Editing Retirement age (section)

==History and establishment==
{{Main|History of retirement}}
The first recorded use of a state pension was established in the [[Roman Empire]] in 13 BC by [[Augustus]] for [[military veteran]]s who had served for at least 16 years in a [[Roman legion|legion]] and four years in the [[Military reserve force|reserves]]. This was later increased to 20 years in a legion and five years in the reserves.<ref name="auto3">Clark, R. L., Craig, L. A., & Wilson, J. W. (n.d.). A History of Public Sector Pensions in the United States. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4011: University of Pennsylvania Press. Retrieved from https://pensionresearchcouncil.wharton.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/0-8122-3714-5-3.pdf</ref> 

The first retirement age was set in Germany by [[Otto von Bismarck]] in 1881, originally at 70, before being reduced to 65 in 1916.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Social Security Administration |title=Otto von Bismarck |url=https://www.ssa.gov/history/ottob.html |website=Social Security History |access-date=12 September 2022}}</ref> Following this, more countries began to adopt an official retirement age, such as Britain with the passage of the [[Old Age Pensions Act 1908]], which set the initial retirement age at 70 before it was reduced to 65 for men and 60 for women with the passage of the [[National Insurance Act 1946]]. 

The United States adopted an initial retirement age of 65, under the bill of the [[Social Security Act of 1935]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Costa |first1=Dora |title=The Evolution of Retirement |url=https://www.nber.org/system/files/chapters/c6108/c6108.pdf |access-date=21 January 2023 |website=National Bureau of Economic Research |publisher=University of Chicago Press |page=17}}</ref> By the mid-20th century, almost all countries had adopted a retirement age.