Editing Selective estrogen receptor modulator (section)

== Medical uses ==
SERMs are used for various estrogen-related diseases, including treatment of [[Ovulatory dysfunction|ovulatory]] dysfunction in the management of [[infertility]] treatment, prevention of [[Osteoporosis|postmenopausal osteoporosis]], treatment and risk reduction of [[breast cancer]],<ref name="Maximov_2013">{{cite journal |vauthors = Maximov PY, Lee TM, Jordan VC|title = The discovery and development of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) for clinical practice|journal = Current Clinical Pharmacology|volume = 8|issue = 2|pages = 135–55|date = May 2013|pmid = 23062036|pmc = 3624793|doi = 10.2174/1574884711308020006}}</ref> and treatment of [[dyspareunia]] due to [[menopause]]. SERMs are also used in combination with [[conjugated estrogens]] indicated for the management of [[Hypoestrogenism|estrogen deficiency]] symptoms and of [[vasomotor]] symptoms associated with menopause.<ref name="Pickar_2015" />

SERMs are also being explored for [[gender-affirming hormone therapy]] in some [[Non-binary gender|non-binary]] transgender individuals that were assigned male at birth. Unlike full estrogen receptor agonists like [[Estradiol (medication)|estradiol]] which cause the broad development of feminine [[Secondary sex characteristic|secondary sex characteristics]], SERMs can be used to achieve partial feminization in individuals who wish to develop certain feminine traits such as softer skin and feminine body fat distribution without significant breast growth.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Xu |first1=Jane Y. |last2=O’Connell |first2=Michele A. |last3=Notini |first3=Lauren |last4=Cheung |first4=Ada S. |last5=Zwickl |first5=Sav |last6=Pang |first6=Ken C. |date=2021-06-18 |title=Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators: A Potential Option For Non-Binary Gender-Affirming Hormonal Care? |journal=Frontiers in Endocrinology |language=en |volume=12 |doi=10.3389/fendo.2021.701364 |doi-access=free |pmid=34226826 |pmc=8253879 |issn=1664-2392 }}</ref> Unlike bioidentical estrogens, SERMs themselves do not suppress testosterone production and therefore are used alongside [[Antiandrogen|antiandrogens]] such as [[cyproterone acetate]] or [[spironolactone]]. The use of SERMs for gender-affirming hormone therapy is still relatively new and uncommon as there is limited research into their efficacy and safety when used long-term. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hodax |first=Juanita K. |last2=DiVall |first2=Sara |date=2023-01-01 |title=Gender-affirming endocrine care for youth with a nonbinary gender identity |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20420188231160405 |journal=Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism |language=en |volume=14 |pages=20420188231160405 |doi=10.1177/20420188231160405 |issn=2042-0188 |pmc=10064168 |pmid=37006780}}</ref>

[[File:Nolvadex.jpg| thumb| Nolvadex ([[tamoxifen]]) 20-milligram tablets ([[United Kingdom|UK]])]]