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Septum pellucidum
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==Structure== The septum pellucidum is located in the [[septal area]] in the midline of the brain between the two [[cerebral hemisphere]]s. The septal area is also the location of the [[septal nuclei]]. It is attached to the lower part of the corpus callosum, the large collection of nerve fibers that connect the two cerebral hemispheres. It is attached to the front forward part of the [[Fornix of brain|fornix]]. The [[lateral ventricle]]s sit on either side of the septum. The septum pellucidum consists of two layers or ''laminae'' of both [[white matter|white]] and [[gray matter]].<ref name="HeimerHoesen2007">{{cite book|author1=Lennart Heimer|author2=Gary W. Van Hoesen|title=Anatomy of neuropsychiatry: the new anatomy of the basal forebrain and its implications for neuropsychiatric illness|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cdi7eLqBcREC&pg=PA28|accessdate=24 December 2010|date=16 November 2007|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-12-374239-1|page=28}}</ref> During fetal development, there is a space between the two laminae called the [[cave of septum pellucidum]] that, in ninety percent of cases, disappears during infancy.<ref name="ClarkBoutros2010">{{cite book|author1=David L. Clark|author2=Nash N. Boutros|author3=Mario F. Mendez|title=The Brain and Behavior: An Introduction to Behavioral Neuroanatomy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=32Ucobqp97EC&pg=PA217|accessdate=24 December 2010|year=2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-14229-8|pages=217–8}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Love J |author2=Hollenhorst R | title = Bilateral palsy of the sixth cranial nerve caused by a cyst of the septum pellucidum (fifth ventricle) and cured by pneumoencephalography | journal = Mayo Clin Proc | volume = 31 | issue = 2 | pages = 43–6 | year = 1956 | pmid = 13289891}}</ref> The ''cavum'' was occasionally referred to as ''the fifth ventricle'', but this is no longer used because the space is usually not continuous with the [[ventricular system]].<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Alonso J |author2=Coveñas R |author3=Lara J |author4=Piñuela C |author5=Aijón J | title = The cavum septi pellucidi: a fifth ventricle? | journal = Acta Anat (Basel) | volume = 134 | issue = 4 | pages = 286–90 | year = 1989 | pmid = 2741657 | doi = 10.1159/000146704}}</ref> The [[fifth ventricle]] is recognised as the [[terminal ventricle|terminal enlargement]] of the [[spinal cord]].<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Liccardo G |author2=Ruggeri F |author3=De Cerchio L |author4=Floris R |author5=Lunardi P | title = Fifth ventricle: an unusual cystic lesion of the conus medullaris | journal = Spinal Cord | volume = 43 | issue = 6 | pages = 381–4 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15655569 | doi = 10.1038/sj.sc.3101712| doi-access = free }}</ref>
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