Editing Stanford torus (section)

==History of the concept==
The Stanford torus was proposed during the 1975 NASA Summer Study,<ref name=":1" /> conducted at [[Stanford University]], with the purpose of exploring and speculating on designs for future [[space colonization|space colonies]], with the conclusions and the detailed proposal being published in 1977 in ''Space Settlements: A Design Study'' book, by Richard D. Johnson and [[Charles H. Holbrow]]<ref>{{harvnb|Johnson|Holbrow|1977|loc=pg VII, "Preface"}}</ref> ([[Gerard K. O'Neill|Gerard O'Neill]] later proposed his Island One or [[Bernal sphere]] as an alternative to the torus<ref>{{cite book|last=O'Neill|first=Gerard K.|authorlink=Gerard K. O'Neill|title=[[The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space]]|year=1977|publisher=Bantam Books|page=149}}</ref>). "Stanford torus" refers only to this particular version of the design, as the concept of a [[Rotating wheel space station|ring-shaped rotating space station]] was previously proposed by [[Konstantin Tsiolkovsky]] ("Bublik-City", 1903),<ref name=tsiolkovsky1903>{{cite book 
|last1=Bekey 
|first1=Ivan 
|last2=Herman
|first2=Daniel
|date=January 1, 1985
|title=Space Stations and Space Platforms-Concepts, Design, Infrastructure, and Uses 
|url=https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/book/10.2514/4.865749 
|language=en 
|chapter=Space Station and Space Platform Concepts: A Historical Review
|chapter-url=https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/10.2514/5.9781600865749.0203.0263
|contribution-url-access=subscription
|pages=203–263
|doi=10.2514/5.9781600865749.0203.0263
|publisher=[[American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics]] 
|isbn=978-0-930403-01-0 }}</ref> [[Herman Potočnik]] (1923)<ref name=potockik>{{cite book 
|last1=Noordung (pseudonym) 
|first1=Hermann 
|orig-date=1929 |date=1993
|title=Das Problem der Befahrung des Weltraums: der Raketen-Motor 
|url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Herman_Poto%C4%8Dnik_Noordung_-_Das_Problem_der_Befahrung_des_Weltraums.pdf 
|language=de 
|location=Berlin 
|publisher=Richard Carl Schmidt & Co. 
|pages=136–144 
|isbn=3851320603 }}</ref> or [[Wernher von Braun]] (1952),<ref>{{cite book |last=von Braun |first=W. |authorlink=Wernher von Braun |title=Crossing the Final Frontier |publisher=Colliers |date=March 22, 1952}}</ref> among others.