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Robert Badinter
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== Early life == Robert Badinter was born on 30 March 1928, in Paris to Simon Badinter and Charlotte Rosenberg.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=20ème anniversaire de l'abolition de la peine de mort en France: Robert Badinter, repères biographiques|trans-title=20th anniversary of the abolition of the death penalty in France: biography of Robert Badinter|url=https://www.senat.fr/evenement/archives/D22/badinter.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303214510/https://www.senat.fr/evenement/archives/D22/badinter.html|archive-date=3 March 2016|access-date=2 December 2020|website=www.senat.fr|language=fr}}</ref> His [[Bessarabia]]n Jewish family had immigrated to France in 1921 to escape [[pogrom]]s. During World War II, after the Nazi occupation of Paris, his family sought refuge in Lyon. His father was captured in the 1943 [[Rue Sainte-Catherine Roundup]] and deported with other Jews to the [[Sobibor extermination camp]], where he was murdered shortly thereafter.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|last=Ivry|first=Benjamin|date=1 July 2010|title=Robert Badinter, Defender of Life and Liberty|url=https://forward.com/schmooze/129144/robert-badinter-defender-of-life-and-liberty/|url-access=limited|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924223922/https://forward.com/schmooze/129144/robert-badinter-defender-of-life-and-liberty/|archive-date=24 September 2020|access-date=2 December 2020}}</ref> Badinter graduated in law from [[Paris Law Faculty]] of the [[University of Paris]]. He then went to the United States to continue his studies at [[Columbia University]] in New York City, where he got his [[Master of Arts|MA]]. He continued his studies again at [[University of Paris|the Sorbonne]] until 1954.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://icomdp.org/comission/robert-badinter/|title=Robert Badinter – International Commission Against the Death Penalty|access-date=2 April 2021|archive-date=2 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202213010/https://icomdp.org/comission/robert-badinter/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1965, Badinter was appointed a professor at University of Sorbonne. He continued as an [[Emeritus]] professor until 1996.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.franceculture.fr/personne-robert-badinter.html|title=Robert Badinter : biographie, actualités et émissions France Culture|website=France Culture|access-date=15 October 2019|archive-date=15 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015081532/https://www.franceculture.fr/personne-robert-badinter.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
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