Editing Ruffed grouse (section)

==Taxonomy==
[[File:Brooklyn Museum - Ruffed Grouse - John J. Audubon.jpg|thumb|''Ruffed Grouse'' by [[John J. Audubon]] c. 1861.]]
''Bonasa umbellus'' was first described by [[Carl Linnaeus]] in his 1766 [[12th edition of Systema Naturae|12th edition of ''Systema Naturae'']].<ref name=Linn/> He classified it as ''Tetrao umbellus'', placing it in a subfamily with Eurasian grouse. The genus ''Bonasa'' was applied by British naturalist John Francis Stephens in 1819.<ref name=Stephens/> Ruffed grouse is the preferred common name because it applies only to this species. Misleading vernacular names abound, however, and it is often called partridge (sometimes rendered pa'tridge, or shortened to pat),<ref name=JohnsonSmith2009/> pheasant, or prairie chicken, all of which are properly applied to other birds.<ref name=FishFur/> Other nicknames for ruffed grouse include drummer or thunder-chicken.<ref name=Jezioro/>

The ruffed grouse has 13 recognized subspecies:<ref>{{Cite report |title=IOC World Bird List 13.1 |url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/ioc-lists/crossref |journal= |language=en |doi=10.14344/ioc.ml.13.1 |access-date=2023-03-18|doi-access=free }}</ref>

* ''B. u. brunnescens'' (<small>[[Henry Boardman Conover|Conover]], 1935) - [[Vancouver Island]] ([[Canada]])</small>
* ''B. u. castanea'' (<small>[[John Warren Aldrich|Aldrich]] & [[Herbert Friedmann|Friedmann]], 1943) - [[Olympic Peninsula]] ([[United States|USA]])</small>
* ''B. u. incana'' (<small>[[John Warren Aldrich|Aldrich]] & [[Herbert Friedmann|Friedmann]], 1943) - southeastern [[Idaho]] to central [[Utah]] ([[United States|USA]])</small>
* ''B. u. labradorensis'' (<small>Ouellet, 1991) - [[Labrador Peninsula]] ([[Canada]])</small>
* ''B. u. mediana'' (<small>[[W. E. Clyde Todd|Todd]], 1940) - north-central [[United States|USA]]</small>
* ''B. u. monticola'' (<small>[[W. E. Clyde Todd|Todd]], 1940) - central towards east-central [[United States|USA]]</small>
* ''B. u. obscura'' <small>([[W. E. Clyde Todd|Todd]], 1947) - northern [[Ontario]] ([[Canada]])</small>
* ''B. u. phaios'' (<small>[[John Warren Aldrich|Aldrich]] & [[Herbert Friedmann|Friedmann]], 1943) - southeastern [[British Columbia]] ([[Canada]]) to south-central [[Idaho]] and eastern [[Oregon]] ([[United States|USA]])</small>
* ''B. u. sabini'' <small>([[David Douglas (botanist)|Douglas]], 1829) - western coast of [[Canada]] and [[United States|USA]]</small>
* ''B. u. togata'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1766) - north-central and northeastern [[United States|USA]] and southeastern [[Canada]]</small>
* ''B. u. umbelloides'' <small>([[David Douglas (botanist)|Douglas]], 1829) - southeastern [[Alaska]] ([[United States|USA]]) through central [[Canada]] to central [[Oregon]] and northwestern [[Wyoming]] ([[United States|USA]])</small>
* ''B. u. umbellus'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1766) - east-central [[United States|USA]]</small>

* ''B. u. yukonensis'' <small>[[Joseph Grinnell|(Grinnell]], 1916) - [[Alaska]] ([[United States|USA]]) and northwestern [[Canada]]</small>