachments are divided into three main types based on their distinct causes.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Types and Causes of Retinal Detachment {{!}} National Eye Institute |url=https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/retinal-detachment/types-and-causes-retinal-detachment |access-date=2024-12-04 |website=www.nei.nih.gov}}</ref>

* '''Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment''' is caused by a tear or break in the retina.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6">{{Cite book |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/c2013-0-19108-8 |title=Kanski's Synopsis of Clinical Ophthalmology |date=2023 |publisher=Elsevier |doi=10.1016/c2013-0-19108-8 |isbn=978-0-7020-8373-0}}</ref> This allows [[Vitreous body|vitreous humor]], the fluid that normally sits in the center of the eye, to build up behind the retina.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> As a result, the retina can eventually separate from the tissues underneath it.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7">{{Citation |last1=Blair |first1=Kyle |title=Retinal Detachment |date=2024 |work=StatPearls |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551502/ |access-date=2024-12-04 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=31855346 |last2=Czyz |first2=Craig N.}}</ref> This is the most common type of retinal detachment.<ref name=":5" />
* '''Tractional retinal detachment''' occurs when scar tissue on the retina exerts a pulling force, leading to detachment.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":7" /> This is occurs in the absence of retinal tears or breaks and is most commonly associated with abnormal blood vessel growth due to proliferative [[diabetic retinopathy]].<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> Other causes include trauma, [[Central retinal vein occlusion|retinal vein occlusion]], [[sickle cell retinopathy]], and [[retinopathy of prematurity]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8">{{Cite book |title=Basic and Clinical Science Course Section 12: Retina and Vitreous |publisher=American Academy of Ophthalmology |year=2023–2024 |pages=}}</ref>
* '''Exudative retinal detachment''' occurs when fluid accumulates beneath the retina, causing it to detach.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /> This occurs in the absence of retinal tears or breaks. Common causes include [[Macular degeneration|age-related macular degeneration]], inflammatory diseases, ocular tumors, and injuries to the eye.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" />