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Seth Neddermeyer
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==Early life== Seth Henry Neddermeyer was born in [[Richmond, Michigan]], on September 16, 1907.<ref name="Physics Today">{{cite journal|last1=Geballe|first1=Ronald|last2=Lord|first2=Jere J.|last3=Streib|first3=John F.|title=Seth N. Neddermeyer|journal=Physics Today|date=November 1988|volume=41|issue=11|pages=109|doi=10.1063/1.2811634|bibcode=1988PhT....41k.109G|df=mdy-all|doi-access=free}}</ref> He attended [[Olivet College]], a small college that his mother, older sister, and uncle had also attended,<ref name="Oral">{{cite web |url=http://oralhistories.library.caltech.edu/199/1/Neddermeyer_OHO.pdf |title=Interview with Seth H. Neddermeyer |publisher=Caltech |date=May 7, 1984 |access-date=December 30, 2015 }}</ref> for two years before his family moved to California. He transferred to [[Stanford University]], from which received his [[Bachelor of Arts]] (AB) degree in 1929.<ref name="Physics Today" /> His interest in physics was inspired by the work of [[Robert A. Millikan]], and he enrolled in graduate school at [[California Institute of Technology]] (Caltech),<ref name="Oral"/> where he wrote his 1935 [[PhD]] thesis on "The absorption of high energy electrons",<ref name="Nobel">{{cite web |url=https://caltech.tind.io/record/581809 |title=The absorption of high energy electrons |publisher=[[Caltech]] |access-date=December 30, 2015 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304124604/https://caltech.tind.io/record/581809 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="thesis-neddermeyer-1935">{{cite thesis |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/301831835/ |title=The absorption of high energy electrons |date=1935 |publisher=[[California Institute of Technology]] |type=PhD |last=Neddermeyer |first=Seth H. |via=[[ProQuest]] |url-access=subscription |oclc=437064667}}</ref> under the supervision of [[Carl D. Anderson]]. He confirmed the theory espoused by [[Niels Bohr]] for this process. He also noted large radiative energy losses of electrons in [[lead]], in agreement with the theory propounded by [[Hans Bethe]] and [[Walter Heitler]].<ref name="Physics Today" /> Neddermeyer contributed to the research which led to the 1932 discovery of the [[positron]],<ref name="Physics Today" /> for which Anderson was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] in 1936.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1936/anderson-bio.html |title=Carl D. Anderson - Biographical |publisher=The Nobel Foundation |access-date=December 30, 2015 }}</ref> That year, Neddermeyer and Anderson discovered the [[muon]], using [[cloud chamber]] measurements of [[cosmic rays]]. Their discovery predated [[Hideki Yukawa]]'s 1935 theory of [[meson]]s that postulated the particle as mediating the nuclear force. Anderson and Neddermeyer collaborated with Millikan in high altitude studies of cosmic rays, which confirmed [[Robert Oppenheimer]]'s theory that the [[Air shower (physics)|air showers]] produced in the atmosphere by cosmic rays contained electrons.<ref name="Physics Today" /> They also obtained the first evidence that [[gamma rays]] can generate positrons.<ref name="Nobel" />
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