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Shaka sign
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==Origins== According to the ''[[Honolulu Star-Bulletin]]'',<ref name="Watanabe">{{cite web |last=Watanabe |first=June |title=Wherever it came from, shaka sign part of Hawaii|url=http://archives.starbulletin.com/2002/03/31/news/kokualine.html| newspaper= [[Honolulu Star-Bulletin]]| access-date=13 January 2011| date=31 March 2002}}</ref> prevailing local lore credits the gesture to Hamana Kalili of [[Laie]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Honoring the Founder of the Shaka Hamana Kalili |date=16 June 2017 |publisher=This Week Hawaii |url=http://www.thisweekhawaii.com/events/oahu/840/honoring-founder-shaka-hamana-kalili/}}</ref> who lost the three middle fingers of his right hand while working at the [[Kahuku]] Sugar Mill.{{r|Guard 2024}} Kalili was then shifted to guarding the sugar train, and his all-clear wave of thumb and pinkie is said to have evolved into the shaka as children imitated the gesture.<ref name="Polynesian Cultural Center">{{cite web|title= The Shaka|url= http://www.polynesia.com/shop-online/the-shaka.html|publisher= [[Polynesian Cultural Center]]|access-date= 13 January 2011|url-status= dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110622110256/http://www.polynesia.com/shop-online/the-shaka.html|archive-date= 22 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The history of the famous surfing shaka sign |publisher=SurferToday |url=https://www.surfertoday.com/surfing/the-history-of-the-famous-surfing-shaka-sign}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.polynesia.com/HukilauMP1.html |title=Press Release: Polynesian Cultural Center's New Hukilau Marketplace Brings Back the Spirit of Old Laie |access-date=2017-08-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827173548/http://www.polynesia.com/HukilauMP1.html |archive-date=27 August 2017 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Everything You Wanted to Know About the History of the Shaka |date=15 June 2016 |author=Dylan Heyden |publisher=The Inertia |url=http://www.theinertia.com/surf/everything-you-wanted-to-know-about-the-history-of-the-shaka/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=30 July 2015 |title=How Four Small-Town Oahu Natives Went on to Change the World |author=Joe Kukura |publisher=Polynesian Cultural Center |url=http://www.polynesia.com/blog/how-four-small-town-oahu-natives-went-on-to-change-the-world/}}</ref> Another theory relates the origin of the shaka to the Spanish immigrants, who folded their middle fingers and took their thumbs to their lips as a friendly gesture to represent sharing a drink with the natives they met in Hawaii.<ref>{{cite news |date=25 September 2005 |title=Theorizing about birth of shaka |author=Bob Krauss |newspaper=The Honolulu Advertiser |url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2005/Sep/25/ln/FP509250345.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://magazine.byu.edu/article/handy-way-rep-y/|title=World-Famous Shaka Started By Hawaiian Latter-day Saint}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Origin of the "Shaka" Sign |url=http://www.k12.hi.us/~stevenso/shaka/shaka.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030222082433/http://www.k12.hi.us/~stevenso/shaka/shaka.htm |archive-date=22 February 2003}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Sean Reavis |title=The Shaka- History of the Hawaiian "Hang Loose" |date=18 March 2016 |publisher=Boarders |url=http://boardersmag.com/articles/the-shaka-history-of-the-hawaiian-hang-loose |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325130210/http://boardersmag.com/articles/the-shaka-history-of-the-hawaiian-hang-loose |archive-date=25 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Céline Nguyen |title=SURFIN' USA |publisher=Surf Library |url=http://surflibrary.org/SurfingUSA.html |at=See Appendix.}}</ref> The late Lippy Espinda, a used car salesman and [[Oahu]]-based entertainer, has also been named as a possible creator of the shaka.<ref name="The Funniest People in Hawaii">{{cite magazine |url= http://www.honolulumagazine.com/core/pagetools.php?pageid=6960&url=%2FHonolulu-Magazine%2FNovember-2009%2FThe-Funniest-People-in-Hawaii%2F&mode=print |magazine= Honolulu Magazine |title= The Funniest People in Hawaii |access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref><ref name="Theorizing about birth of shaka">{{Cite web |url= http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2005/Sep/25/ln/FP509250345.html |work= [[The Honolulu Advertiser]] |title= Theorizing about birth of shaka |access-date=December 26, 2014}}</ref> Espinda, who frequently appeared as an extra in ''[[Hawaii Five-O (1968 TV series)|Hawaii Five-O]]'' as well as ''[[The Brady Bunch]]'' episodes shot in Hawaii, used the term and the sign during his television ads in the '60s. Though the claim that he is the originator of the shaka sign is debatable, he is credited with increasing its popularity and that of [[Hawaiian Pidgin]] as well.<ref name="Watanabe"/> The word ''shaka'' is also used as an [[interjection]] expressing approval, which may predate its use for the shaka sign. According to the ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'' the origin of the word is uncertain, but it may come from Japanese, where it is a [[byname]] for the [[Buddha]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Martin |first=Katherine Connor |date=December 2016 |title=Release notes: Bama and shaka: how two local words went global |url=https://public.oed.com/blog/december-2016-update-release-notes-bama-and-shaka-how-two-local-words-went-global/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624185113/https://public.oed.com/blog/december-2016-update-release-notes-bama-and-shaka-how-two-local-words-went-global/ |archive-date=24 June 2018 |access-date=8 February 2021 |website=oed.com |publisher=}}</ref> {{clear right}}
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