Editing Scheherazade (section)

== Name ==
According to modern scholarship, the name ''Scheherazade'' derives from the [[Middle Persian]] name {{transliteration|pal|Čīhrāzād}}, which is composed of the words {{transliteration|pal|čīhr}} ({{gloss|lineage}}) and {{transliteration|pal|āzād}} ({{gloss|noble, exalted}}).<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |last=Marzolph |first=Ulrich |title=Arabian Nights |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopaedia of Islam]] |edition=3rd |editor1=Kate Fleet |editor2=Gudrun Krämer|editor3=Denis Matringe |editor4=John Nawas |editor5=Everett Rowson |publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]] |year=2017 |quote=[T]he narrator's name is of Persian origin, the Arabicised form Shahrazād being the equivalent of the Persian Chehr-āzād, meaning "of noble descent and/or appearance". |doi= 10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_0021 }}</ref><ref name=iranica>{{cite encyclopedia |author=Ch. Pellat |title=Alf Layla wa-Layla |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/alf-layla-wa-layla |year=2011 |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]] }}</ref><ref name=EI2>{{Cite encyclopedia |last=Hamori |first=A. |title=S̲h̲ahrazād |year=2012 |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopaedia of Islam]] |edition=2nd |publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]] |editor=P. Bearman |editor2=Th. Bianquis |editor3=C.E. Bosworth |editor4=E. van Donzel |editor5=W.P. Heinrichs |doi=10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_6771 }}</ref> The earliest forms of Scheherazade's name in Arabic sources include {{transliteration|ar|Shirazad}} ({{langx|ar|شيرازاد|Šīrāzād}}) in [[al-Masudi]], and {{transliteration|ar|Shahrazad}} in [[Ibn al-Nadim]].<ref>{{cite book |title=The Arabian Nights: A Companion |author=Robert Irwin |publisher=Tauris Parke Paperbacks |year=2004 |page=944 (Kindle loc) }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Ishkaliyat al-Tarjamah fi al-Adab al-Muqaran |script-title=ar:إشكالية الترجمة في الآدب المقارن |author=Hamdan Muhammad Ali Hussein Ismail (حمدان محمد علي حسين إسماعيل) |publisher=Al Manhal |year=2009 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3Bz2DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA170 |page=170 |isbn=9796500054087 }}</ref>

The name appears as {{transliteration|ar|Šahrazād}} in the ''[[Encyclopaedia of Islam]]''<ref name=EI2/> and as {{transliteration|fa|Šahrāzād}} in 
the ''[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]''.<ref name=iranica/> Among standard 19th-century printed editions, the name appears as {{langx|ar|شهرزاد|Šahrazād|label=none}} in Macnaghten's Calcutta edition (1839–1842)<ref>{{cite book |title=The Alif laila |editor=William Hay Macnaghten |volume=1 |year=1839 |url=https://archive.org/details/aliflailaorbook03unkngoog |page=14 |publisher=Calcutta, W. Thacker and co. }}</ref> and in the 1862 Bulaq edition,<ref>{{cite book|title= Kitāb alf laylah wa-laylah |volume=1 |year=1862 |publisher=Bulaq |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ANg1DCuYXYoC&pg=PP24 |page=20 }}</ref> and as {{langx|ar|شاهرزاد|Šāhrazād|label=none}} in the Breslau edition (1825–1843).<ref>{{cite book |title=Tausend und eine Nacht — alf laylah wa-laylah: arabisch, nach einer Handschrift aus Tunis |series=880-01Alf laylah wa-laylah |editor1=Maximilian Habicht |editor2=Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer |volume=1 |year=1825 |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.c005378587;view=1up;seq=39 |page=31 |location=[[Breslau]] }}</ref> [[Muhsin Mahdi]]'s critical edition has {{langx|ar|شهرازاد|Šahrāzād|label=none}}.<ref>{{cite book |editor=Muhsin Mahdi |title=Alf Layla wa-Layla |publisher=Brill |year=1984 |page=66 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCUc8Absl3YC&pg=PP82 |isbn=978-9004074316 }}</ref>

The spelling ''Scheherazade'' first appeared in English-language texts in 1801, borrowed from German usage.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Scheherazade |title=Scheherazade |website=Merriam-Webster |access-date=27 April 2019 }}</ref>
[[File:One Thousand and One Nights17.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.3|''Scheherazade and the sultan'' by Iranian painter [[Sani al Mulk (Abu'l-Hasan)|Sani al Mulk]] (1849–1856)]]