Editing Revelation (section)

==Types==
===Individual revelation===
[[Thomas Aquinas]] believed in two types of individual revelation from [[God in Christianity|God]], ''[[general revelation]]'' and ''[[special revelation]]''. In [[general revelation]], God reveals himself through his creation, such that at least some truths about God can be learned by the [[empiricism|empirical]] study of [[Physis|nature]], [[physics]], [[cosmology]], etc., to an individual. Special revelation is the knowledge of God and spiritual matters which can be discovered through [[supernatural]] means, such as scripture or miracles, by individuals. [[Direct revelation]] refers to communication from God to someone in particular.<ref>
{{cite web 
|url         = https://www.porseman.com/article/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%8A/42800
|title       = انواع وحی 
|trans-title = Types of Revelation
|language    = fa
|access-date = 22 December 2024
}}
</ref>

Though one may deduce the existence of God and some of God's attributes through general revelation, certain specifics may be known only through special revelation. Aquinas believed that special revelation is equivalent to the revelation of God in Jesus. The major theological components of Christianity, such as the [[Trinity]] and the [[Incarnation]], are revealed in the teachings of the church and the scriptures and may not otherwise be deduced. The teachings of [[Muhammad]], the prophet of [[Islam]], are also of this nature. The holy book of [[Muslims]], the [[Quran]], is the product of a special revelation from God to Muhammad, which led to the emergence of the last divine religion, [[Islam]]. Special revelation and general revelation are complementary rather than contradictory in nature. That is, in understanding a "special revelation", first a "general revelation" provides the conditions, and after that "special revelation" occurs, the subsequent conditions for the occurrence of the "general revelation" also change at will.<ref>
{{cite web 
|url         = https://www.porseman.com/article/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%89-%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%89-%D9%88-%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A2%D9%86/20231
|title       = معناى وحى و اقسام آن
|trans-title = The meaning of revelation and its types
|language    = fa
|access-date = 22 December 2024
}}
</ref>

According to [[Dumitru Stăniloae]], [[Eastern Orthodox Church]]’s position on general/special revelation is in stark contrast to [[Protestantism|Protestant]] and [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] theologies that see a clear difference between general and special revelation and tend to argue that the former is not sufficient to salvation. In Orthodox Christianity, he argues, there is no separation between the two and supernatural revelation merely embodies the former in historical persons and actions.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Staniloae|first=Staniloae|title=Orthodox Dogmatic Theology: The Experience of God v. 1 (Orthodox Dogmatic Theology, Volume 1 : Revelation and Knowledge of the Triune God|publisher=T.& T.Clark Ltd|year=2000|isbn=978-0917651700}}</ref>

"[[Continuous revelation]]" is a term for the theological position that God continues to reveal divine principles or commandments to humanity.<ref>
{{cite web 
|url         = https://www.hawzahnews.com/news/376932/%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%87-%DA%86%D9%87-%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85
|title       = از مکاشفه چه می‌دانیم؟
|date = 20 April 2016
|trans-title = What do we know about Revelation?
|language    = fa
|access-date = 22 December 2024
}}
</ref>

In the 20th century, religious [[existentialists]] proposed that revelation held no content in and of itself but rather that God inspired people with his presence by coming into contact with them. Revelation is a human response that records how we respond to God.<ref>
{{cite web 
|url         = https://bookapo.com/mag/lifestyle/existentialism/
|title       = اگزیستانسیالیسم به زبان ساده
|date = 2 May 2023
|trans-title = Existentialism in simple terms
|language    = fa
|access-date = 22 December 2024
}}
</ref>

The philosopher [[Friedrich Nietzsche]] wrote of his personal experience of inspiration and his own experience of “the idea of revelation” in his work ''[[Ecce Homo (book)|Ecce Homo]]'':<ref>{{cite book |last1=Nietzsche |first1=Friedrich |editor1-last=Levy |editor1-first=Oscar |translator1-last=Ludovici |translator1-first=Anthony M. |title=The Complete Works of Friedrich Nietzsche. Vol. 17 Ecce Homo |date=1911 |publisher=The MacMillan Company |location=New York |pages=101–102 |url=https://archive.org/details/TheCompleteWorksOfFriedrichNietzschevol.17-EcceHomo |access-date=3 May 2022}}</ref>
{{Blockquote|Has any one at the end of the nineteenth century any distinct notion of what poets of a stronger age understood by the word inspiration? If not, I will describe it. If one had the smallest vestige of superstition left in one, it would hardly be possible completely to set aside the idea that one is the mere incarnation, mouthpiece, or medium of an almighty power. The idea of revelation, in the sense that something which profoundly convulses and upsets one becomes suddenly visible and audible with indescribable certainty and accuracy—describes the simple fact. One hears—one does not seek; one takes—one does not ask who gives: a thought suddenly flashes up like lightning, it comes with necessity, without faltering—I have never had any choice in the matter.}}

===Public revelation===
[[File:The Ten Commandments (Bible Card).jpg|thumb|right|upright|100px|The mass-revelation at [[Mount Horeb]] in an illustration from a Christian Bible card published by the Providence Lithograph Company, 1907]]
Some religious groups believe a deity has been revealed or spoken to a large group of people or have legends to a similar effect. In the [[Book of Exodus]], [[Yahweh]] is said to have given [[Ten Commandments]] to the [[Israelites]] at [[Biblical Mount Sinai|Mount Sinai]]. In [[Christianity]], the [[Book of Acts]] describes the [[Pentecost|Day of Pentecost]] wherein the Holy Spirit descended on the disciples of [[Jesus]] in the form of fire that they began praising in tongues and experienced mass revelation. The [[Lakota people]] believe [[White Buffalo Calf Woman|Ptesáŋwiŋ]] spoke directly to the people in the establishment of Lakota religious traditions.<ref>
{{cite web 
|url         = https://historiablog.org/2023/09/15/ptesanwin-espirito-sagrado-dos-indigenas-da-america-do-norte/
|title       = Ptesáŋwiŋ, espírito sagrado dos indígenas da América do Norte
|date = 16 September 2023
|trans-title = Ptesáŋwiŋ, sacred spirit of the indigenous people of North America
|language    = it
|access-date = 26 December 2024
}}
</ref> Some versions of an [[Aztec mythology|Aztec legend]] tell of [[Huitzilopochtli]] speaking directly to the Aztec people upon their arrival at [[Anahuac (Aztec)|Anåhuac]].<ref>
{{cite web 
|url         = https://www.britannica.com/topic/Huitzilopochtli
|title       = Huitzilopochtli - Aztec God of War & Sun Worship
|trans-title = اویتسیلوپوچتلی - خدای جنگ و پرستش خورشید آزتک
|language    = en
|access-date = 26 December 2024
}}
</ref> Historically, some [[List of people who have been considered deities|emperors, cult leaders, and other figures]] have also been deified and treated as though their words are themselves revelations.<ref>
{{cite web 
|url         = https://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/7535183/%D8%AD%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%82-%DA%A9%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B4%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%AA%DA%A9-%DA%86%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A2%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B8%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%85%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF-%D8%AF%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84-%DA%86%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%85%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF-%D9%88-%DA%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87-%D9%85%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%AF
|title       = حقایق کمتر شنیده شده درباره تک چشمی که در آخرالزمان ظهور می‌کند؛ دجال چه فتنه‌ای می‌کند و چگونه کشته می‌شود؟
|trans-title = Lesser-heard facts about the one-eyed man who will appear at the end of time; what sedition will the Antichrist cause and how will he be killed?
|language    = fa
|access-date = 22 December 2024
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite web 
|url         = https://parsi.euronews.com/2024/06/15/birth-of-rare-white-buffalo-calf-in-yellowstone-park-fulfills-lakota-prophecy
|title       = «ظهور دوم مسیح بر زمین»؛ بومیان لاکوتا تولد بوفالوی سفید در پارک ملی یلواستون را جشن می‌گیرند
|date = 15 June 2024
|trans-title = "The Second Coming of Christ on Earth"; Lakota Native Americans Celebrate Birth of White Buffalo in Yellowstone National Park
|language    = fa
|access-date = 22 December 2024
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite web 
|url         = https://www.karnaval.ir/blog/%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B2-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B3-%D8%B5%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%87-%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AC-%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B7%DB%8C%D9%86
|title       = تا مرز ترس - صخره‌ی برج شیاطین
|trans-title = To the Edge of Fear - Devils' Tower Rock
|language    = fa
|access-date = 22 December 2024
}}
</ref>