Editing Saudade (section)

==History==
[[File:The Portuguese Empire.png|alt=|thumb|The distant lands of the [[Portuguese Empire]] made a special longing for the loved ones of explorers and sailors]]
''Saudade'' ultimately derives from the Latin ''solitās, solitātis'', meaning "solitude".<ref>{{cite journal |journal=Portuguese Studies Review |title=Saudade: A Quintessential Portuguese Feeling |first=Wilson A. |last=Paiva |year=2022 |number=1 |volume=30 |editor-first=Ivana |editor-last=Elbl |url=https://files.cercomp.ufg.br/weby/up/43/o/ISSN_1057_1515_PSR_30_1_DIGIOFFPRINTS_Paiva.pdf |page=15}}</ref> The word ''saudade'' was used in the [[Cancioneiro da Ajuda]] (13th century), in the [[Cancioneiro da Vaticana]] and by poets of the time of King [[Denis of Portugal]] (reigned 1279–1325).<ref>{{cite book |last=Basto |first= Cláudio |title= Saudade em português e galego |series=Revista Lusitana |volume=XVII |publisher=Livraria Clássica Editora |location= Lisboa |year= 1914}}</ref>{{sfn|Paiva|2022|p=29}}
Some specialists argue that the word may have originated during the [[Portugal in the period of discoveries|Great Portuguese Discoveries]], expressing and giving meaning to the sadness felt about those who departed on journeys to unknown seas and often disappeared in [[shipwreck]]s, died in battle, or simply never returned. Those who stayed behind—mostly women and children—suffered deeply in their absence. However, Portuguese discoveries started in 1415 and the word has been found in earlier texts. The [[Reconquista]] may also offer a plausible genesis.{{cn|date=June 2021}}

The state of mind has subsequently become a "Portuguese way of life": a constant feeling of absence, the sadness of something that's missing, wistful longing for completeness or wholeness and the yearning for the return of what is now gone, a desire for presence as opposed to absence—as it is said in Portuguese, a strong desire to ''matar as saudades'' ({{lit|to kill the saudades}}).

In the latter half of the 20th century, ''saudade'' became associated with the longing for one's homeland, as hundreds of thousands of Portuguese-speaking people left in search of better futures in South America, North America, and Western Europe. Besides the implications derived from a wave of emigration trend from the motherland, historically speaking ''saudade'' is the term associated with the decline of Portugal's role in world politics and trade. During the so-called "Golden Age", synonymous with the era of discovery, Portugal rose to the status of a [[world power]], and its monarchy became the richest in Europe and one of the richest global empires in history.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Desmarques |first=Dan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aR3kDwAAQBAJ&dq=This+new+strategy+made+Portugal+the+first+and+one+of+the+richest+global+empires+in+history&pg=PT9 |title=The Secret Empire: The Hidden Truth Behind the Power Elite and the Knights of the New World Order |date=2020-05-14 |publisher=22 Lions |language=en}}</ref> But with the competition from other European nations, the country went both colonially and economically into a prolonged period of decay. This period of decline and resignation from the world's cultural coincides with the cultural rising of ''saudade'' in Portuguese society.{{sfn|Paiva|2022|p=24}}