Editing River monitor (section)

==United States==
[[File:USS Neosho (1863-1873) - NH 60617.jpg|thumb|right|The Civil War era river monitor [[USS Neosho (1863)|''Neosho'']]]]
River monitors were used during the [[American Civil War]], playing an important role in the [[Mississippi River campaigns in the American Civil War|Mississippi River Campaigns]]. 
They also played a role in the [[Battle of Mobile Bay]]. The American Civil War river monitors were very large, weighing up to 1,300 tons.

On 18 December 1965, the US Navy, for the second time in one hundred years, authorized the reactivation of a [[brown-water navy]] for riparian operations in [[Vietnam War|South Vietnam]].  In July 1966, Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara authorized the formation of a [[Mobile Riverine Force]] (MRF);<ref>Carrico, p. 11</ref> a force that would bring back the  river monitor.

[[File:US riverboat using napalm in Vietnam.jpg|thumb|right|A [[Mobile Riverine Force]] monitor using [[napalm]] in the Vietnam War<ref>Carrico p. 82</ref>]]
The US Navy operated its [[Monitor (Vietnam War)|Monitors]] as part of their River Assault Flotilla One, which initially consisted of four River Assault Divisions (RAD); with RAD 91 containing three monitors, RAD 92 having two monitors, RAD 111 having three monitors, and RAD 112 operating two monitors.<ref>Carrico, p. 12</ref>

The Vietnam monitors were divided into two programs; program 4 would consist of the 40&nbsp;mm gun monitors, while the later program 5 would entail the eight Monitor (H) Howitzer versions, and the six Monitor (F) Flamethrower models.<ref>Carrico p. 63</ref>  All of the monitors were converted from [[World War II]] {{convert|56|ft|m|adj=on}} long [[Landing Craft Mechanized]] (LCMs) Mk 6s.<ref>Carrico, p. 16, 17</ref>  When completed, they were {{convert|60|ft|m}} long, {{convert|17|ft|}} wide, with a [[Draft (hull)|draft]] of {{convert|3+1/2|ft|m}}, had two screws driven by two Gray Marine model 64NH9 [[diesel engine]]s, could do {{convert|8.5|kn|lk=in}} and were manned by usually 11 or more crewmen.<ref>Carrico, p. 63</ref>  They usually carried about ten tons of armor.

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:97%;"
!colspan="4" | US Navy Brown Water Navy River Monitors (Vietnam)<ref>
Monitor Specifications, U.S. Navy Mobile Riverine Force, {{cite web |url=http://www.mrfa.org/Monitor.specs.htm |title=Monitor - Specifications |access-date=2010-01-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100716121341/http://www.mrfa.org/Monitor.specs.htm |archive-date=2010-07-16 }}
</ref>
|-
!
!Generation-One Type
!Generation-Two Type/Flame
!Generation-Two Type/Howitzer
|- align="center"
!Length
|{{cvt|61|ft|0|in|order=flip|1}}
|colspan="2"|{{cvt|60|ft|6|in|order=flip|1}}
|- align="center"
!Width
|colspan="3"|{{cvt|17|ft|6|in|order=flip|1}}
|- align="center"
!Draft
|colspan="3"|{{cvt|3|ft|6|in|order=flip|1}}
|- align="center"
!Engines
|colspan="3"|2 Gray Marine 64HN9 diesels; {{cvt|220|hp|order=flip}} at 2100 rpm
|- align="center"
!Speed
|colspan="3"|{{convert|8.5|kn|kph}}
|- align="center"
!Crew
|colspan="3"|11
|-
!Armament
|valign="top"|
*1 81&nbsp;mm mortar
*1 40&nbsp;mm auto-cannon
*1 20&nbsp;mm cannon
*2 [[Mk 18 Mod 0 grenade launcher|Mk 18 grenade launchers]]
*3 [[M79 grenade launcher]]s
*2 .50 cal. machine guns
*4 7.62&nbsp;mm machine guns
|valign="top"|
*2 20&nbsp;mm cannons
*2 200m range flamethrowers
*3 M79 grenade launchers
*2 .50 cal. machine guns
|valign="top"|
*1 105&nbsp;mm howitzer
*2 20&nbsp;mm cannons
*3 M79 grenade launchers
*2 .50 cal. machine guns
*1 7.62&nbsp;mm machine gun
|}