Editing Ritchie's Archipelago (section)

==Etymology==
The archipelago is named after an 18th-century [[British Empire|British]] [[marine surveyor]], [[John Ritchie (marine surveyor)|John Ritchie]], who spent nearly two decades in the employ of the Council of Bengal charting and documenting the Andaman's and surrounding regions.  The individual islands are largely named after British generals and civil officials serving in India at the time of the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].

Of the archipelago which now bears his name, Ritchie's accounts and maps were the first reliable sources of information on the islands, which until then were very sketchily known to Europeans. Ritchie was one who championed that the [[British Raj|British administration in India]] make further investigation and use of the Andamans. During Ritchie's time these entreaties were largely ignored. Perhaps frustrated and disillusioned after years of thankless work under difficult circumstances, Ritchie requested to be returned for home leave, which he was in 1787. An extract from his parting note to his superiors explained:

<blockquote>''"The condition of my health being such as requires an immediate change of climate... after a series of 19 years continuous service in the office of Marine Surveyor, I hope there is no impropriety in my requesting the favour, also... to continue my allowance to me... It is a small salary, and the receipt of it has been the only advantage I have ever reaped from the Company's service, and because my Line of Service, from its singularity, has had no gradation of advancement... whilst its Duties have been uncommonly severe, uncommonly hazardous, and equally unprofitable; for what advantage could be obtained from tracking a Labyrinth of Woods and Rivers? Or from exploring the Shoals of a shelving and broken Sea Coast? All of which uninhabited, and seldom visited, except perhaps in the disastrous case of shipwreck... In the meantime it has been from my Labours, that the Hon'ble Company have obtained all authentic knowledge of the Sea Coast and Tide Rivers of their possessions in Bengal, together with other services more important and beneficial."''<ref>Ritchie overstates the "uninhabited" nature of the islands, since he was well aware of the existence of the indigenous tribes, and had spent some time in the company and direct presence of several of them</ref></blockquote>

Two years after Ritchie's departure, an attempt was made to set up a colony in the Andamans, but this was aborted after only a few years. It was not until 1867 that a permanent European presence was established, when the whole islands were [[annexation|annexed]] by the British and a [[penal colony]] established at [[Ross Island, South Andaman district|Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Island]] (Ross Island) on [[South Andaman Island]].