Editing Roberto Moreno (section)

==Career==

===Early career===
After winning the 1976 Brazilian 125cc Karting championship, Moreno set his sights on getting to Europe. He arrived in England in 1979, to race in his first season in [[Formula Ford]]. He did some races with  Marc Smith racing who was the works Royale driver for that year. Marc had a two car transporter to take his and Roberto's car. Roberto was the driver and the mechanic for his Royale car. [[Ralt]] owner/designer [[Ron Tauranac]] lent Moreno an old shed to work out of as his home base. He had a couple of good results, and these convinced Ralph Firman Sr, to sign him as a works [[Van Diemen]] driver for the 1980 season. Whilst driving for Firman, he would win the Townsend Thoresen British Formula Ford title, winning eight races in the process. Meanwhile, in Europe, he drove the same car to three more victories, earning himself second place in the EFDA Townsend Thoresen Euroseries Formula Ford 1600 Championship. His also finished 4th in the RAC British series and 6th the P&O Ferries series. He then rounded out the season by winning the Formula Ford Festival. Moreno would return to race at the Formula Ford Festival in the same car at the 50th anniversary of the  Festival in 2021.<ref name="driverdb">{{cite web |url = https://www.driverdb.com/drivers/roberto-moreno/ |title = Roberto Moreno &VerticalBar; Racing career profile &VerticalBar; Driver Database |author = <!--Not stated--> |website = Driver Database | date = | access-date = 2024-08-06 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220830144536/https://www.driverdb.com/drivers/roberto-moreno/ | archive-date = 2022-08-30}}</ref><ref name="grandprix.com">{{cite web |url=http://grandprix.com/ft/ft00052.html |title=Interview – Roberto Moreno |publisher=Grandprix.com |date=1990-11-01 |access-date=2015-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016121418/http://www.grandprix.com/ft/ft00052.html |archive-date=16 October 2017 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

Moreno's success alerted the attention of no lesser person than [[Colin Chapman]], the successful owner and founder of [[Formula One]]'s [[Team Lotus]]. Roberto only returned to Europe in 1981, because Chapman had given him a F1 testing contract with enough money to continue racing. With these funds, he raced [[Formula Three]], but money was tight. Despite that, paired with Barron Racing, he managed to win two races, however he was more successful across the Atlantic the following season, racing in the CASC North American Formula Atlantic Championship, defeating [[Al Unser Jr.]] in a supporting race at the [[1982 United States Grand Prix West]] in [[Long Beach, California|Long Beach]]. Later in 1982, he made another big impression by winning the Grand Prix de Trois-Rivières. Prior to that victory, Moreno had found some money to do half a season in the [[British Formula 3 Championship]] with Ivens Lumar Racing, winning three races in the process, before he was given the opportunity to drive at the [[1982 Dutch Grand Prix]] at [[Circuit Park Zandvoort|Zandvoort]] for Lotus, though he ultimately failed to qualify.<ref name="grandprix.com"/><ref name="oldracingcars.com">{{cite web|author=Allen Brown |url=http://www.oldracingcars.com/results/result.php?RaceID=K82H |title=Trois-Rivières, 5 Sep 1982 – Canadian Formula Atlantic |publisher=Oldracingcars.com |access-date=2015-12-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Allen Brown |url=http://www.oldracingcars.com/f3/uk/1982/ |title=British Formula 3 1982 |publisher=Oldracingcars.com |access-date=2015-12-03}}</ref>

===Australian Grand Prix (1981–1984)===

In this period, Moreno (who like his friend [[Nelson Piquet]] was managed by [[Australians|Australian]] Greg "Pee Wee" Siddle) was a popular triple winner of the [[Australian Grand Prix]] in [[1981 Australian Grand Prix|1981]], [[1983 Australian Grand Prix|1983]] and [[1984 Australian Grand Prix|1984]], before it became a Formula One World Championship race from [[1985 Australian Grand Prix|1985]]. These wins came in the days when the Grand Prix was a [[Formula Mondial]] race held at [[Melbourne]]'s 1.6&nbsp;km (1.0&nbsp;mi) [[Calder Park Raceway]]. He often defeated current or past World Drivers' Champions to win the AGP, including Piquet, [[Alan Jones (racing driver)|Alan Jones]], [[Niki Lauda]] and [[Keke Rosberg]], as well as other F1 drivers such as [[Jacques Laffite]], [[Andrea de Cesaris]] and [[François Hesnault]]. In the only Australian Grand Prix he competed in but did not win during the period ([[1982 Australian Grand Prix|1982]]), he finished third behind future four time World Champion [[Alain Prost]], and [[Equipe Ligier|Ligier]] F1 driver Laffite. In all of his pre-F1 Australian Grand Prix drives, Moreno drove a [[Formula Pacific]] or [[Formula Mondial]] [[Ralt|Ralt RT4]] powered by a 1.6 litre [[Ford BDA|Ford]] [[Straight-4|4cyl engine]].{{cn|date=January 2025}}

===F1 substitute (1982 and 1987)===
[[File:Moreno at 1982 Dutch Grand Prix.jpg|thumb|left|Moreno at the [[1982 Dutch Grand Prix]].]]
Moreno was winning races in Formula Atlantic, Formula Mondial and Formula Three, when he received a call-up from [[Colin Chapman]] to stand in for [[Nigel Mansell]] at [[Team Lotus|Lotus]] at the [[1982 Dutch Grand Prix]] after Mansell broke his wrist in the previous Grand Prix in [[1982 Canadian Grand Prix|Canada]]. Prior to this, [[Theodore Racing]]'s [[Jan Lammers]] broke a thumb during the [[1982 Detroit Grand Prix|Detroit Grand Prix]] and team owner [[Teddy Yip (businessman)|Teddy Yip]] wanted Moreno to take over the seat, however Chapman refused to release him. Then during the race in [[Montréal]], Mansell injured his wrist, allowing for Moreno to stand in. This soon turned into a nightmare, as the [[Lotus 91]] was a beast to handle, Moreno had barely driven the car, as regular drivers, Mansell and [[Elio de Angelis]] did most of the testing, with Moreno being restricted to the older [[Lotus 87B]] and [[Lotus 88]] models. Moreno failed to come to grips with the Lotus 91, with his best qualifying lap over two seconds away from making the grid. At the end of 1982, Lotus released him from his duties as test driver and it took his reputation a while to recover from this poor showing.<ref name=Jones>Bruce Jones, "The Complete Encyclopedia of Formula One: The Ultimate Guide to the World's Most Exciting Sport" (Carlton Books Ltd, {{ISBN|978-1858685151}}, 1998)</ref><ref name="8w.forix.com">{{cite web|url=http://8w.forix.com/moreno2.html |title=8W - Who? - Roberto Moreno |publisher=8w.forix.com |access-date=2015-12-03}}</ref><ref name="second-a-lap.blogspot.co.uk">{{Cite web|url=http://second-a-lap.blogspot.co.uk/search?q=moreno|title = A Second a Lap}}</ref>

He was to get another chance, but that Dutch race handicapped him for a number of years. At the end of the {{f1|1987}} season he was called up to replace [[Pascal Fabre]] for the [[Automobiles Gonfaronnaises Sportives|AGS]] team at the [[1987 Japanese Grand Prix|Japanese Grand Prix]]. Five years after the Lotus fiasco, Moreno was set to make his debut, except he was the slowest of all and once again did not qualify. However, [[WilliamsF1|Williams]] driver Nigel Mansell injured himself during practice and the team subsequently withdrew his entry, thus letting Moreno in for his debut Grand Prix. In the following race, the [[1987 Australian Grand Prix|Australian Grand Prix]], he drove the ungainly [[AGS JH22|JH22]] between the walls of the [[Adelaide Street Circuit]] to finish a fine 7th, while others hit the walls and broke their cars. Following post-race scrutineering, [[Ayrton Senna]]'s [[Lotus 99T|Lotus]]-[[Honda F1|Honda]] was disqualified from 2nd for oversized brake ducts and Moreno was promoted to 6th place, scoring his, and the team's, first-ever point in Formula One.<ref name="Jones"/><ref name="8w.forix.com"/><ref name="second-a-lap.blogspot.co.uk"/>

===In between years===

Moreno went back to North America with Siddle. A sponsor had been found for a whole season of Formula Atlantic, but the support race at [[1983 United States Grand Prix West|Long Beach GP]] was changed to a Super Vee, then he lost his sponsor. Despite the set-back, his new team, Theodore Racing went off and won the first race at [[Willow Springs International Motorsports Park|Willow Springs]]. With the prize money, he did two more races, before the team stopped racing. Luckily for Moreno, the team owner, Teddy Yip help finance a move to another team.  He won four races, while championship rival, [[Michael Andretti]] won three. Moreno missed out on the title as every time he won, Andretti would finish second.{{cn|date=January 2025}}

For 1984, Roberto decided to return to Europe to race F3. Whilst pre-season testing with [[West Surrey Racing]], he got an invitation from Tauranac to join the works [[Ralt]] [[Formula Two]] team. Moreno finished runner-up to [[Mike Thackwell]], the pair dominated the final [[1984 European Formula Two season|European Formula Two Championship]], in their Ralt-Hondas. He tasted victory at the [[Hockenheimring|Hockenheim]] and [[Donington Park]] races. Tauranac wanted Moreno to stay for the inaugural [[International Formula 3000]] season (1985), but Moreno had been testing the [[Toleman]] at the end of 1984, with Senna's car. He look set to get a drive with the team, only to be told that they did not have any tyres, and the deal fell through. A move to Indycars was next for Roberto with [[Rick Galles]]'s [[Galles Racing]], as he had seen Moreno impress frequently. The deal was for Roberto to drive in the road race. He was invited to do a full campaign in 1986, however they had problems with the car and did not have any good results. When he was unable to find a full-time Indycar drive, he decided to try to get into F3000 driving with Ralt. During that season, he won [[Mediterranean Grand Prix|Gran Premio del Mediterraneo]], together with some consistent finishing saw him finished 3rd overall, before receiving the call to join up with AGS.<ref name="8w.forix.com"/><ref name="second-a-lap.blogspot.co.uk"/>

Moreno almost joined the [[Brabham]] Formula One team in {{f1|1984}}. On the suggestion of his friend, Brabham lead driver and defending World Champion Nelson Piquet, Brabham team owner [[Bernie Ecclestone]] almost signed the young Brazilian to drive the team's #2 [[Brabham BT53|car]]. However, this opportunity for Moreno came to nothing when Brabham's Italian based sponsor [[Parmalat]] insisted on having an Italian driver as Piquet's teammate. This led to the unique situation where Ecclestone signed brothers [[Teo Fabi|Teo]] and [[Corrado Fabi]] to share the drive in the car. Teo was the main driver, but as he was already contracted to race in the [[United States]] based [[Champ Car|CART/PPG World Series]] for [[Forsythe Racing]], Corrado, who had driven for [[Osella]] in {{f1|1983}}, substituted for him in 3 races where the respective F1 and CART schedules clashed.

His performance at AGS did not get him a seat in F1. He went to Bromley Motorsport in F3000. The team, owned by Ron Salt, had [[Gary Anderson (motorsport)|Gary Anderson]] as its Technical Director, with whom Roberto had worked with at Galles. With help from [[Reynard Motorsport]], they began the season with virtually no money. Revenge was sweet, when Moreno took a sponsorless [[Reynard Motorsport|Reynard-Cosworth 88D]] to the title by winning three early-season races, at [[Pau Grand Prix|Pau]], [[Silverstone Circuit|Silverstone]] and [[Autodromo Nazionale Monza|Monza]] in a row. A fourth win came in the [[Birmingham Superprix]].<ref name="8w.forix.com"/>

Also in 1988, he made an appearance at [[Snetterton Circuit|Snetterton]] in the Celebrity Car in the inaugural Honda CR-X Challenge.<ref>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=xugK75GfJXU</ref><ref>https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/august-1988/24/image-enhancer/</ref>

===F1 substitute (1989–1995)===

Not even winning the [[1988 International Formula 3000 season|FIA International Formula 3000]] Championship in 1988 in an unsponsored Reynard 88D made the impression needed for a big team to recruit him. Instead, he signed a testing contract with [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]], who helped him land a racing drive with the ambitious [[Scuderia Coloni|Coloni]] outfit. The car was never competitive and Moreno only made the grid four times out of 16 attempts.<ref name="8w.forix.com"/><ref name="second-a-lap.blogspot.co.uk"/><ref name="http://8w.forix.com/moreno.html">{{cite web|url=http://8w.forix.com/moreno.html |title=8W - Who? - Roberto Moreno |publisher=8w.forix.com |access-date=2015-12-03}}</ref>[[File:Roberto Moreno 1991 USA.jpg|thumb|left|Moreno driving for [[Benetton Formula|Benetton]] at the [[1991 United States Grand Prix]].]]

Initially, 1990 seemed to be even less promising, with Moreno signing for the nosediving [[EuroBrun]] outfit, qualifying for just 2 out of the first 14 races of the season. However, shortly after being informed the team would not be competing in the last two rounds of the season, he was contacted by [[Benetton Formula|Benetton]] to drive their second car, with [[Alessandro Nannini]] having almost lost a hand in a helicopter crash following the [[1990 Spanish Grand Prix|Spanish Grand Prix]]. After qualifying 8th, he then shadowed his teammate, Piquet, coming home an excellent 2nd on his Benetton debut in the [[1990 Japanese Grand Prix]] at [[Suzuka Circuit|Suzuka]], although this result was helped by most other top cars dropping out, with [[Alain Prost]] and [[Ayrton Senna]] famously colliding at the first corner while their teammates [[Nigel Mansell]] (Ferrari) and [[Gerhard Berger]] (McLaren) would both retire. After then again qualifying 8th in the [[1990 Australian Grand Prix|Australian Grand Prix]] in [[Adelaide Street Circuit|Adelaide]] before going on to finish 7th (Piquet again won), Moreno got a full contract with Benetton for 1991 season.<ref name="8w.forix.com" /><ref name="second-a-lap.blogspot.co.uk" /><ref name="http://8w.forix.com/moreno.html" />

However, the [[Benetton B191]], on [[Pirelli]] tyres, was not as competitive as anticipated, and Moreno's best results were 4th place at the [[1991 Monaco Grand Prix|Monaco Grand Prix]] and the [[1991 Belgian Grand Prix|Belgian Grand Prix]].  In the latter race, Moreno made the fastest lap, but this was overshadowed by F1 debutant [[Michael Schumacher]] (driving for the [[Jordan Grand Prix|Jordan]] team); this would be Moreno's last race for Benetton before he was controversially paid off and dropped in favour of Schumacher. Schumacher had qualified 7th, and was up to 5th after the start when his clutch failed. The Benetton management, led by [[Tom Walkinshaw]] and team manager [[Flavio Briatore]], were after a driver to rebuild the team around, convinced that neither the aging Piquet or Moreno were that driver. Briatore and Walkinshaw engaged in some high-level dealing behind the scenes and managed to steal Schumacher from Jordan and Moreno was promptly fired. There are rumours to this day that Moreno was purposely driving within himself for the whole season in order to not show Piquet up (Piquet later admitted on Brazilian television in 2012 that after his qualifying accident at [[Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari|Imola]] in {{f1|1987}} in which he lost around 80% of his depth perception, he only stayed in Formula One "for the money"). As it was, Moreno was offered the vacant Jordan drive for the [[1991 Italian Grand Prix]], where he qualified a very respectable 9th (ahead of teammate [[Andrea de Cesaris]]). Unfortunately he spun off on the second lap and retired. He would race the next race in Portugal, and then replaced [[Gianni Morbidelli]] in the [[Minardi]], at the last race of the year in Adelaide, but Formula One seemed to have passed him by.<ref name="8w.forix.com"/><ref name="second-a-lap.blogspot.co.uk"/><ref name="http://8w.forix.com/moreno.html"/>

[[File:Roberto Moreno Forti 1995 Britain (crop).jpg|thumb|left|Moreno spent his last season of Formula One with the [[Forti]] team.]]

For the 1992 season, he found himself back with the minnows, signing for [[Andrea Moda Formula|Andrea Moda]]. The outfit had risen from the ashes of Scuderia Coloni, and after two non-starting races with [[Alex Caffi]] and [[Enrico Bertaggia]], decided to start over with Moreno and [[Perry McCarthy]] (who would later claim fame as the original [[The Stig|Stig]] on the [[BBC]] motoring show ''[[Top Gear (2002 TV series)|Top Gear]]''). Moreno and McCarthy faced an uphill struggle, with the uncompetitive team scrambling to even get to most races. Moreno would only qualify the under-tested, under-funded car once, for the [[1992 Monaco Grand Prix|Monaco Grand Prix]],<ref>{{cite news|access-date=2024-01-02|author=Roberto Brunelli|date=2023-08-05|language=it-IT|title=Last and Furious – la vera storia della Andrea Moda Formula|url=https://www.cagliariartmagazine.it/2023/08/05/last-and-furious-la-vera-storia-della-andrea-moda-formula/?fbclid=IwAR0xGIyjB74UVlvS9BzTKd_fVyQ9V0ZcywedHDVvEkGEEZ_wgDE9l91-8Hw}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> before the team collapsed following team owner [[Andrea Sassetti]]'s arrest at the [[1992 Belgian Grand Prix|Belgian Grand Prix]].<ref name="second-a-lap.blogspot.co.uk"/><ref name="http://8w.forix.com/moreno.html"/>

After the Andrea Moda disaster, he spent the next two seasons racing Italian and French [[Touring Cars]], and also attempted to qualify for the [[1994 Indianapolis 500]]. 1995 saw Moreno making a brief Formula One comeback, with the ambitious [[Forti]] team. Moreno's Brazilian heritage helped him land the drive. Sadly, their car was comparatively slow, and Moreno's best result was 14th in the [[1995 Belgian Grand Prix|Belgian Grand Prix]]. He would exit Formula One crashing into the pitlane wall at the [[1995 Australian Grand Prix|Australian Grand Prix]].<ref name="http://8w.forix.com/moreno.html"/>

===IndyCar===

1996 would see Moreno resume his [[Champ Car]] career, as he raced a [[Dale Coyne Racing|Payton-Coyne Racing]] [[Lola Cars|Lola]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]], finishing 3rd at [[Michigan International Speedway|Michigan]]. At the beginning of 1997, he quit Payton-Coyne for its lack of commitment. He drove for three teams during the 1997 season, earning the nickname "Supersub", with his best result of 5th at [[Detroit Indy Grand Prix|Detroit]] in a [[Newman/Haas/Lanigan Racing|Newman-Haas]] [[Swift Engineering|Swift]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]. Here, he replaced an injured [[Christian Fittipaldi]]. He outqualified the team leader, [[Michael Andretti]] on several occasions, but still could not pick up a competitive drive for 1998, instead accepting a testing role with [[Team Penske|Penske]].<ref name="http://8w.forix.com/moreno.html"/>

1998 was more barren, with just three drives. The following season again saw him take two different cars (Newman/Haas and [[PacWest Racing|PacWest]]), with two 4th places his best. In 1999 he also made his first [[Indy Racing League]] start at [[Phoenix International Raceway]] finishing 6th and returned to the [[Indianapolis 500]] after a 13 year absence finishing 20th for [[Truscelli Team Racing]]. Only in 2000, having subbed for [[Patrick Racing]] in the previous season, Roberto was granted a full-time seat in one of their [[Reynard Motorsport]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Fords]], and he led the series for much of the distance, before hitting a low patch, and losing out to [[Gil de Ferran]], eventually ranking 3rd overall.<ref name="http://8w.forix.com/moreno.html"/>

Moreno won his first Champ Car race at [[Cleveland Grand Prix|Cleveland]], and in a scene scarcely seen in motor racing, the emotional Moreno wept openly. It had been his first race victory since his Formula 3000 victory twelve years earlier. He won again for Patrick Racing at [[Molson Indy Vancouver|Vancouver]] the following year, but was less consistent and dropped to 13th in the standings.

In 2003 he drove for [[Minardi Team USA|Herdez Competition]], taking his [[Lola Cars|Lola]]-[[Cosworth]] to 2nd at [[XM Satellite Radio Indy 200|Miami]], and announced his retirement from [[motorsport]] at the end of the year.{{Citation needed|date=June 2015}}

[[File:Roberto Moreno 2007 Desafio Internacional das Estrelas.jpg|thumb|left|Moreno in 2007.]]
In April 2006, after just one outing in a Brazilian Stock Car at [[Autódromo Internacional Nelson Piquet|Jacarepaguá]], Moreno substituted for [[Ed Carpenter (racing driver)|Ed Carpenter]] at [[Vision Racing]], in the [[2006 Honda Grand Prix of St. Petersburg|Honda Grand Prix of St. Petersburg]].

In August of the same year, Moreno became the first driver to test the new [[Panoz]]-built Champ Car. According to former series champion [[Paul Tracy]], "''[Moreno's] a guy who's not going to go out there and make mistakes and go off the road. They need to put miles on the car and run it fairly quickly, and he's the perfect guy for the job.''"<ref>Kirby, Gordon, [http://www.champcarworldseries.com/News/Article.asp?ID=10684 Gordon Kirby's Inside Track] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060823092359/http://www.champcarworldseries.com/News/Article.asp?ID=10684 |date=2006-08-23 }}, ChampCarWorldSeries.com, August 1, 2006</ref>

After running thousands of miles of testing in the [[Panoz DP01]], Moreno got a chance to race it at the [[2007 Grand Prix of Houston]], substituting for the injured [[Alex Figge]] at [[Pacific Coast Motorsports]].<ref>[http://www.speedtv.com/articles/auto/champcar/36852/ Moreno to Replace Figge in Houston] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070524075200/http://www.speedtv.com/articles/auto/champcar/36852/ |date=2007-05-24 }}, SpeedTV.com, April 21, 2007</ref>

[[File:RobertoMorenoPracticing2007Indy500.jpg|thumb|right|Practicing for the [[2007 Indianapolis 500]]]]

Roberto drove as a replacement for an injured [[Stéphan Grégoire]] at the [[2007 Indianapolis 500]] for [[Chastain Motorsports]]. He crashed the car early in the race and finished in last place.