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September 4
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==Events== ===Pre-1600=== * [[476]] – [[Romulus Augustulus]] is deposed when [[Odoacer]] proclaims himself "[[King of Italy]]", thus [[Fall of the Western Roman Empire|ending the Western Roman Empire]]. * [[626]] – Li Shimin, [[Posthumous name|posthumously]] known as [[Emperor Taizong of Tang]], assumes the throne over the [[Tang dynasty]] of China. * [[929]] – [[Battle of Lenzen]]: [[Slavs|Slavic]] forces (the [[Veleti|Redarii]] and the [[Obotrites]]) are defeated by a [[Duchy of Saxony|Saxon]] army near the fortified stronghold of [[Lenzen (Elbe)|Lenzen]] in [[Brandenburg]]. *[[1260]] – The [[Siena|Sienese]] [[Ghibellines]], supported by the forces of [[Manfred, King of Sicily]], defeat the [[Florence|Florentine]] [[Guelphs]] at [[battle of Montaperti|Montaperti]]. *[[1282]] – [[Peter III of Aragon]] becomes the King of Sicily. *[[1479]] – The [[Treaty of Alcáçovas]] is signed by the [[Catholic Monarchs]] of [[Crown of Castile|Castile]] and [[Crown of Aragon|Aragon]] on one side and [[Afonso V of Portugal|Afonso V]] and his son, [[John II of Portugal|Prince John]] of Portugal. ===1601–1900=== *[[1607]] – The [[Flight of the Earls]] takes place in [[Ireland]]. *[[1666]] – In London, England, the most destructive damage from the [[Great Fire of London|Great Fire]] occurs. *[[1774]] – [[New Caledonia]] is first sighted by Europeans, during the second voyage of Captain [[James Cook]]. *[[1781]] – Los Angeles is founded as [[Pueblo de Los Ángeles|El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora La Reina de los Ángeles]] (The Village of Our Lady, the Queen of the Angels) by [[Los Pobladores|44 Spanish settlers]]. *[[1797]] – [[Coup of 18 Fructidor]] in France. *[[1800]] – The French garrison in [[Valletta]] surrenders to British troops who had been called at the invitation of the [[Maltese people|Maltese]]. The islands of [[Malta (island)|Malta]] and [[Gozo]] become the [[Malta Protectorate]]. *[[1812]] – [[War of 1812]]: The [[Siege of Fort Harrison]] begins when the fort is set on fire. *[[1827]] – The [[Great Fire of Turku]] almost completely destroys [[Finland]]'s [[Turku|former capital city]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rekola |first1=Juuso |title=Turun palo 1827 oli aikansa kansainvälinen mediailmiö |url=https://agricolaverkko.fi/tietosanomat/turun-palo-1827-oli-aikansa-kansainvalinen-mediailmio/ |website=Agricola-verkko |accessdate=4 September 2022 |date=4 July 2019 |archive-date=16 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816044853/https://agricolaverkko.fi/tietosanomat/turun-palo-1827-oli-aikansa-kansainvalinen-mediailmio/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Korteniemi |first1=Jaakko |title=Turku roihusi 190 vuotta sitten mutta myytit elävät yhä |url=https://www.tiedetuubi.fi/turku-roihusi-190-vuotta-sitten-mutta-myytit-elavat-yha |website=Tiedetuubi |accessdate=4 September 2022 |date=4 September 2017}}</ref> *[[1839]] – [[Battle of Kowloon]]: British vessels open fire on Chinese war [[Junk (ship)|junks]] enforcing a food sales embargo on the British community in China in the first armed conflict of the [[First Opium War]]. *[[1862]] – [[American Civil War]] [[Maryland Campaign]]: General [[Robert E. Lee]] takes the Army of Northern Virginia, and the war, into the North. *[[1870]] – Emperor [[Napoleon III]] of France is deposed and the [[French Third Republic|Third Republic]] is declared. *[[1882]] – The [[Pearl Street Station]] in New York City becomes the first power plant to supply electricity to paying customers. *[[1886]] – [[American Indian Wars]]: After almost 30 years of fighting, [[Apache]] leader [[Geronimo]], with his remaining warriors, surrenders to General [[Nelson Miles]] in [[Arizona]]. *[[1888]] – [[George Eastman]] registers the trademark ''[[Kodak]]'' and receives a patent for his [[camera]] that uses roll film. ===1901–present=== *[[1912]] – [[Albania]]n rebels succeed in [[Albanian Revolt of 1912|their revolt]] when the Ottoman Empire agrees to fulfill their demands *[[1919]] – [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]], who founded the Republic of [[Turkey]], gathers a congress in [[Sivas Congress|Sivas]] to make decisions as to the future of [[Anatolia]] and [[Thrace]]. *[[1923]] – Maiden flight of the first U.S. [[airship]], the {{USS|Shenandoah|ZR-1|6}}. *[[1936]] – [[Spanish Civil War]]: [[Largo Caballero]] forms a [[war cabinet]] to direct the [[Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)|republican]] war effort.<ref>{{cite book|last=Thomas|first=Hugh|title=The Spanish Civil War|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2003|location=London|isbn=978-0-14-101161-5|pages=392–394}}</ref> *[[1939]] – [[World War II]]: [[William J. Murphy (RAF officer)|William J. Murphy]] commands the first Royal Air Force attack on Germany. *[[1941]] – World War II: A German submarine makes the first attack of the war against a United States warship, the {{USS|Greer|DD-145|6}}. *[[1944]] – World War II: The British [[11th Armoured Division (United Kingdom)|11th Armoured Division]] liberates the Belgian city of [[Antwerp]]. * 1944 – World War II: Finland exits from the [[Continuation War|war with Soviet Union]]. *[[1948]] – Queen [[Wilhelmina of the Netherlands]] abdicates for health reasons. *[[1949]] – [[Paul Robeson]] performs a second concert in [[Peekskill, New York]] eight days after the [[Peekskill riots]]. *[[1950]] – [[Darlington Raceway]] is the site of the inaugural [[Southern 500 (1950–2004)|Southern 500]], the first 500-mile [[NASCAR]] race. *[[1951]] – The first live transcontinental television broadcast takes place in [[San Francisco]], United States, from the [[Japanese Peace Treaty Conference]]. *[[1957]] – [[American Civil Rights Movement]]: [[Little Rock Crisis]]: The governor of Arkansas calls out the National Guard to prevent African American students from enrolling in [[Little Rock Central High School]], resulting in the lawsuit ''[[Cooper v. Aaron]]'' the following year. *[[1963]] – [[Swissair Flight 306]] crashes near [[Dürrenäsch]], Switzerland, killing all 80 people on board. *[[1964]] – Scotland's [[Forth Road Bridge]] near [[Edinburgh]] officially opens.<ref>{{cite web |title=Forth Road Bridge marks 50 years |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-29051492 |website=BBC News |access-date=17 October 2021 |date=4 September 2014}}</ref> *[[1967]] – [[Vietnam War]]: [[Operation Swift]] begins when [[United States Marines|U.S. Marine]]s engage the [[North Vietnam]]ese in battle in the [[Khe Sanh|Que Son Valley]]. *[[1970]] – [[Salvador Allende]] is elected President of [[Chile]]. *[[1971]] – [[Alaska Airlines Flight 1866]] crashes near [[Juneau, Alaska]], killing all 111 people on board. *[[1972]] – [[Mark Spitz]] becomes the first competitor to win seven medals at a single [[Olympic Games]]. * 1972 – ''[[The Price Is Right (U.S. game show)|The Price Is Right]]'' premieres on CBS. It currently is the longest running game show on American television. *[[1975]] – The [[Sinai Interim Agreement]] relating to the [[Arab–Israeli conflict]] is signed. *[[1977]] – The [[Golden Dragon massacre]] takes place in [[San Francisco]]. *[[1985]] – The discovery of [[Buckminsterfullerene]], the first [[fullerene]] molecule of carbon. *[[1989]] – In [[Leipzig]], [[East Germany]], the first of [[Monday demonstrations in East Germany|weekly demonstration]] for the legalisation of opposition groups and [[democracy|democratic]] reforms takes place. *[[1998]] – [[Google]] is founded by [[Larry Page]] and [[Sergey Brin]], two PhD students at [[Stanford University]]. *[[2001]] – [[Tokyo DisneySea]] opens to the public as part of the [[Tokyo Disney Resort]] in [[Urayasu, Chiba]], Japan. *[[2002]] – The [[Oakland Athletics]] win their 20th consecutive game, an [[American League]] record, until the [[Cleveland Indians]] surpassed it in 2017. *[[2007]] – Three terrorists suspected to be a part of [[Al-Qaeda]] are arrested in Germany after [[2007 bomb plot in Germany|allegedly planning attacks]] on both the Frankfurt International airport and US military installations. *[[2020]] – [[Pope Benedict XVI]] becomes the longest-lived pope, 93 years, four months, 16 days, surpassing [[Pope Leo XIII]], who died in 1903.<ref>{{cite web |title=Benedicto XVI es ya el papa más anciano de toda la historia |url=https://www.msn.com/es-mx/news/other/benedicto-xvi-es-ya-el-papa-m%C3%A1s-anciano-de-toda-la-historia/ar-BB18IsG8?ocid=msedgdhp |website=www.msn.com |publisher=DW News |access-date=September 3, 2020 |language=es}}</ref> *[[2022]] – Ten people are killed and 15 are injured in a [[2022 Saskatchewan stabbings|stabbing spree]] in 13 locations on the [[James Smith Cree Nation]] and in [[Weldon, Saskatchewan]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Canada stabbings: Police hunt suspects after killing spree in Saskatchewan|work=BBC News |date=4 September 2022 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-62790900|access-date=5 September 2022}}</ref> *[[2024]] – A 14-year-old gunman kills four people and injures seven in [[2024 Apalachee High School shooting|a mass shooting]] at [[Apalachee High School]] near [[Winder, Georgia]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Two students, two teachers killed at Apalachee High School, 14-year-old in custody |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/live-blog/georgia-apalachee-school-shooting-live-updates-rcna169579 |website=NBC News |access-date=25 October 2024}}</ref>
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