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Standpipe (firefighting)
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==Types of standpipe systems== Fire standpipes have two broad types: "Wet" and "Dry". The terms describe their state during normal, non-firefighting situations. ===Dry standpipe=== [[File:Minnesota dry standpipe.jpg|thumb|upright|Labeled dry standpipe outlet in a university building]] Dry standpipe systems do not contain water in the piping during normal, non-firefighting situations. Water is only introduced when needed for firefighting purposes. '''Manual Dry Standpipe System''' - A standpipe system that is not connected to a water supply and requires water to be pumped into the system via a fire department connection (FDC), often by a fire truck.<ref name="nfpa 14"/> '''Semiautomatic Dry Standpipe System''' - A standpipe system that is connected to a water supply and capable of supplying the water at any time, but requires the manual activation of a valve or other control to introduce the water into the system.<ref name="nfpa 14"/> '''Automatic Dry Standpipe System''' - A standpipe system that is connected to a water supply and capable of supplying the water at any time, that is kept under air pressure, so that upon the opening of a hose supply connection valve, water is drawn into the system via a dry pipe valve.{{efn|A special valve that is held closed by air pressure, but water will force open when the air pressure is removed.}} <ref name="nfpa 14"/> ===Wet standpipe=== Wet standpipe systems contain water at all times. '''Manual Wet Standpipe System''' - A standpipe system that contains water, but requires additional water to be pumped into the system via a fire department connection (FDC), often by a fire truck.<ref name="nfpa 14"/> '''Automatic Wet Standpipe System''' - A standpipe system that is connected to a water supply and capable of supplying the water without any action except opening a hose supply connection valve.<ref name="nfpa 14"/> Wet standpipe systems are often more complex and expensive to both install and maintain due to the presence of water always being in the system, and the need to supply water a specific pressures which may require the use of pumps.<ref name="ifsta 2011"/>
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