Editing Sharp-tailed grouse (section)

==Taxonomy==
In 1750 the English naturalist [[George Edwards (naturalist)|George Edwards]] included an illustration and a description of the sharp-tailed grouse in the third volume of his ''A Natural History of Uncommon Birds''. He used the English name "The Long-tailed Grous from Hudson's-Bay". Edwards based his hand-coloured etching on a preserved specimen that had been brought to London from [[Hudson Bay]] by [[James Isham]].<ref>{{ cite book | last=Edwards | first=George | author-link=George Edwards (naturalist) | year=1750 | title=A Natural History of Uncommon Birds | location=London | publisher=Printed for the author at the College of Physicians | volume=Part III | page=117, Plate 117 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50196236 }}</ref> When in 1758 the Swedish naturalist [[Carl Linnaeus]] updated his ''[[Systema Naturae]]'' for the [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|tenth edition]], he placed the sharp-tailed grouse with other grouse in the [[genus]] ''[[Tetrao]]''. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the [[binomial name]] ''Tetrao phasianellus'' and cited Edwards' work.<ref>{{cite book | last=Linnaeus | first=Carl | author-link=Carl Linnaeus | year=1758 | title=Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis | volume=1 | edition=10th | page=160 | publisher=Laurentii Salvii | location=Holmiae (Stockholm) | language=Latin | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/727067 }}</ref> The sharp-tailed grouse is now placed in the genus ''[[Tympanuchus]]'' that was introduced in 1841 by the German zoologist [[C. L. Gloger|Constantin Wilhelm Lambert Gloger]] for the [[greater prairie chicken]].<ref>{{ cite book | last=Gloger | first=Constantin Wilhelm Lambert | author-link=C. L. Gloger | date=1841 | title=Gemeinnütziges Hand- und Hilfsbuch der Naturgeschichte | volume=1 | language=German | location=Breslau | publisher=A. Schulz | page=396 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13515706 }}</ref><ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=July 2021 | title=Pheasants, partridges, francolins | work=IOC World Bird List Version 11.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/pheasants/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=11 October 2021}}</ref> The genus name combines the [[Ancient Greek]] ''tumpanon'' meaning "kettle-drum" with ''ēkheō'' meaning "to sound". The specific epithet ''phasianellus'' is a diminutive of the [[Latin]] ''phasianus'' meaning "pheasant".<ref>{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages=[https://archive.org/stream/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling#page/n393/mode/1up 393], [https://archive.org/stream/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling#page/n302/mode/1up 302] }}</ref>

The [[greater prairie chicken]], [[lesser prairie chicken]], and sharp-tailed grouse make up the [[genus]] ''[[Tympanuchus]]'', a genus of grouse found only in [[North America]]. Six extant and one extinct [[subspecies]] of sharp-tailed grouse are recognised:<ref>Hoffman ''et al''.  (2007), p. 15.</ref><ref name=ioc/>
* ''T. p. phasianellus'': the nominate race or northern sharp-tailed grouse is found in [[Manitoba]], northern [[Ontario]], and central [[Quebec]]. It is partly migratory.
* ''T. p. kennicotti'': the northwestern sharp-tailed grouse is resident from the [[Mackenzie River]] to the [[Great Slave Lake]] in the [[Northwest Territories, Canada]].
* ''T. p. caurus'': the Alaskan sharp-tailed grouse inhabits north-central [[Alaska]] eastwards to the southern [[Yukon]], northern [[British Columbia]], and northern [[Alberta]].
* ''T. p. columbianus'': the [[Columbian sharp-tailed grouse]] can be found in isolated pockets of native [[sagebrush]] and bunchgrass plains of [[Idaho]], [[Wyoming]], [[Colorado]], [[Utah]], and British Columbia.
* ''T. p. campestris'': the prairie sharp-tailed grouse lives in [[Saskatchewan]], southeastern Manitoba, southwestern Ontario, and the [[Upper Peninsula of Michigan]] to northern Minnesota and northern [[Wisconsin]].  This subspecies coexists with the plains race around the northern [[Red River Valley]] and prefers low seral stages of recently converted forests to shrubland.
* ''T. p. jamesi'': the plains sharp-tailed grouse makes its home in the northern [[Great Plains]] in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, eastern [[Montana]], [[North Dakota|North]] and [[South Dakota]], [[Nebraska]], and northeastern Wyoming.  This race lives in the mixed-grass prairie, preferring a mosaic of native grasslands, cropland, and brushy/woody riparian draws, creeks, and rivers for a winter food source above the snow cover as [[Mast (botany)|buds and berries]].
* †''T. p. hueyi'': the [[New Mexico]] sharp-tailed grouse is [[Extinction|extinct]].