Editing Roman Missal (section)

==History==

===Before the Council of Trent (1570)===
Before the high [[Middle Ages]], several books were used at Mass: a [[Sacramentary]] with the [[Catholic prayer|prayer]]s, one or more books for the [[Bible|Scriptural]] readings, and one or more books for the [[antiphon]]s and other chants. Gradually, manuscripts came into being that incorporated parts of more than one of these books, leading finally to versions that were complete in themselves. Such a book was referred to as a ''Missale Plenum''<ref>SILVA,Francisco de Assis Costa da; PACHECO,Marcio de Lima. RITVS ROMANVS ET RITVS PAULUS VI-  Um estudo sobre o Latim utilizado nos Missais Católicos Romanos  de 1000 a 1969. Revista de Filosofia e Teologia do Instituto Cardeal Eugênio Sales</ref> ({{langx|en|"Full Missal"}}).

In 1223 Saint [[Francis of Assisi]] instructed his friars to adopt the form that was in use at the Papal Court (''Rule'', chapter 3). They adapted this missal further to the needs of their largely itinerant apostolate. [[Pope Gregory IX]] considered, but did not put into effect, the idea of extending this missal, as revised by the [[Franciscan]]s, to the whole Western Church; and in 1277 [[Pope Nicholas III]] ordered it to be accepted in all churches in the city of Rome. Its use spread throughout Europe, especially after the invention of the [[Gutenberg press|printing press]]; but the editors introduced variations of their own choosing, some of them substantial. Printing also favoured the spread of other liturgical texts of less certain orthodoxy. The [[Council of Trent]] determined that an end must be put to the resulting disparities.

The chapel missal used during [[Innocent III]]'s papacy was largely reproduced in the Franciscan Missal, which in turn was adopted by Pope Nicholas for the Roman Missal.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jane A. Bernstein |title=Printing Music in Renaissance Rome |date=2024 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780197669631 |page=67}}</ref> The later Roman Missal of 1474, which replicates the papal chapel missal of the 1200s, "hardly differs at all" from the Tridentine Missal promulgated in 1570.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lauren Pristas |title=Collects of the Roman Missals A Comparative Study of the Sundays in Proper Seasons Before and After the Second Vatican Council |date=2013 |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |isbn=9780567033840 |page=67}}</ref>

The first printed ''Missale Romanum'' (Roman Missal), containing the ''Ordo Missalis secundum consuetudinem Curiae Romanae'' (Order of the Missal in accordance with the custom of the [[Roman Curia]]), was produced in [[Milan]] in 1474.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/missaleromanumm01churgoog|title=Missale romanum Mediolani, 1474|last=Catholic Church|date=1899|publisher=[Printed for the Society by Harrison and sons]|others=unknown library|language=la}}</ref> Almost a whole century passed before the appearance of an edition officially published by order of the [[Holy See]]. During that interval, the 1474 Milanese edition was followed by at least 14 other editions: 10 printed in [[Venice]], 3 in Paris, 1 in [[Lyon]].<ref>Manlio Sodi and Achille Maria Triacca, ''Missale Romanum: Editio Princeps (1570)'' (Vatican City: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1998), p. XV</ref> For lack of a controlling authority, these editions differ, sometimes considerably.<ref name=Celinsk/>

Annotations in the hand of [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal]] [[Gugliemo Sirleto]] in a copy of the 1494 Venetian edition<ref>''Missale secundum morem Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae'' (Missal in line with the use of the Holy Roman Church)</ref> show that it was used for drawing up the 1570 official edition of [[Pope Pius V]]. In substance, this 1494 text is identical with that of the 1474 Milanese edition.<ref name="Celinsk">{{Cite journal|last=Celiński|first=Łukasz|title=Per una rilettura della storia della formazione e dello sviluppo del Messale Romano. Il caso del Messale di Clemente V.|url=https://www.academia.edu/31464425}}</ref>

===From 1570 to the 1960s===
[[File:Missale Romanum Pustet.jpg|thumb|250px|"Missale Romanum": a 1911 printing of the 1884 typical edition]]
Implementing the decision of the Council of Trent, [[Pope Pius V]] promulgated, in the Apostolic Constitution ''[[Quo primum]]'' of 14 July 1570, an edition of the Roman Missal that was mandated for obligatory use throughout the [[Latin Church]] except where there was another liturgical rite that could be proven to have been in use for at least two centuries.

Some corrections to Pope Pius V's text proved necessary, and [[Pope Clement VIII]] with his papal bull [https://www.romanitaspress.com/cum-sanctissimum ''Cum Sanctissimum''], replaced it with a new [[Editio typica|typical edition]] of the Roman Missal on 7 July 1604. (In this context, the word "typical" means that the text is the one to which all other printings must conform.) A further revised typical edition was promulgated by [[Pope Urban VIII]] on 2 September 1634 with the papal bull ''[https://www.romanitaspress.com/si-quid-est Si Quid Est]''.

Beginning in the late seventeenth century, France and neighbouring areas saw a flurry of independent missals published by bishops. Some of these were editions of manuscript missals already existing prior to 1370, but had undergone modifications that in some cases touched on the arbitrary. Later accusations of influence by [[Jansenism]] and [[Gallicanism]] were largely unfounded, as is shown by the fact that the [[Holy See]] did never condemned these books. This historical phenomenon of diocesan missals ended, however, when  [[Abbot Guéranger]] and bishops such as Bishop [[Pierre-Louis Parisis]] of Langres initiated in the nineteenth century a vigorous polemical campaign in favour of a return to the Roman Missal. By 1875 all the French dioceses were using the Roman Missal. In 1884, [[Pope Leo XIII]] promulgated a new typical edition that took account of all the changes introduced since the time of Pope Urban VIII. 

[[File:Nouveau Paroissien Romain (1905).jpg|thumb|310px|A French prayerbook of 1905 containing extracts from the Roman Missal and the Roman Breviary of the time with French translations]]
[[Pope Pius X]] with the apostolic constitution ''[https://www.romanitaspress.com/divino-afflatu Divino afflatu]'', undertook a [[Reform of the Roman Breviary by Pope Pius X|revision of the Roman Missal]], which began in 1911 and was promulgated and declared typical by his successor [[Pope Benedict XV]] on 25 July 1920. Though Pius X's revision made few corrections, omissions, and additions to the text of the prayers in the Roman Missal, there were major changes in the rubrics, changes which were not incorporated in the section entitled "''Rubricae generales''", but were instead printed as an additional section under the heading "''Additiones et variationes in rubricis Missalis.''" Among the major changes in the rubrics, included the abolition of the Psalter of Pius V.

[[Pope Pius XII]] in 1948, established a commission for liturgical reform led by [[Annibale Bugnini]], who would later become one of the chief architects of the [[Mass of Paul VI|liturgical reforms of Paul VI]]. On 9 February 1951, Pius XII published the decree ''Dominicae Resurrectionis'' which authorized, in 1951 the introduction of revised  texts for [[Easter Vigil]]. The regulations were initially deemed "ad experimentum" for one year, but in 1952 they were extended for another three years. After positive reports from the world's bishops, these changes were made universally obligatory on 16 November 1955, with the decree [https://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/view.cfm?recnum=11136 ''Maxima Redemptionis Nostrae Mysteria''], which took effect on 25 March 1956 (Palm Sunday), which made substantial changes to [[Palm Sunday]], [[Maundy Thursday|Holy Thursday]], [[Good Friday]], and the [[Easter Vigil]]. Pius XII also removed from the Vigil of Pentecost, the series of six Old Testament readings, with their accompanying Tracts and Collects, but these continued to be printed until 1962.

Acceding to the wishes of many of the bishops, Pope Pius XII judged it expedient also to reduce the rubrics of the missal to a simpler form, a simplification enacted by a decree of the Sacred Congregation of Rites of 23 March 1955. The changes this made in the General Roman Calendar are indicated in [[General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII]].

In the following year, 1956, while preparatory studies were being conducted for a general liturgical reform, Pope Pius XII surveyed the opinions of the bishops on the liturgical improvement of the Roman breviary. After duly weighing the answers of the bishops, he judged that it was time to address the need for a general and systematic revision of the rubrics of the breviary and missal. This question he referred to the special committee of experts appointed to study the general liturgical reform.

His successor, [[Pope John XXIII]], with his apostolic letter [[Rubricarum instructum]],<ref>{{cite web | url=http://sanctaliturgia.blogspot.com/2005/11/rubricarum-instructum-english.html | title=Sancta Liturgia: Rubricarum Instructum (English) | date=November 2005 }}</ref> issued a new typical edition of the [[Tridentine Mass|Roman Missal]], which would be promulgated in 1962. This incorporated the revised [[Code of Rubrics]] which Pope Pius XII's commission had prepared, and which Pope John XXIII had made obligatory with effect from 1 January 1961. In the Missal, this Code of Rubrics replaced two of the documents in the 1920 edition; and the Pope's motu proprio ''Rubricarum instructum'' took the place of the superseded [[Apostolic constitution]] ''[[Reform of the Roman Breviary by Pope Pius X|Divino afflatu]]'' of Pope Pius X.

The notable changes in the 1962 Missal, incorporated were the omission of the adjective "''perfidis''" in the [[Good Friday Prayer for the Jews]] which had been removed in 1959, and the insertion of the name of [[Saint Joseph]] into the Canon (or Eucharistic Prayer) of the Mass on 8 December 1962. Before this addition, the Canon had largely remained unaltered, since the papacy of [[Pope Gregory I|Gregory I]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://adoremus.org/2021/01/q-pope-john-xxiii-added-st-joseph-to-the-canon-eucharistic-prayer-i-of-the-mass-in-1962-several-years-ago-st-joseph-was-also-added-to-eucharistic-prayers-ii-iii-and-iv-what-was-the-reason-for/#:~:text=John%20XXIII%20mandated%20that%20St,the%20newly%20composed%20eucharistic%20prayers | title=Q: Pope John XXIII added St. Joseph to the Canon (Eucharistic Prayer I) of the Mass in 1962. Several years ago St. Joseph was also added to Eucharistic Prayers II, III, and IV. What was the reason for adding St. Joseph to these prayers? | date=16 January 2021 }}</ref>

===Revision following the Second Vatican Council===
The instruction [https://adoremus.org/1964/09/inter-oecumenici/ ''Inter Oecumenici''] of 26 September 1964, that took effect on 7 March 1965, initiated the application to the Mass of the decisions that the Council had taken less than a year before. Permission was given for use, only in Mass celebrated with the people, the use of the vernacular , in the Biblical readings and the reintroduced Prayers of the Faithful, but, "until the whole of the Ordinary of the Mass has been revised", in the chants (Kyrie, Gloria, Creed, Sanctus, Agnus Dei, and the entrance, offertory and communion antiphons) and in the parts that involved dialogue with the people, and in the Our Father, which the people could now recite entirely together with the priest. Most Episcopal Conferences quickly approved interim vernacular translations, generally different from country to country, and, after having them confirmed by the Holy See, published them in 1965. Other changes included the omission of Psalm 43 (42) at the start of Mass and the Last Gospel at the end, both of which Pope Pius V had first inserted into the Missal (having previously been private prayers said by the priest in the sacristy), and the Leonine Prayers of [[Pope Leo XIII]]. The [[Canon of the Mass]], which continued to be recited silently, was kept in Latin.

Three years later, the second instruction [https://adoremus.org/2007/12/tres-abhinc-annos/ ''Tres abhinc annos''] of 4 May 1967 gave permission for use of the vernacular in the Canon of the Mass, and allowed it to be said audibly and even, in part, to be chanted; the vernacular could be used even at Mass celebrated without the people being present. Use of the [[maniple (vestment)|maniple]] was made optional, and at three ceremonies at which the [[cope]] was previously the obligatory vestment the chasuble could be used instead.

A new edition of the Roman Missal was promulgated by [[Pope Paul VI]] with the [[apostolic constitution]] ''[[Missale Romanum (apostolic constitution)|Missale Romanum]]'' of 3 April 1969. The full text of the revised Missal was not published until the following year, and full vernacular translations appeared some years later, but parts of the Missal in Latin were already available since 1964 in non-definitive form, and provisional translations appeared without delay.

In his apostolic constitution, Pope Paul VI made particular mention of the following significant changes that he had made in the Roman Missal:
* To the single [[Eucharistic Prayer]] of the previous edition (which, with minor alterations, was preserved as the First Eucharistic Prayer) he added three alternative Eucharistic Prayers, increasing also the number of prefaces.
* The rites of the [[Order of Mass]] (in Latin, ''Ordo Missae'') — that is, the largely unvarying part of the liturgy — were "simplified, while due care is taken to preserve their substance." "Elements which, with the passage of time, came to be duplicated, or were added with but little advantage" were eliminated, especially in the rites for the preparation of the bread and wine, the breaking of the bread, and Communion.
* "'Other elements which have suffered injury through accidents of history are now to be restored to the earlier norm of the Holy Fathers' ([https://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19631204_sacrosanctum-concilium_en.html ''Sacrosanctum Concilium''], art. 50), for example, the homily (see ''Sacrosanctum Concilium'', art. 52) and the 'common prayer' or 'prayer of the faithful' (see ''Sacrosanctum Concilium'', art. 53)."<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/apost_constitutions/documents/hf_p-vi_apc_19690403_missale-romanum_en.html ''Missale Romanum''.] The internal references to [https://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19631204_sacrosanctum-concilium_en.html ''Sacrosanctum Concilium''] are to the Constitution of the Second Vatican Council on the Sacred Liturgy.</ref> Paul VI also added the option of "a penitential rite or act of reconciliation with God and the brothers, at the beginning of the Mass", though this was neither an ancient part of the Introductory Rite nor mentioned in ''Sacrosanctum Concilium''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04222a.htm|title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Confiteor|website=www.newadvent.org|access-date=17 May 2017}}</ref>
* He greatly increased the proportion of the Bible read at Mass. Even before Pius XII reduced the proportion further, only 1% of the Old Testament and 16.5% of the New Testament was read at Mass. In Pope Paul's revision, 13.5% of the Old Testament and 71.5% of the New Testament are read.<ref>{{cite web|author=Felix Just, S.J. |url=http://catholic-resources.org/Lectionary/Statistics.htm |title=Lectionary Statistics |publisher=Catholic-resources.org |date=2 January 2009 |access-date=27 November 2011}}</ref> He was able to do this by having more readings at Mass and introducing a three-year cycle of readings on Sundays and a two-year cycle on weekdays.

In addition to these changes, the Pope noted that his revision considerably modified other sections of the Missal, such as the Proper of Seasons, the Proper of Saints, the [[common (liturgy)|Common of Saints]], the Ritual Masses, and the Votive Masses, adding: "In all of these changes, particular care has been taken with the prayers: not only has their number been increased, so that the new texts might better correspond to new needs, but also their text has been restored on the testimony of the most ancient evidences."{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}

In response to the promulgation of the [[Mass of Paul VI]], in 1969, cardinals [[Alfredo Ottaviani]] and [[Antonio Bacci]] presented the [[Ottaviani Intervention]].

=== Editions after the Second Vatican Council ===
In 1970, the first typical edition of the Roman Missal (in [[Latin]]) bearing the title ''Missale Romanum ex decreto Sacrosancti Oecumenici Concilii Vaticani II instauratum'' was published, after being formally promulgated by [[Pope Paul VI]] in the previous year. A reprint that corrected misprints appeared in 1971. A second typical edition, with minor changes, followed in 1975. In 2000, [[Pope John Paul II]] approved a third typical edition, which appeared in 2002. This third edition added feasts, especially of some recently canonized saints, new prefaces of the Eucharistic Prayers, and additional Masses and prayers for various needs, and it revised and amplified the [[General Instruction of the Roman Missal]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Frequently Asked Questions|url=http://old.usccb.org/romanmissal/faqs2.shtml|publisher=United States Conference of Catholic Bishops|access-date=12 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111220143949/http://old.usccb.org/romanmissal/faqs2.shtml|archive-date=20 December 2011|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

In 2008, under [[Pope Benedict XVI]], an emended reprint of the third edition was issued, correcting misprints and some other mistakes (such as the insertion at the beginning of the [[Apostles' Creed]] of "unum", as in the [[Nicene Creed]]). A supplement gives celebrations, such as that of Saint [[Pio of Pietrelcina]], added to the [[General Roman Calendar]] after the initial printing of the 2002 typical edition.

Three alterations required personal approval by Pope Benedict XVI:
* A change in the order in which a bishop celebrating Mass outside his own diocese mentions the local bishop and himself
* Omission from the Roman Missal of the special Eucharistic Prayers for Masses with Children (which, however, were not thereby suppressed)
* The addition of three alternatives to the standard dismissal at the end of Mass, ''Ite, missa est'' (Go forth, the Mass is ended):
** ''Ite ad Evangelium Domini annuntiandum'' (Go and announce the Gospel of the Lord)
** ''Ite in pace, glorificando vita vestra Dominum'' (Go in peace, glorifying the Lord by your life)
** ''Ite in pace'' (Go in peace)<ref>A full account of the corrections, additions and emendations is given on pages 367-387 of the July–August 2008 issue of ''Notitiae'', the bulletin of the [[Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments]]. Some much less detailed information may also be found in an [https://archive.today/20120721063040/http://www.30giorni.it/us/articolo.asp?id=19635 interview] given by Cardinal [[Francis Arinze]].</ref>

[[Pope John XXIII]]'s 1962 edition of the Roman Missal began a period of aesthetic preference for a reduced number of illustrations in black and white instead of the many brightly coloured pictures previously included. The first post-[[Vatican II]] editions, both in the original Latin and in translation, continued that tendency. The first Latin edition (1970) had in all 12 black-and-white woodcut illustrations by Gian Luigi Uboldi. The 1974 English translation adopted by the United States [[episcopal conference]] appear in several printings. ''Our Sunday Visitor'' printed it with further illustrations by Uboldi, while the printing by ''Catholic Book Publishing'' had woodcuts in colour. The German editions of 1975 and 1984 had no illustrations, thus emphasizing the clarity and beauty of the typography. The French editions of 1974 and 1978 were also without illustrations, while the Italian editions of 1973 and 1983 contained both reproductions of miniatures in an 11th-century manuscript and stylized figures whose appropriateness is doubted by the author of a study on the subject, who also makes a similar observation about the illustrations in the Spanish editions of 1978 and 1988. The minimalist presentation in these editions contrasts strongly with the opulence of United States editions of the period between 2005 and 2011 with their many full-colour reproductions of paintings and other works of art.<ref>{{cite journal| url = https://www.academia.edu/39872139| title = Ralf van Bühren, "Die Bildausstattung des "Missale Romanum" nach dem Zweiten Vatikanischen Konzil (1962−1965)", in Hans Peter Neuheuser (editor), ''Liturgische Bücher in der Kulturgeschichte Europas''Hans Peter Neuheuser Hans Peter Neuheuser Hans Peter Neuheuser Hans Peter Neuheuser Hans Peter Neuheuser Hans Peter Neuheuser Hans Peter Neuheuser Hans Peter Neuheuser Hans Peter Neuheuser (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2018), pp. 173–181| journal = In: Liturgische Bücher in der Kulturgeschichte Europas (Bibliothek und Wissenschaft, 51), Edited by Hanns Peter Neuheuser, 173-181. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz| date = January 2018| last1 = Bühren| first1 = Ralf van}}</ref>

The first vernacular version of the third edition (2002) of the Vatican II Roman Missal to be published was that in [[Greek language|Greek]]. It appeared in 2006.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cen.gr/index.php/catholic-bishops-conference/letters/28-letter-priests| title = Επιστολή της Ι. Συνόδου Ιεραρχίας προς τους Ιερείς (Letter of the Greek Episcopal Conference to Priests 7 September 2006| access-date = 17 June 2019| archive-date = 17 June 2019| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190617205231/http://www.cen.gr/index.php/catholic-bishops-conference/letters/28-letter-priests| url-status = dead}}</ref> The English translation. taking into account the 2008 changes, came into use in 2011. Translations into some other languages took longer: that into Italian was decided on by the [[Episcopal Conference of Italy]] at its November 2018 meeting and was confirmed by the Holy See in the following year, as announced by the conference's president at its 22 May 2019 meeting.  It replaces the 1983 Italian translation of the 1975 second Latin edition. The new text includes changes to the Italian [[Lord's Prayer]] and [[Gloria in excelsis Deo|Gloria]]. In the Lord's Prayer, ''e non c'indurre in tentazione'' ("and lead us not into temptation") becomes ''non abbandonarci alla tentazione'' ("do not abandon us to temptation") and ''come noi li rimettiamo ai nostri debitori'' ("as we forgive our debtors") becomes ''come anche noi li rimettiamo ai nostri debitori'' ("as we too forgive our debtors"). In the Gloria ''pace in terra agli uomini di buona volontà'' ("peace on earth to people of good will") becomes ''pace in terra agli uomini, amati dal Signore'' ("peace on earth to people, who are loved by the Lord").<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.avvenire.it/chiesa/pagine/messale-arriva-il-via-libera |title=Liturgia. Via libera del Papa alla nuova traduzione italiana del Messale |last=Gambassi |first=Giacomo |date=22 May 2019 |access-date=7 June 2019 |language=it |trans-title=Liturgy. Pope okays new Italian translation of the Missal}}</ref><ref name="ucatholicspeaks">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ucatholic.com/news/pope-francis-approves-changes-to-lords-prayer-gloria-of-italian-missal/|title=Pope Francis Approves Changes to Lord's Prayer & Gloria of Italian Missal|last=uCatholic|date=2019-06-03|website=uCatholic|access-date=2019-06-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www1.cbn.com/cbnnews/cwn/2019/june/pope-francis-officially-approves-change-to-lords-prayer|title=Pope Francis Approves Updated Translation of Lord's Prayer: 'Do Not Let Us Fall Into Temptation'|date=2019-06-04|website=CBN News|access-date=2019-06-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thetablet.co.uk/news/11763/-lead-us-not-into-temptation-falls-out-of-lord-s-prayer|title='Lead us not into temptation' falls out of Lord's Prayer|website=The Tablet|access-date=2019-06-14|archive-date=6 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606153323/https://www.thetablet.co.uk/news/11763/-lead-us-not-into-temptation-falls-out-of-lord-s-prayer|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://international.la-croix.com/news/francis-approves-revised-translation-of-italian-missal/10234|title=Francis approves revised translation of Italian Missal- La Croix International|website=international.la-croix.com|date=31 May 2019|access-date=2019-06-14|archive-date=6 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606000950/https://international.la-croix.com/news/francis-approves-revised-translation-of-italian-missal/10234|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Continued use of earlier editions===
{{main|Preconciliar rites after the Second Vatican Council}}
[[File:Missale romanum1962.JPG|310px|right|thumb|{{center|1962 edition of the Missale Romanum}}]]

Following the promulgation of the [[Mass of Paul VI|Missal of Paul VI]] in 1969-70, it was generally assumed that the 1962 edition had been abrogated, however some refused to adopt the new missal, most notably the [[Society of Saint Pius X]], created by [[Marcel Lefebvre]]. On 30 October 1971, [[Paul VI]] granted permission for use of the previous missal in England and Wales, in what became known as the [[Agatha Christie indult]]. On 3 October 1984, [[Pope John Paul II]] issued a letter known as ''[[Quattuor abhinc annos]]'' which extended the indult to bishops worldwide. 

In his [[motu proprio]] ''[[Summorum Pontificum]]'' of 7 July 2007, [[Pope Benedict XVI]] stated that the 1962 edition of the Roman Missal was never juridically abrogated and that it may be freely used by any priest of the [[Latin Church]] when celebrating Mass "without a congregation".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/en/motu_proprio/documents/hf_ben-xvi_motu-proprio_20070707_summorum-pontificum.html|title=Motu Proprio Summorum Pontificum on the "Roman liturgy prior to the reform of 1970" (July 7, 2007) {{!}} BENEDICT XVI|website=w2.vatican.va|access-date=2019-06-14}}</ref> Use of the 1962 edition at Mass with a congregation is allowed, with the permission of the priest in charge of a church, for stable groups attached to this earlier form of the [[Roman Rite]], provided that the priest using it is "qualified to do so and not juridically impeded" (as for instance by suspension). Accordingly, many dioceses schedule regular Masses celebrated using the 1962 edition. 

In 2021, [[Pope Francis]], motivated by a desire to stave off what he perceived to be growing rejection of the Second Vatican Council developing from groups using the preconciliar rites, issued ''[[Traditionis custodes]]'' to restore the previous status quo of bishops having authority over the celebrations of Mass in the preconciliar Roman Rite. Francis stated in the letter that the current version of the Roman Rite ought to be regarded as the "unique expression of [its] ''[[lex orandi]]''."<ref name="sap_ue">{{cite web |last=Ferrone |first=Rita |date=November 17, 2021 |title=Discerning the Lex Orandi |url=https://crc.blog.fordham.edu/faith-religion/discerning-the-lex-orandi/ |access-date=May 2, 2022 |website=Sapientia |publisher=[[Fordham University]]}}</ref>

Several [[traditionalist Catholic|traditionalist]] fraternities in full communion with the Holy See are authorised to celebrate the Mass exclusively according to the 1962 version of the Missal: such groups include the [[Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter]] (FSSP), the [[Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest]] (ICKSP), the [[Institute of the Good Shepherd]] (IBP) and the [[Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney]]. However in more recent years, limited indults have been granted to certain parishes for use of the [[Holy Week]] prior to the reforms of Pius XII.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.windsorlatinmass.org/wtnews/180311.pdf|title=Tridentine Community News, 11 March 2018}}</ref>

The [[Society of Saint Pius X]] (FSSPX), which rejects the reforms of the [[Second Vatican Council]] and [[Canonical situation of the Society of Saint Pius X|is not in full communion with the Holy See]], exclusively celebrates the Mass according to the 1962 version of the Roman Missal. [[Sedevacantism|Sedevacantist]] and [[Sedeprivationism|sedeprivationist]] groups, which reject the Council and do not recognise any Pope since the Council as valid, also reject the 1962 version of the Missal, seeing it as contaminated by modernism as well and thus only celebrate Mass using the 1920 edition of the Missal, however there is a dispute among these groups, on the acceptance of the 1955 rubrics of the Paschal Triduum introduced by Pius XII: some groups, such as the [[Society of Saint Pius V]], the [[Donald Sanborn|Roman Catholic Institute]] and the [[Istituto Mater Boni Consilii]]) reject them, believing them to be the first step towards the post-Conciliar liturgical renovations;<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sanborn |first=Donald |author-link=Donald Sanborn |date=2008 |title=Benedict XVI replaces the Good Friday prayer for the Jews in the '62 Missal |url=https://www.traditionalmass.org/images/articles/GenJews.pdf |journal=MHT Seminary Newsletter |quote=It should be recalled that what occasioned our 1983 split with them was the John XXIII Mass, i.e., the 1962 Missal. The reason why Archbishop Lefebvre insisted that all take this missal, reversing his previous position of permitting the pre-1955 rubrics, was that he was in very serious negotiations with Ratzinger to have his Fraternity absorbed into the Modernist religion. He himself told me personally that the Vatican would never accept that we use the pre-1955 rubrics, and I saw myself the documents regarding the dialogue between him and Ratzinger, in which the 1962 Missal was on the table as the missal which would be approved for use by the Fraternity.[...] In 1983, when the nine priests made a stand over the maintenance of the St. Pius X rubrics of the missal, calendar and breviary, few lay people understood the importance of it. The average lay person cannot distinguish the 1962 traditional Mass from the pre-1955 traditional Mass, which is the one we use. But there are significant differences. Liturgy speaks volumes through gesture and symbolism.}}</ref> others, such as the [[Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen]] accept them, seeing them as a liturgical change by a valid Pope and, thus, binding to all Catholics.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Radecki |first=Fr Dominic |year=2016 |title=The Liturgical Changes of Pope Pius XII: May Catholics Reject Laws Promulgated by a Legitimate Pope? |url=https://cmri.org/articles-on-the-traditional-catholic-faith/the-liturgical-changes-of-pope-pius-xii/ |journal=The Reign of Mary |issue=161}}</ref> However, the CMRI does not accept the modifications to the Roman Missal by Pope John XXIII as they don't recognise him as a valid pope.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://cmri.org/articles-on-the-traditional-catholic-faith/is-the-latin-mass-back/ | title=Is the Latin Mass Back? | date=11 April 2017 }}</ref>

For information on the calendars included in pre-69/70 editions (a small part of the full Missal), see [[General Roman Calendar of 1960]], [[General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII]], [[General Roman Calendar of 1954]], and [[Tridentine calendar]].