Editing Roman Breviary (section)

==Origin of name==
The Latin word ''breviarium'' generally signifies "abridgement, compendium". This wider sense has often been used by Christian authors, e.g. ''Breviarium fidei, Breviarium in psalmos, Breviarium canonum, Breviarium regularum''.<ref name=Catholic/>

In liturgical language specifically, "breviary" (''breviarium'') has a special meaning, indicating a book furnishing the regulations for the celebration of Mass or the canonical Office, and may be met with under the titles ''Breviarium Ecclesiastici Ordinis'', or ''Breviarium Ecclesiæ Romanæ''. In the 9th century, [[Alcuin]] uses the word to designate an office abridged or simplified for the use of the laity. [[Prudentius of Troyes]], about the same period, composed a ''Breviarium Psalterii''. In an ancient inventory occurs ''Breviarium Antiphonarii'', meaning "Extracts from the Antiphonary". In the ''Vita Aldrici'' occurs ''sicut in plenariis et breviariis Ecclesiæ ejusdem continentur''. Again, in the inventories in the catalogues, such notes as these may be met with: ''Sunt et duo cursinarii et tres benedictionales Libri; ex his unus habet obsequium mortuorum et unus Breviarius'', or, ''Præter Breviarium quoddam quod usque ad festivitatem S. Joannis Baptistæ retinebunt'', etc. [[Monte Cassino]] in c. 1100 obtained a book titled ''Incipit Breviarium sive Ordo Officiorum per totam anni decursionem''.<ref name=Catholic/>

From such references, and from others of a like nature, Quesnel gathers that by the word ''Breviarium'' was at first designated a book furnishing the rubrics, a sort of [[Directorium|Ordo]]. The usage of "breviary" to mean a book containing the entire canonical office appears to date from the 11th century.<ref name=Catholic/>

[[Pope Gregory VII]] (r. 1073&ndash;1085) having abridged the order of prayers, and having simplified the Liturgy as performed at the Roman Court, this abridgment received the name of Breviary, which was suitable, since, according to the etymology of the word, it was an abridgment. The name has been extended to books which contain in one volume, or at least in one work, liturgical books of different kinds, such as the Psalter, the Antiphonary, the Responsoriary, the Lectionary, etc. In this connection it may be pointed out that in this sense the word, as it is used nowadays, is illogical; it should be named a Plenarium rather than a Breviarium, since, liturgically speaking, the word Plenarium exactly designates such books as contain several different compilations united under one cover.<ref name=Catholic>{{Catholic |wstitle=Breviary|year=1913 |volume=2 |inline=1}}</ref>