Editing Roman Catechism (section)

==History==

During the [[Protestant Reformation]], the popular [[Tract (literature)|tracts]] and [[catechisms]] of [[Martin Luther]], [[John Calvin]] and other Reformers were sold in areas controlled by Protestant monarchs, who determined the faith in their region (see: ''[[Cuius regio, eius religio]]''). Catholic Catechisms, published by individuals existed as well. The [[Jesuit]] [[Petrus Canisius]] had published such a Catechism in 1555 in both [[German language|German]] and [[Latin]] language.<ref>Petrus Canisius, ( ed Friedrich Streicher), S P C CATECHISMI Latini et Germanici, I, Roma, Munich, 1933</ref> The [[Council of Trent]] commissioned the first Church-wide Roman Catholic catechism. This catechism was directed to clergy. It included large parts of the Canisius catechisms including his addition to the [[Hail Mary]]: ''Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners''.<ref>Petrus Canisius, Marienlexikon, Eos, St. Ottilien 1988</ref>[[Image:Carlo Borromeo.jpg|200px|thumb|right|[[Milan]]'s [[Archdiocese of Milan|Archbishop]] [[Carlo Borromeo|Charles Borromeo]] (1538–1584), later canonized as a saint, suggested the Roman Catechism.]]The Fathers of the council said they wished "to apply a salutary remedy to this great and pernicious evil, and thinking that the definition of the principal Catholic doctrines was not enough for the purpose, resolved also to publish a formulary and method for teaching the rudiments of the faith, to be used by all legitimate pastors and teachers" (Cat. praef., vii). This resolution was taken in the eighteenth session (26 February 1562) on the suggestion of [[Charles Borromeo]]; who was then giving full scope to his zeal for the reformation of the clergy. [[Pope Pius IV|Pius IV]] entrusted the composition of the Catechism to four distinguished theologians:<ref name=catholic/>

*[[Leonardo Marini]], [[Archbishop of Lanciano]];
*[[Muzio Calini]], [[Archbishop of Zara]];
*[[Egidio Foscarari]], [[Bishop of Modena]]; and
*[[Francisco Foreiro]], a Portuguese [[Dominican Order|Dominican]].

Three [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinals]] were appointed to supervise the work. Charles Borromeo superintended the redaction of the original Italian text, which was finished in 1564. Cardinal [[William Sirletus]] then gave it the final touches, and the famous [[Renaissance humanism|Humanists]], {{ill|Julius Pogianus|fr|Giulio Poggiani}} and [[Paulus Manutius]], translated it into classical [[Latin]]. It was then published in Latin and Italian as "Catechismus ex decreto Concilii Tridentini ad parochos Pii V jussu editus, Romae, 1566" (in-folio). Translations into the vernacular of every nation were ordered by the Council (Sess. XXIV, "De Ref.", c. vii).<ref name=catholic/>