Editing Small caps (section)

== Uses ==
Small caps are often used in sections of text that are unremarkable and thus a run of uppercase capital letters might imply an emphasis that is not intended. For example, the style of some publications, like ''[[The New Yorker]]'' and ''[[The Economist]]'', is to use small caps for [[acronym]]s and [[initialism]]s longer than three letters<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Wright |first=Robin |date=July 26, 2020 |title=What Does NATO Do, Anyway? |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/what-does-nato-do-anyway |access-date=November 20, 2020 |magazine=The New Yorker}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Sorkin |first=Amy |date=June 12, 2020 |title=What the W.H.O. Meant to Say About Asymptomatic People Spreading the Coronavirus |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/what-the-who-meant-to-say-about-asymptomatic-people-spreading-the-coronavirus |access-date=November 20, 2020 |magazine=The New Yorker}}</ref>—thus "U.S." and "W.H.O." in normal caps but "{{Smallcaps|nato}}" in small caps.

The initialisms [[Anno Domini|{{Smallcaps|ad}}]], [[Common Era|{{Smallcaps|ce}}]], [[ante meridiem|{{Smallcaps|am}}]], and [[post meridiem|{{Smallcaps|pm}}]] are sometimes typeset in small caps.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Trask |first1=Larry |title=Small Capitals |url=https://www.sussex.ac.uk/informatics/punctuation/misc/small |website=University of Sussex Informatics |publisher=The University of Sussex |access-date=30 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=9.39: Numerals versus words for time of da |url=https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/book/ed18/part2/ch09/psec039.html |website=The Chicago Manual of Style Online |publisher=The University of Chicago |access-date=30 October 2024}}</ref>


In printed plays small caps are used for [[stage directions]] and the names of characters before their lines.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Detken |first=Anke |date=2018 |title=Kursiv Geschriebenes und Kapitälchen: Typologische Überlegungen zu Regiebemerkungen und Sprecherbezeichnungen in postdramatischen Theatertexten |journal=Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik |language=de |volume=48 |issue=3 |pages=522–523 |doi=10.1007/s41244-018-0102-x |issn=0049-8653}}</ref> 

Some publications use small caps to indicate surnames. An elementary example is [[Don Quixote|Don {{Smallcaps|Quixote}} de La Mancha]]. In the 21st century, the practice is gaining traction in scientific publications.<ref>{{cite web |title=15.144: An index with authors, titles, and first lines combined |url=https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/book/ed18/part3/ch15/psec144.html |website=The Chicago Manual of Style Online |publisher=The University of Chicago |access-date=30 October 2024}}</ref>

In many versions of the [[Old Testament]] of the [[Bible]], the word "{{Smallcaps|Lord}}" is set in small caps.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary |publisher=Holman Bible Publishers |year=2003 |isbn=0-8054-2836-4 |location=Nashville, TN |page=1046}}</ref> Typically, an ordinary "Lord" corresponds to the use of the word ''[[Adonai]]'' in the original Hebrew, but the small caps "{{Smallcaps|Lord}}" corresponds to the use of ''[[Yahweh]]'' in the original; in some versions the compound "Lord {{Smallcaps|God}}" represents the Hebrew compound ''Adonai Yahweh''.

In zoological and botanical nomenclature, the small caps are occasionally used for [[genera]] and families.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Jones |first1=S. D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G52PDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA5 |title=Vascular Plants of Texas: A Comprehensive Checklist Including Synonymy, Bibliography, and Index |last2=Wipff |first2=J. K. |last3=Montgomery |first3=P. M. |publisher=University of Texas Press |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-292-72962-9 |page=5 |access-date=2024-03-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Allen |first1=J.A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aLhMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA208 |title=Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History |last2=American Museum of Natural History |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |year=1892 |page=208 |access-date=2024-03-25 |issue=v. 4}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Bouchard |first1=P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-7K9ZeHNih8C&pg=PA896 |title=Family-group Names in Coleoptera (Insecta) |last2=Bousquet |first2=Y. |last3=Davies |first3=A.E. |last4=Alonso-Zarazaga |first4=M. A. |last5=Lawrence |first5=J. F. |last6=Lyal |first6=C. H. C. |last7=Newton |first7=A. F. |last8=Reid |first8=C. A. M. |last9=Schmitt |first9=M. |publisher=Pensoft |year=2011 |isbn=978-954-642-583-6 |series=ZooKeys |page=896 |access-date=2024-03-25 |last10=Slipinski |first10=S. A.}}</ref>   

In [[computational complexity theory]], a sub-field of [[computer science]], the formal names of algorithmic problems, e.g. MᴀxSAT, are sometimes set in small caps.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bourke |first=Chris |date=April 12, 2007 |title=User's Guide for complexity: a LATEX package, Version 0.80 |url=http://cse.unl.edu/~cbourke/latex/complexity.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504231437/http://cse.unl.edu/~cbourke/latex/complexity.pdf |archive-date=May 4, 2020 |access-date=May 6, 2021}}</ref>

[[Linguists]] use small caps to analyze the [[morphology (linguistics)|morphology]] and tag ([[List of glossing abbreviations|gloss]]) the [[parts of speech]] in a sentence; e.g.,
{{interlinear|indent=3
|She love-s you.
|3SG.F.NOM love-3SG.PRS.IND 2|}}

Linguists also use small caps to refer to the keywords in [[lexical set]]s for particular languages or dialects; e.g. the {{Smallcaps|fleece}} and {{Smallcaps|trap}} vowels in English.

''The [[Bluebook]]'' prescribes small caps for some titles and names in United States legal citations.<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://www.legalbluebook.com |title=The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation |publisher=Columbia Law Review Ass'n et al. |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-692-40019-7 |edition=20th |pages=149}}</ref> The practice precedes [[World War I]], with [[Harvard Law Review]] using it while referring to itself. By 1915, small caps were used for all titles of journals and books.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cooper |first=Byron D. |year=1982 |title=Anglo-American Legal Citation: Historical Development and Library Implications |url=https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/facpub/1745/ |journal=Law Library Journal |volume=75 |issue=3 |pages=1745– |access-date=2024-03-19}}</ref>

In many books, mention of another part of the same book or mentions the work as a whole will be set in small caps. For example, articles in ''The [[World Book Encyclopedia]]'' refer to the encyclopedia as a whole and to the encyclopedia's other articles in small caps, as in the "Insurance" article's direction, at one point, to "See {{Smallcaps|No-Fault Insurance}}", "No-Fault Insurance" being another of the encyclopedia's articles.

Among [[Romance languages]], as an orthographic tradition, only the [[French language|French]] and [[Spanish language]]s render [[Roman numerals]] in small caps to denote centuries, e.g. {{lang|fr|{{Smallcaps|xviii}}{{sup|e}} siècle}} and {{lang|es|siglo {{Smallcaps|xviii}}}} for "18th century"; the numerals are cardinally postpositive in Spanish alone.<ref>{{cite book |title=Lexique des règles typographiques en usage à l'imprimerie nationale |date=March 2011 |publisher=[[Imprimerie nationale]] |isbn=978-2-7433-0482-9 |edition=6th |location=Paris |pages=126 |language=fr |quote=On composera en chiffres romains petites capitales les nombres concernant : ↲ 1. Les siècles.}}</ref><ref>{{cite dictionary |publisher=[[Royal Spanish Academy]] (RAE) |year=1999 |dictionary=Diccionario panhispánico de dudas |title=Uso de los números romanos}}</ref>