Editing SMART criteria (section)

==History==
In the November 1981 issue of ''Management Review'' (AMA Forum), George T. Doran's paper titled "There's a S.M.A.R.T. way to write management's goals and objectives" introduces a framework for setting management objectives, emphasizing the importance of clear goals.<ref name="Doran-1981" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=There's a S.M.A.R.T. way to write managements's goals and objectives |url=https://community.mis.temple.edu/mis0855002fall2015/files/2015/10/S.M.A.R.T-Way-Management-Review.pdf |access-date=January 11, 2023 |website=temple.edu}}</ref> The S.M.A.R.T. criteria he proposes are as follows:

* ''Specific:'' Targeting a particular area for improvement
* ''Measurable:'' Quantifying, or at least suggesting, an indicator of progress
* ''Assignable:'' Defining responsibility clearly
* ''Realistic:'' Outlining attainable results with available resources
* ''Time-related:'' Including a timeline for expected results

Doran clarifies that it's not always feasible to quantify objectives at all management levels, particularly for [[Middle management|middle-management]] roles. He argues for the value in balancing quantifiable objectives with more abstract goals to formulate a comprehensive action plan. This emphasizes the integration of objectives with their execution plans as the foundation of effective management.<ref name="RapidBI">{{Cite web |last=Morrison |first=Mike |date=January 19, 2024 |title=Why SMART Objectives don't work |url=https://rapidbi.com/why-smart-objectives-dont-work/ |access-date=22 October 2013 |website=Rapidbi}}</ref>